Resistance to Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica and Pratylenchus brachyurus in sunflower cultivars adapted to the tropical region of Brazil.

The continuous soybean-maize crop succession in the tropical region of Brazil has led to significant increases in the population size of root-knot (Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica ) and root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus brachyurus), which make soils unsuitable for soybean cropping. A greenhouse study was conducted to identify sunflower genotypes adapted to the tropical region of Brazil and that are resistant to M. incognita, M. javanica and/or P. brachyurus . Two experiments for each nematode were conducted in a completely randomized design with six replicates. Gall index was calculated from visual scores (0?5) of gall intensity on roots for the root-knot nematode. Initial and final population density and reproduction factor were also measured for each nematode. Sunflower genotypes varied in resistance to the nematodes. Sunflower hybrids BRS 321 and BRS 323 were resistant to M. javanica and P. brachyurus and exhibited low gall index for M. incognita . The cultivars are good alternatives to using in the succession of soybean in nematode-infested areas of the tropical regions of Brazil. No sunflower genotype was identified as resistant to M. incognita and thus sunflower cropping is not indicated in areas infested with this nematode.

MAGGnet: an international network to foster mitigation of agricultural greenhouse gases.

Research networks provide a framework for review, synthesis and systematic testing of theories by multiple scientists across international borders critical for addressing global-scale issues. In 2012, a GHG research network referred to as MAGGnet (Managing Agricultural Greenhouse Gases Network) was established within the Croplands Research Group of the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases (GRA). With involvement from 46 alliance member countries, MAGGnet seeks to provide a platform for the inventory and analysis of agricultural GHG mitigation research throughout the world. To date, metadata from 315 experimental studies in 20 countries have been compiled using a standardized spreadsheet. Most studies were completed (74%) and conducted within a 1-3-year duration (68%). Soil carbon and nitrous oxide emissions were measured in over 80% of the studies. Among plant variables, grain yield was assessed across studies most frequently (56%), followed by stover (35%) and root (9%) biomass. MAGGnet has contributed to modeling efforts and has spurred other research groups in the GRA to collect experimental site metadata using an adapted spreadsheet. With continued growth and investment, MAGGnet will leverage limited-resource investments by any one country to produce an inclusive, globally shared meta-database focused on the science of GHG mitigation.

Mudanças clim��ticas: impactos sobre doenças de plantas no Brasil.

Proposta metodológica para discussão dos impactos das mudanças clim��ticas globais sobre doenças de plantas - Raquel Ghini e Em��lia Hamada. Cenários clim��ticos futuros para o Brasil - Em��lia Hamada, Renata Ribeiro do Valle Gonçalves, Jose Antonio Marengo Orsini e Raquel Ghini. Impacto potencial das mudanças clim��ticas sobre as doenças da batata no Brasil - Carlos Alberto Lopes, Ailton Reis e Natalino Yassushi Shimoyama. Impacto potencial das mudanças clim��ticas sobre as doenças do tomate no Brasil - Ricardo Gioria, Kátia Regiane Brunelli e Romulo Fujito Kobori. Impacto potencial das mudanças clim��ticas sobre as doenças do pimentão no Brasil - Romulo Fujito Kobori, Ricardo Gioria e Kátia Regiane Brunelli. Impacto potencial das mudanças clim��ticas sobre as doenças do melão no Brasil - Kátia Regiane Brunelli, Romulo Fujito Kobori e Ricardo Gioria. Impacto potencial das mudanças clim��ticas sobre as doenças do arroz no Brasil - Anne Sitarama Prabhu, Silvando Carlos da Silva e Marta Cristina de Filippi. Impacto potencial das mudanças clim��ticas sobre as doenças de cereais de inverno no Sul do Brasil - Erlei Melo Reis, Ricardo Trezzi Casa e Sandra Maria Zoldan. Impacto potencial das mudanças clim��ticas sobre as doenças do milho no Brasil - Nicésio Filadelfo Janssen de Almeida Pinto, Elizabeth de Oliveira e Fernando Tavares Fernandes. Impacto potencial das mudanças clim��ticas sobre as doenças e o desenvolvimento da soja no Brasil - Maria Aparecida Pessôa da Cruz Centurion e Raquel Ghini. Impacto potencial das mudanças clim��ticas sobre as doenças da bananeira no Brasil - Luadir Gasparotto e José Clério Rezende Pereira. Impacto potencial das mudanças clim��ticas sobre as doenças da cana-de-açúcar no Brasil - Álvaro Sanguino. Impacto potencial das mudanças clim��ticas sobre as doenças fúngicas do cafeeiro no Brasil - Edson Ampélio Pozza e Marcelo de Carvalho Alves. Impacto potencial das mudanças clim��ticas sobre as principais doenças de citros no Estado de São Paulo - Waldir Cintra de Jesus Junior, Marcelo Augusto Boechat Morandi, Rock Seille Carlos Christiano e Pedro Takao Yamamoto. Impacto potencial das mudanças clim��ticas sobre as doenças da seringueira no Estado de São Paulo - Edson Luiz Furtado. Impacto potencial das mudanças clim��ticas sobre a ferrugem-do-eucalipto no Estado de São Paulo - Edson Luiz Furtado, Carlos André Gaspar dos Santos e Marcus Vinicius Masson. Impacto potencial das mudanças clim��ticas sobre a incidência de fitonematóides no Brasil - M��rio Massayuki Inomoto. Impacto potencial das mudanças clim��ticas sobre o controle biológico de doenças de plantas - Wagner Bettiol. Impacto potencial das mudanças clim��ticas sobre o controle químico de doenças de plantas Raquel Ghini.

Cenários clim��ticos futuros para o Brasil.

2008