Flowering synchronization in hybrid rice parental lines.

The cultivation of hybrid rice is a technology that allows for an increase in grain yield of 30% relative to the grain yield of conventional cultivars. However, the main challenge for this technology is related to seed production, which has high production costs and low seed yields. Therefore, agronomic techniques that could enhance flowering synchrony of parental lines in the field are essential for an efficient production system of hybrid rice seeds. The objective of this work was to study the effects of sowing depth, plant density and fertilization with nitrogen or phosphorus as potential techniques to increase the pollen availability in the field and, consequently, the flowering synchrony between parental lines in the production of hybrid rice seeds. The experiments were conducted during two growing seasons in the Central Region of Brazil. All of the experiments were conducted as a randomized complete block in a split plot scheme; however, the experiment with P fertilization had a factorial design. Our research allow inferring that nitrogen fertilization technique applied to the soil or foliar at the time of panicle differentiation does not affect the time of onset of flowering of rice varieties INTA Puitá CL and L106R, which are potential R lines for the production of hybrid rice. Agronomic techniques of variation in sowing depth, seeding rate and the phosphate fertilization affect the time of onset of flowering from 10 to 19 degree-days, which could represent two days in the crop cycle, for the line L106R. Such techniques constitute potential alternatives for use in hybrid rice seed production systems and could be applied in alternated blocks of R lines in the field to obtain longer periods of pollen availability in the field.

Development of super early genotypes for the dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) as affected by nitrogen management.

The super early genotypes (SEG) of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) have a shorter life cycle (65-75 days) when compared with the season length of traditional cultivars (90-100 days). Timing of nitrogen top-dressing fertilization could be different because of this reduction in length of the SEG life cycle. This study aimed at characterizing, by using growth analysis and vegetation index, super early genotypes of dry bean development as affected by timing of nitrogen application. Field experiments were conducted in the 2014 and 2015 growing seasons in central Brazil with a randomized block experimental design with split plots scheme and four replicates. The plots comprised the dry bean genotypes (Colibri ? check cultivar, CNFC 15873, CNFC 15874, and CNFC 15875), and subplots comprised applications of N at different timings: 90 kg of N at sowing, 90 kg N at top-dressing; 45 kg of N at sowing plus 45 kg at top-dressing, with urea as the source of N. We also used a control treatment without N application. The CNFC 15874 super early genotype of dry bean had the higher grain yield (2776 kg ha-1) and differed from the CNFC 15873 genotype (2492 kg ha-1). Nitrogen fertilization allowed higher grain yield (2619 kg ha-1, when applied N at sowing, 2605 kg ha-1, when applied N at sowing and at top-dressing, and 2680 kg ha-1, when applied N at top-dressing) than the control, 2360 kg ha-1 (no N fertilization). The time of N fertilization in super early genotype of dry bean did not affect grain yield.

Growth, nutrient accumulation in leaves and grain yield of super early genotypes of common bean.

There is a lack of researches that evaluate the development and nutrient accumulation in super early genotypes of common bean for the elaboration of fertilization programs. This study aimed at characterizing the development; N, P, K, Ca and Mg accumulation by leaves; grain yield; and yield components of super early genotypes of common bean. Field experiments were conducted in a randomized blocks design, with four replications. The treatments consisted of the IPR Colibri (control), CNFC 15873, CNFC 15874 and CNFC 15875 genotypes. Plants were sampled throughout the common bean development, being divided into leaves, stems and pods. After determining the dry matter, the contents of N, P, K, Ca and Mg accumulated in leaves were estimated. At harvesting, the grain yield and yield components were evaluated. The biomass accumulation in stems and leaves occurred until the flowering stage, and then it started in the pods until harvesting. The genotypes that absorbed more nitrogen and phosphorus had a higher grain yield. The average growing season of super early genotypes was 70 days (winter) and 63 days (summer). CNFC 15874 was the most productive genotype in the winter, with grain yield similar to the IPR Colibri cultivar (control). In the summer, CNFC 15873 and CNFC 15875 achieved grain yield similar to the IPR Colibri cultivar.

Transaction costs in an association of organic farmers in Goiania, Brazil.

This study aimed to analyse the transaction costs of an association of organic farmers located in Goiania, Goias state, Brazil. We analysed the marketing and organisation relations based on data collected at the Association for the Development of Organic Farming in Goias state (ADAO/GO).

Desenvolvimento e validação de métodos para a determinação de agrotóxicos em água e solo das áreas de recarga de Aquífero Guarani, na região das nascentes do Rio Araguaia, MT/GO.

Abstract: The area near the Araguaia River, between Goiás and Mato Grosso States, is the location of a portion of the recharging of the Guarani Aquifer, which is one of the world¿s largest aquifer systems and an important source of drinking water. This reservoir could be threatened by the widespread use of pesticides in maize and soybean cultivation in this area. Thus, this work developed analytical methods for the determination of imazethapyr, nicosulfuron, imazaquin, carbofuran, atrazine, linuron, clorimuronethyl and diflubenzuron, pesticides used in maize and soybean cultivation. Pesticide separation, identification and quantification were performed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detection (HPLC-DAD) and Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) with C18 sorbents was optimized for sample extraction from water. Soil samples were extracted by mechanical shaking, sonication or microwave-assisted extraction with industrial and home microwave ovens. Methods were validated resulting in limits of quantification (LOQ) for the pesticides in water in the range of 0.015-0.1 ng mL, using SPE-HPLC-DAD, and 0.01 ng mL using LC-ESI-MS/MS. LOQ of 1 ng mL for all pesticides in soil were achieved using the home microwave oven and LC-ESI-MS/MS. Recoveries for pesticides with all methods were in the range 70-120 %. Relative standard deviations for repeatability and intermediate precision were less than 15 %. SPEHPLC- DAD and LC-ESI-MS/MS were employed for the analysis of samples of water from the recharge area and most of the pesticides were detected at concentrations below the minimum residue limit (MRL) of 0.1 ng mL established by the European Community. The home microwave oven and LC-ESI-MS/MS were used for the analysis of soil samples from two other regions of Brazil and the pesticides were not detected in these samples. Adsorption and desorption parameters were determined for imazethapyr, imazaquin, nicosulfuron and chlorimuron-ethyl, indicating that these pesticides have little affinity for the soil of the region of the Guarani Aquifer recharge, and show significant leaching potential, according to the ground water ubiquity score (GUS index) for these pesticides.

Avaliação socioambiental da diversificação produtiva e adoção de boas práticas de produção leiteira em pequena propriedade familiar em Piracanjuba (GO).

O presente trabalho refere-se a uma Avaliação Socioambiental realizada pela Embrapa Meio Ambiente em parceria com a Cooperativa Agropecuária Mista de Piracanjuba (COAPIL),como parte de um projeto de Gestão Ambiental da Produção Leiteira na Região Centro-Sul desenvolvido pela Universidade Católica de Goiás (UCG). Esta avaliação resultou da aplicação do Sistema Base de Avaliação e Eco-Certificação de Atividades Rurais (Eco-cert.Rural) na diversificação produtiva e na adoção de boas práticas de produção em uma pequena propriedade familiar no município de Piracanjuba/GO. Para tanto, foi realizada no dia 21 de Fevereiro de 2008, uma entrevista/vistoria com o acompanhamento do proprietário para a avaliação dos indicadores de desempenho socioambiental das atividades praticada na propriedade. O Sistema Eco-cert.Rural consiste de um conjunto de planilhas eletrônicas (plataforma MS-Excel) construídas para a avaliação do desempenho ecológico e socioambiental de uma dada atividade rural, considerando seus impactos ecológicos, econômicos e sociais. O sistema compõe-se de duas dimensões (Ecológica e Socioambiental)considerando sete aspectos essenciais de avaliação: i. Uso de Insumos e Recursos, ii. Qualidade Ambiental, iii. Respeito ao Consumidor, iv. Emprego, v. Renda, vi. Saúde e vii. Gestão e Administração, que são expressos por vinte e quatro indicadores e cento e vinte cinco componentes. O resultado final desta avaliação consiste no Índice de Desempenho da Atividade, que foi de 1,41 (de uma escala que varia de ?15 a +15) no estabelecimento estudado mostrando uma tendência positiva no manejo praticado no estabelecimento.

Recovery of degraded areas due to nickel mining by using native species of Brazilian Savannah, Barro Alto, GO.

2016

Comportamento de nutrientes em solos frágeis sob cultivo de cana-de-açúcar na região de Mineiros, GO.

2015

Identificação e mapeamento de solos frágeis no Município de Mineiros, GO.

2015

Sorção e dessorção do imazetapir em solo de áreas adjacentes ao Aquífero Guarani (Mineiros/GO).

2008

Produção de alface americana em função da adubação nitrogenada nas condições de primavera em Jataí-GO.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de duas fontes de nitrogênio (ureia e NovaTec®) na produção da alface americana, nas condições de primavera, em Jataí-GO. Foram utilizadas mudas da cultivar de alface americana Lucy Brown, sendo avaliadas as características: massa fresca total e comercial, número de folhas, diâmetro e comprimento de caule. Verificou-se que todas as características avaliadas foram influenciadas pela adubação com ureia enquanto que NovaTec® influenciou apenas o comprimento de caule e as massas fresca total e comercial. A dose de 61 kg ha-1 de ureia em cobertura, proporcionou a maior massa fresca comercial.

Modelos screening e simulação de sistemas aplicados à avaliação de risco de contaminação da água por agrotóxicos em áreas de cultivo de soja, milho e arroz: estudo de caso nas nascentes do Rio Araguaia, região de Mineiros, GO, e na microbacia do arroio Jacaguá, região de Alegrete, RS.

2008

Levantamento pedológico das áreas de afloramento do Aqüífero Guarani na região das nascentes do Rio Araguaia, GO/MT.

2008

Procedimentos analíticos e avaliação da presença de herbicidas em áreas de recarga do aqüífero Guarani na região das nascentes do rio Araguaia, MT/GO.

2008

Realidade socioeconômica das propriedades rurais na região das nascentes do Rio Araguaia, GO/MT.

2008