Caracterização genética da pimenta-do-reino e do cupuaçu através de isoenzimas.

O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar a variação isoenzimática presente em híbridos e cultivares de pimenta-do-reino (Piper nigrum) e acessos de cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum). O material utilizado foi proveniente dos bancos de germoplasma da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. As metodologias para a extração das enzimas, formulação de tampões do gel e da cuba e para os procedimentos de coloração foram os descritos por Tsumura, 1990, modificado. Foram testados dezoito sistemas enzimáticos: FUM, ACP; PGI; SKDH; ACO; GOT; G6PD ; 6PGD; DIA; MNR; ME; MDH; GDH; PGM; TZO; ADH; LAP e SoDH. As interpretações genéticas foram feitas de acordo com o método descrito por Alfenas et al., 1991. Concluiu-se, através dos padrões eletroforéticos encontrados, que seis sistemas empregados apresentaram polimorfismo enzimático para a pimenta-do-reino e quatro para o cupuaçu. A presença de heterozigosidade nos materiais estudados significa variabilidade a ser explorada no programa de melhoramento genetic° destas espécies. A resolução obtida nestes sistemas com bandas bem nítidas indica a presença de atividade enzimática em folhas jovens de pimenta-do-reino e cupuaçu.

Polymorphisms in the DGAT1 gene in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in the Amazon.

Water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) are quite well adapted to climatic conditions in the Amazon, and in this biome, they are noted for the considerable amount of meat and milk they produce and how hard they are able to work. Because of a lack of research dedicated to improving the rearing of buffaloes in the Amazon, the objective of this study was to genetically characterize the Murrah and Mediterranean breeds, as well as a mixed-breed population, based on polymorphisms in the diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 gene (DGAT1), and associate the genotypes with milk production. By using the polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism technique, the alleles A (0.79), B (0.20), and D (0.01) were found in the Murrah breed. In the Mediterranean and mixed-breed buffaloes, we found alleles A (0.69) and (0.77) and B (0.31) and (0.23), respectively. The Murrah breed had the genotypes AA (0.63), AB (0.29), BB (0.05), and AD (0.03), and the Mediterranean and mixed-breed buffaloes had the genotypes AA (0.44) and (0.61), AB (0.50) and (0.31), and BB (0.06) and (0.08), respectively. For the Murrah, Mediterranean, and mixedbreed buffaloes, respectively, the expected heterozygosity values were 0.34, 0.43, and 0.35, the inbreeding coefficients were 0.78, -0.15, and 0.17, and the Hardy-Weinberg probabilities were 0.70, 0.67, and 0.52. The genotypes evaluated did not have an effect on milk production; however, the single nucleotide polymorphisms can be used in studies on genetic variability.

Selection of mango rosa genotypes in a breeding population using the multivariate-biplot method.

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) trees stand out among the main fruit trees cultivated in Brazil. The mango rosa fruit is a very popular local variety (landrace), especially because of their superior technological characteristics such as high contents of Vitamin C and soluble solids (SS), as well as attractive taste and color. The objective of this study was to select a breeding population of mango rosa (polyclonal variety; ≥5 individuals) that can simultaneously meet the fresh and processed fruit Vmarkets, using the multivariate method of principal components and the biplot graphic.

Efeito de níveis de folhas de pitangueira (Eugenia uniflora) na digestibilidade in vivo de ovinos.

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da inclusão de níveis crescentes de folhas de pitangueira (Eugenia uniflora) na dieta sobre a digestibilidade de ovinos adultos.