Os desafios para uma nova agricultura na Amazônia.

Dar atenção para as áreas com florestas, que representam 82% da Amazônia, ou para os 18% já desmatados constitui o atual dilema político. A ênfase na biodiversidade como sendo a grande opção futura para a Amazônia carrega equívocos na busca futurística de produtos, esquecendo a biodiversidade do passado e do presente, na qual estão as grandes oportunidades. Os atuais recursos financeiros do Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) seriam adequados na geração de tecnologias apropriadas do que a criação de um assistencialismo ambiental. A redução dos desmatamentos e queimadas precisa estar acompanhada da incorporação de áreas desmatadas, sob risco de prejudicar as atividades produtivas da Amazônia

Carbon sequestration associated to the land-use and land-cover changes in the forestry sector in Southern Brazil.

We studied the Paraíba do Sul river watershed , São Paulo state (PSWSP), Southeastern Brazil, in order to assess the land use and cover (LULC) and their implication s to the amount of carbon (C) stored in the forest cover between the years 1985 and 2015. Th e region covers a n area of 1,395,975 ha . We used images made by the Operational Land Imager (OLI) sensor (OLI/Landsat - 8) to produce mappings , and image segmentation techniques to produce vectors with homogeneous characteristics. The training samples and the samples used for classification and validation were collected from the segmented image. To quantify the C stocked in aboveground live biomass (AGLB) , we used an indirect method and applied literature - based reference values. The recovery of 205,690 ha of a secondary Native Forest (NF) after 1985 sequestered 9.7 Tg (Teragram) of C . Considering the whole NF area (455,232 ha), the amount of C accumulated al ong the whole watershed was 3 5 .5 Tg , and the whole Eucalyptus crop (EU) area (113,600 ha) sequester ed 4. 4 Tg of C. Thus, the total amount of C sequestered in the whole watershed (NF + EU) was 3 9 . 9 Tg of C or 1 45 . 6 Tg of CO 2 , and the NF areas were responsible for the large st C stock at the watershed (8 9 %). Therefore , the increase of the NF cover contribut es positively to the reduction of CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere, and Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD + ) may become one of the most promising compensation mechanisms for the farmers who increased forest cover at their farms.