Wheat blast and its effect on technological quality of grain from two sowing dates.

2016

Nutritional technological characterization and secondary metabolites in stored carioca bean cultivars.

The recommendation of bean cultivars and the use of appropriate storage techniques allow the quality characteristics of these grains to be preserved for human consumption. The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of storage on three cultivars of the common carioca bean in raw form and to determine the relationships between storage time and technological quality parameters involved in the darkening and hardening of grains, the chemical composition of the beans and the presence of secondary metabolites. The experiment followed a completely randomized design (CRD) with a full factorial scheme consisting of two factors: bean cultivars, with three levels and storage time, with five levels. The color parameters and the storage times significantly differed between the cultivars. The cooking time, when compared to the water absorption index, indicated that the cultivars had, on average, a high percentage of moisture (>95%) and an average cooking time of 17 min., this applies to the control, while values increase during the storage time. Storage under ambient conditions led to a reduction in grain brightness parameters, characterized by darkening and hardening; no reduction in protein and mineral content; and an increase in iron, phosphorous, tannin, and phytic acid contents at 180 days.

Produtividade e qualidade de variedades de cana-de-açúcar de terceira soca sob regime hídrico variável.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a produtividade agrícola e a qualidade tecnológica do caldo das variedades da cana-de-açúcar, submetidas a diferentes regimes hídricos. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso com três repetições em parcelas subdivididas, com três variedades RB855156, RB835486 e RB867515 (parcela), e sete regimes hídricos correspondendo a 0, 7, 17, 36, 46, 75 e 100% da ETc (subparcela). Foram avaliadas as características de produção: comprimento do entrenó (CE), peso do colmo (PC), número de perfilhos por hectare e produtividade; e tecnológicos do caldo: ºBrix do caldo, Pol do caldo (Teor de sacarose), pureza (PZA), AR (teor de açúcares redutores do caldo), ARC (açúcares redutores da cana), fibras, Pol da cana (PCC), açúcares totais recuperáveis (ATR) e o valor da megagrama da cana (VMgC). O máximo de produtividade da cana-de-açúcar foi de 182,31 Mg ha-1 registrado com irrigação equivalente a 69,01% da ETc; A cana-de-açúcar cultivada com irrigação equivalente a 75% da ETc não proporcionou diferença significativa para a qualidade industrial das variedades testadas em relação ao cultivo em sequeiro (0% da ETc). Não houve diferença significativa para os valores do teor de açúcares redutores (AR), açúcares redutores da cana (ARC) e a pureza do caldo (PZA) entre as variedades. ABSTRACT: This work aimed to determine the agricultural productivity and the technological quality of the juice of the sugarcane varieties, which were submitted to different hydrological regimes. The experimental design was made in randomized blocks with three repetitions in subdivided plots, with three varieties: RB855156, RB835486 and RB867515 (plot), and seven hydrological regimes corresponding to 0, 7, 17, 36, 46, 75 and 100% of ETc (subplot). The following production characteristics were evaluated: length of internode (LI), stem weight (SW), number of tillers per hectare and productivity; and technological components of the juice: ºBrix of the juice, Pol of the juice (sucrose levels), purity (PTY), RS (amount of reducing sugars of the juice), RSC (reducing sugars of the sugarcane plant), fibers, Pol of the sugarcane plant (CPP), total retrievable sugars (TRS) and the value of the sugarcane megagram (Mg). The maximum productivity of sugarcane was 182.31 Mg ha-1, which was registered with irrigation equivalent to 69.01% of ETc. The sugarcane cultivated with irrigation equivalent to 75% of ETc did not provide significant difference for the industrial quality of varieties tested in relation to the non-irrigated cultivation (0% of ETc). There was no significant difference for the values of reducing sugars (RS), the reducing sugars of the sugarcane plant (RSC) and the juice purity (PTY) among varieties.