Toxicidad aguda y efecto bioacumulativo del fungicida Tebucconazol en el pez cebra (Danio rerio).

2009

Bioconcentration of tebuconazole fungicide in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

2008

Bioaccumulation and elimination of Endosulfan in zebra fish (Brachydanio rerio).

The bioaccumulation and elimination of endosulfan in zebra fish (Brachydanio rerio) were investigated in a semi-static bioassay. The pesticide mean concentration in water was 03ug litre(-1) and the level of endosulfan residues (x(alfa)+B(beta)-isomers+endosulfan sulfate) in the exposed fish at day 21 was 0.81 (+-0.12)ug g(-1) body weight. The estimated value of the bioconcentration factor (BCF) was 2650 (+-441), the total endosulfan residues being eliminated with a biological half-life of four days. Histopathological studies showed predominantly lipid accumulation in the liver and necrotic focus in the gills of exposed fish.

Climate seasonality limits leaf carbon assimilation and wood productivity in tropical forests.

The seasonal climate drivers of the carbon cy- cle in tropical forests remain poorly known, although these forests account for more carbon assimilation and storage than any other terrestrial ecosystem. Based on a unique combina- tion of seasonal pan-tropical data sets from 89 experimental sites (68 include aboveground wood productivity measure- ments and 35 litter productivity measurements), their asso- ciated canopy photosynthetic capacity (enhanced vegetation index, EVI) and climate, we ask how carbon assimilation and aboveground allocation are related to climate seasonal- ity in tropical forests and how they interact in the seasonal carbon cycle. We found that canopy photosynthetic capacity seasonality responds positively to precipitation when rain- fall is < 2000 mm yr-1 (water-limited forests) and to radia- tion otherwise (light-limited forests). On the other hand, in- dependent of climate limitations, wood productivity and lit- terfall are driven by seasonal variation in precipitation and evapotranspiration, respectively. Consequently, light-limited forests present an asynchronism between canopy photosyn- thetic capacity and wood productivity. First-order control by precipitation likely indicates a decrease in tropical forest pro- ductivity in a drier climate in water-limited forest, and in cur- rent light-limited forest with future rainfall < 2000 mm yr-1.

Alterações histopatológicas em duas espécies de teleósteos expostos ao inseticida endosulfan.

Embora pesticidas produzam resultados positivos no controle de pragas, seus efeitos danosos em organismos "não alvo" não devem ser excluídos. Entre os vários pesticidas cuja toxicidade a peixes tem sido estudada, o endosulfan é um dos mais tóxicos. Entretanto, dados sobre as alterações histopatológicas provocadas em peixes por ação do endosulfan são escassos. Foram identificados os danos histopatológicos em branquias e figado dos peixes Brachydanio rerio e Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus após exposição a concentrações letais e subletais do pesticida. Os peixes foram expostos a concentração de 0 a 6,5 ppb de Thiodan técnico na água por 24 h, sendo que durante este período, amostras de peixes foram retiradas para analise histopatológica. Nas exposições subagudas os peixes foram submetidos a concentração media de 0,3 ppb do pesticida durante 21 dias. Foram realizados testes nos quais os peixes da especie H. bifasciatus alimentaram-se, durante 181 dias, com dieta contendo 8,9 ppm do inseticida. A microscopia óptica dos tecidos revelou predominância dos efeitos agudos sobre as branquias, observando-se necrose e destacamento do epitélio das lamelas branquiais. O figado demonstrou alterações histopatológicas características de efeitos subagudos, observando-se degeneração gordurosa e alterações nucleares dos hepatócitos. Os dados obtidos indicam necessidade de estudos adicionais sobre a toxicidade do endosulfan a longo prazo, visto que alguns dos danos histopatológicos identificados poderiam evoluir para alterações malignas.

Uptake and elimination of endosulfan by zebra fish.

1992