Humified fraction of organic matter due to plant mixture cultivation.

The aim of this study was to assess the organic matter changes in quantity and quality, particularly of the humic fraction in the surface layer (0?20 cm), of a Typic Plinthustalf soil under different management of plant mixtures used as green manure for mango (Mangifera indica L.) crops. The plant mixtures, which were seeded between rows of mango trees, were formed by two groups of leguminous and non -leguminous plants. Prior to sowing, seeds were combined in different proportions and compositions constituting the following treatments: 100% non-leguminous species (NL); 100% leguminous species (L); 75% L and 25% NL; 50% L and 50% NL; 25% L and 75% NL; and 100% spontaneous vegetation, considered a control. The plant mixtures that grew between rows of mango trees caused changes in the chemical composition of the soil organic matter, especially for the treatments 50% L and 50% NL and 25% L and 75% NL, which increased the content of humic substances in the soil organic matter. However, the treatment 25% L and 75% NL was best at minimising loss of total organic carbon from the soil. The humic acids studied have mostly aliphatic characteristics, showing large amounts of carboxylic and nitrogen groups and indicating that most of the organic carbon was formed by humic substances, with fulvic acid dominating among the alkali soluble fractions.

Validation of neurobehavioral studies for evaluating the perinatal effects of single and mixture exposure to pesticides.

2009

The morphological characterization of the dry seeds and reserve mobilization during germination in Morinda citrifolia L.

2016

Interception of Wheat mosaic virus (WMoV) in Brazil in maize seeds from the United States.

2016

Robustness of germination analysis methods for Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. (Fabaceae) seeds.

2016

Methods for overcoming dormancy in Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum seeds.

A impermeabilidade do tegumento das sementes é um fenômeno observado em várias espécies tropicais. Essa condição causa germinação baixa e desuniforme. O presente estudo objetivou identificar métodos para superar a dormência em sementes de Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum. Sementes de quatro matrizes foram submetidas aos seguintes tratamentos: imersão em ácido sulfúrico por 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 e 12 min e escarificação com lixa. As sementes foram semeadas em substrato de areia e serragem (1:1). Avaliou-se os dias para iniciar a emergência de plântulas (DIE), emergência de plântulas (EP), índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE), germinação (G), sementes duras (SD), sementes mortas (SM), sementes dormentes (SDM) plântulas anormais (PA), massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA) e massa seca das raízes (MSR). O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualisado com quatro repetições de 25 sementes por tratamento. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p < 0,05). Diferenças significativas entre tratamentos foram observadas para IVE, EP, G, SD, MSPA e MSR. Maior porcentagem de SD foi observada nas sementes não escarificadas (85%). Maior porcentagem de germinação foi observada nas sementes escarificadas em ácido sulfúrico por 10 min (82%) e 12 min (74%). Esses tratamentos também mostraram maiores IVE, MSPA e MSR, indicando serem os mais eficientes para superar a dormência.

Synchronizing the in vitro germination of Psidium guineense Sw. seeds by means of osmotic priming.

The Brazilian guava (Psidium guineense Swartz) is seed-propagated and, being native to the Caatinga biome, may frequently have uneven germination.Thus, we aimed to evaluate the synchronization of the in vitro seed germination of three accessions of the Brazilian guava, using water, polyethyleneglycol (PEG 6000), and potassium nitrate (KNO3) at different potentials and times of osmotic priming. Seeds from three accessions of the Brazilian guava (Y85, Y93,and Y97) from the UNEB/BA Germplasm Active Bank were subjected to the following pretreatments: -0.6, -1.0, -1.4, and -1,8 MPa PEG 6000; 10 and 20% KNO3 for 24h; 10 and 20% KNO3 for 48h; water for 24 and 48h; and non-primed seeds as the control. The experimental design was therefore a 10x3+1 factorial scheme. We assessed the germination percentage (G), mean germination time (MGT), germination speed (GS), and germination speed index (GSI). Data was subjected to analysis of variance followed by a means test (Duncan at 5% probability) and regression. There was interaction between the priming treatments and accessions for all evaluated features, except G. PEG 6000 decreased the MGT (from 6 to 8 days) and increased GS and GSI of seeds from all three accessions at potentials -1.0 to -1.5 MPa.Water-priming had a positive effect on MGT, GS, and GSI of accession Y85 seeds. KNO3 negatively affected germination of seeds from all three accessions. Thereby, we could synchronize seed germination of accessions Y85 and Y97 with PEG 6000.