Grafting compatibility among eleven chestnut cultivars and hybrids.

Among the four commercial chestnut species the C. dentata (Marsh.) Boskh. and C. sativa P. Mill. has excellent quality but more susceptible to diseases when compared to C. mollissima Blume and C. crenata Siebold & Zucc. which has inferior quality but can be used as rootstocks. This work aimed to evaluate the behavior of chestnut varieties grafted in different rootstocks under São Bento do Sapucaí, São Paulo, Brazil condition. In 1986, eleven chestnut cultivars and hybrids - Ibuki (IB), Izumo (IZ), Kinchu (KI), KM1 (KM2), KM(2) KM(2), Moriowase (MO), Okuni (OK), Taishowase (TAI), Tamatsukuri (TAM), Tiodowase (TIO) and Senri (SEN) (only graft) ? were grafted each other resulting in hundred ten combinations. Fifteen-year later grafted trees with minimum of three plants were evaluated for tree height, trunk diameter above and below graft union and graft compatibility. Randomized blocks with three replications were submitted to analysis of variance for tree height and trunk diameter. Grouping analysis using the PROC CLUSTER ? SAS system was used to describe the pattern of variance among different combinations. Seventy eight combinations in hundred ten showed perfect grafting compatibility 6 months after grafting. Forty seven combinations showed incompatibility after transplanting and the dieback rate in each combination ranged from 25 to 100%. Among seventy eight combinations established in the field twenty six had enough plants for evaluation fifteen-year later. Tree height and trunk diameter showed highly significant difference among the combinations. The highest plant (6 m) was grafted on Moriowase and Tamatsukuri which showed the highest compatibility as rootstock. The harvesting season is from November to May where MOR, IB, TAM, OK and TAI behave as early-season-cultivar and SEN the latest one.

Identification of sorghum hybrids with high phenotypic stability using GGE biplot methodology.

The aim of this study was to identify sorghum hybrids that have both high yield and phenotypic stability in Brazilian environments. Seven trials were conducted between February and March 2011. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with 25 treatments and three replicates...

Evaluation of floral characteristics of melon hybrids (Cucumis melo l.) in pollinator attractiveness.

Floral morphology and biology are important characteristics for plant-pollinator interactions and may influence the behavior of these agents. This study aimed to determine which floral attributes of different melon hybrids influence this interaction and, consequently, their attractiveness in simultaneous crops. The study was conducted in the region of Petrolina, State of Pernambuco (PE)/Juazeiro, State of Bahia (BA) and Mossoró, State of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), in areas with the following melon hybrids: Yellow type, Piel de Sapo, Cantaloupe and Galia. For studies on floral morphology and biology, hermaphrodites and male flowers of each hybrid were analyzed for their size and nectar chamber size, pollen and nectar production, anthesis time and flower lifespan. Floral visitors were observed simultaneously in hybrids of three types of melon, from 5:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., in the two study sites. Evaluations of the corolla diameter and flower height indicated that the hermaphrodite flowers were larger in size than male flowers in all types of melon investigated, in both study sites. As for nectar chamber, male flowers are larger in width, but smaller in height, compared to hermaphrodite flowers. Regarding the volume of nectar, differences were found between floral types for the hybrids evaluated, in the two study sites; the hermaphrodite flowers produced 2-7 times more nectar than male flowers in all studied hybrids. Observations of visits of Apis mellifera to areas with simultaneous flowering of the three types of melon demonstrated differences in the frequency of visits between hybrids, floral type and foraged resource. Flowers of the hybrids Piel de Sapo and Cantaloupe exhibited larger corolla diameter, larger dimensions of the nectar chamber and greater supply of resources for foraging, which could explain the higher number of visits of bees to their flowers in the sites studied.

Bunch yield of interspecific hybrids of American oil palm with oil palm in the juvenile phase.

To identify superior genotypes, 42 progenies of interspecific hybrids between American oil palm and oil palm were evaluated in an area with incidence of bud rot. The following variables were assessed: total bunch yield (TBY), number of bunches (NB) and mean bunch weight (MBW) from the third to the sixth year of cultivation and estimates of genetic parameters obtained by REML/BLUP procedures.

Quick method for identifying horse (Equus caballus) and donkey (Equus asinus) hybrids.

2016

Heritability and variability of bromatological traits evaluated in Panicum maximum hybrids in the Western Amazon.

The knowledge of the genetic parameters of bromatological traits in forages is essential to support the selection of genotypes that will be released as new cultivars. The objectives of this study were to estimate the heritability coefficients and verify the existence of genetic variability of bromatological traits in Panicum maximum hybrids, evaluated in the Western Amazon in different harvests over the year.

Interspecific hybrids between Paspalum plicatulum and P. oteroi: a key tool for forage breeding.

2016

Caracteres agronômicos de híbridos de girassol em Campo Novo do Parecis, na segunda safra de verão de 2015.

RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar características agronômicos durante o desenvolvimento de híbridos de girassol cultivados na região de Campo Novo do Parecis - MT. O ensaio foi instalado e conduzido,entre os meses de fevereiro ejunho de 2015, na área experimental do setor de produção do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso - IFMT Campus Campo Novo do Parecis - MT, cujas coordenadas geográficas são latitude S 13°40'31" longitude O 57°53'31" e altitude média de 574 m. O solo predominante é Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com 13 tratamentos (híbridos) e 4 repetições, totalizando um total de 52 parcelas. Foram avaliadas as seguintes características agronômicas do girassol: dias para o florescimento inicial, dias para a maturação fisiológica, altura de planta, curvatura do caule, número de plantas acamadas, número de plantas quebradas e produtividade de aquênios. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste de média Scott-Knott (p<0,05). O híbrido BRS G44 apresentou híbrido BRS G44 apresentou bom rendimento, ciclo precoce e porte baixo, nas condições de segunda safra de verão em Campo Novo do Parecis (MT) . Assim, este híbrido se torna boa opção para o cultivo de girassol na região. ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate agronomic characteristics for the development of sunflower hybrids grown in the region of Campo Novo do Parecis - MT. The experiment was carried out and conducted between the months of February to June 2015 in the experimental area of the production sector of the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso, - IFMT, Campo Novo do Parecis - MT (latitude S 13°40'31" longitude W 57°53'31" and average altitude of 574 m). The predominant soil is Typic Tropudox. The experimental design was randomized blocks with 13 treatments (hybrids) and four repetitions, resulting in 52 plots. The sunflower agronomic traits evaluated were: days to initial flowering, days to physiological maturity, plant height, stem curvature, number of lodged plants, number of broken plants and achenes productivity. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and average test Scott-Knott (p<0.05). The hybrid BRS G44 showed good yield, early maturity and low height in second summer crop conditions in Campo Novo do Parecis (MT). Thus, this hybrid is a good option for sunflower cultivation in the region.