Isolation of micropropagated strawberry endophytic bacteria and assessment of their potential for plant growth promotion.

Twenty endophytic bacteria were isolated from the meristematic tissues of three varieties of strawberry cultivated in vitro, and further identified, by FAME profile, into the genera Bacillus and Sphingopyxis. The strains were also characterized according to indole acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization and potential for plant growth promotion. Results showed that 15 strains produced high levels of IAA and all 20 showed potential for solubilizing inorganic phosphate. Plant growth promotion evaluated under greenhouse conditions revealed the ability of the strains to enhance the root number, length and dry weight and also the leaf number, petiole length and dry weight of the aerial portion. Seven Bacillus spp. strains promoted root development and one strain of Sphingopyxis sp. promoted the development of plant shoots. The plant growth promotion showed to be correlated to IAA production and phosphate solubilization. The data also suggested that bacterial effects could potentially be harnessed to promote plant growth during seedling acclimatization in strawberry

Selection of Trichoderma spp. isolates to control the bean white-mold fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in winter crops.

2007

Endophytic bacteria for biocontrol of coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix).

2007

Evaluation of endophytic actinobacteria as antagonists of Pythium aphanidermatum in corn.

2007

Identification of a putative gene responsive to the fungus bipolaris maydis in guinea grass

2015

Identification of endophytic bactéria from micropropagated yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) crowing under autotrophic and Heterotrophic systems.

Yacon, Smallanthus sonchifolius, an Andean species. is a rich source of dictetíc oligofructans with low glucose content. proteins and phenolic compounds. These constituents have shown efficacy in the prevention of diet-related ehronic diseases, including gastroin-testinal disorders and diabetes |1,2|. Yacon is part of a research program at the National Center for Natural Products Research (NCNPR) and University of Mississippi Field Station to develop new alternative root crops for Mississippi while attempting to im-prove the diet of low incorne families. Yacon can be easily propa-gated by cultings. Virus and nematode infections have been re-ported on plants propagated by cuttings in Brazil. a country that hás adopted Yacon as specialty crop [3|. We have developed two culture systems. autotrophic and heterotrophic, to produce healthy plants. Herem we describe the presence of endophytic bactéria m micropropagated Yacon. In auxin free media, new roots were induced. Overa 15day period. the average root mduction per expiam was 5.45 to 8.75 under autotrophic and heterotrophic cul-tures, respectively. Root lenglh vaned between 3 and 60mrn. The presence of root hairs and lateral roots was noticed only in auto-trophic condilions. These beneficiai bactéria were identified and chemically ctiaracterized. Acknowledgement: This research work was partially supported by the USDA/ARS Cooperative Research Agreement No. 58-6408-2-009. Referentes; |1) Terada S. et ai. (2006] Yakugaku Zasshi 126(8): 665-669. (2| Valentová K. Ulri-chová j. (2003) Biomedical Papers 147: 119-130. [3| Mogor C. et ai, (2003) Acta Horticulturea 597: 311 -313.

Secretome analysis of the mycoparasitic fungus Trichoderma harzianum ALL 42 cultivated in different media supplemented with Fusarium solani cell wall or glucose.

2016

Inibição temporária do crescimento de plantas voluntárias de soja na cultura do girassol.

RESUMO: O controle de plantas voluntárias de soja (Glycine max ) é uma exigência estabelecida em lei. A criação do vazio sanitário determina o período na entressafra no qual não deve haver a presença no campo de plantas emergidas de soja. Essa deliberação visa reduzir o inóculo do fungo causador da ferrugem asiática da soja (Phakopsora pachyrhizi). Além disso, a competição imposta por essas plantas pode reduzir a produtividade das culturas em sucessão. O experimento foi conduzido a fim de avaliar o controle de plantas voluntárias de soja em cultivos de girassol (Helianthus annuus). Os tratamentos aplicados foram: testemunha capinada, testemunha sem capina, amônio glufosinato 40 g i.a. ha-1, amônio glufosinato 100 g i.a. ha-1, sulfentrazone 75 g i.a. ha-1, sulfentrazone 100 g i.a. ha-1, tembotrione 21 g i.a. ha-1, carfentrazone 4 g i.a. ha-1, saflufenacil 1,75 g i.a. ha-1, saflufenacil 3,5 g i.a. ha-1, triclopyr 120 g i.a. ha-1 e MSMA 197,5 g i.a. ha-1. O herbicida sulfentrazone nas doses de 75 e 100 g i.a. ha -1 causa fitotoxicidade ao girassol logo após a aplicação, porém há recuperação das plantas, sem prejuízo a produtividade da cultura. Esses mesmos tratamentos não causam morte total das plantas voluntárias de soja, mas paralisam temporariamente seu crescimento, evitando a competição com a cultura do girassol. O amônio glufosinato é eficaz no controle de plantas voluntárias de soja. No entanto, os sintomas de fitotoxicidade na cultura do girassol são elevados, refletindo em perda de rendimento da cultura. Os outros tratamentos não proporcionam controle satisfatório das plantas voluntárias de soja, além de causar redução na produtividade do girassol. ABSTRACT: The control of volunteer soybean (Glycine max) is regulated by law due to the host-free period which determines the interval that is not allowed the presence of soybean plants in fields. The decision aims to reduce the inoculum of the fungus that causes the Asian soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi). Furthermore, the competition imposed by volunteer soybean plants can reduce crop yields. The experiment was conducted to evaluate the control of volunteer soybean plants in sunflower (Helianthus annuus). The treatments were as follows: hoed check, check without hoeing, glufosinate ammonium 40 g ai ha-1, glufosinate ammonium 100 g ai ha-1, sulfentrazone 75 g ai ha-1, sulfentrazone 100 g ai ha-1, tembotrione 21 g ai ha-1, carfentrazone 4g ai ha-1, saflufenacil 1.75 g ai ha-1, saflufenacil 3.5 g ai ha -1, triclopyr 120 g ai ha-1 and MSMA 197.5 g ai ha-1. Sulfentrazone (75 and 100 g ai ha-1) caused phytotoxicity on sunflower plants, however there is recovery of plants and no yield losses. The same treatments do not cause the total death of volunteer soybean plants, however temporarily paralyze its growth and avoid competition with the sunflower crop. The glufosinate ammonium is effective in controlling volunteer soybean plants. However, symptoms of phytotoxicity in the sunflower crop are high, reflecting in yield losses. The other treatments do not provide satisfactory control of volunteer soybean plants and even cause reduction in sunflower productivity.