Nodulation, gas exchanges and production of peanut cultivated with Bradyrhizobium in soils with different textures.

Nitrogen fertilization from biological source is an uncommon practice for peanut growers due to the limited results, mainly in environments with water restriction. In this study, the response of a commercial Bradyrhizobium was evaluated on the nodulation and production of peanuts grown in sandy and medium textured soils. Two experiments using different soils were carried out in the field during the dry season, in Campina Grande, Paraíba State, Brazil. Three peanut genotypes were submitted to the following treatments: 1-no nitrogen fertilization (control), 2- chemical fertilization (ammonium sulfate) and 3- inoculation with Bradyrhizobium [commercial strain BR 1405 (SEMIA 6144)]. A completely randomized 3x3 factorial design was adopted with five repetitions for both experiments. The evaluates variables were: height of the main stem, number of nodes/plant, root length, root dry weight, weight of pods/plant and number of pods/plant. In addition, gas exchanges were estimated using IRGA apparatus. Both genotypes (BRS Havana and L7 Bege) were benefited in relation to production due to an inoculation with SEMIA 6144. No physiological response was verified in genotypes or N-treatments to gas exchange, excepting for the Ci/Ca ratio in the medium textured soil experiment. BRS Havana showed low Ci/Ca ratio in Bradyrhizobium treatment, indicating that SEMIA 6144 improved the plants photosynthetic efficiency.

Análise espacial do potencial de lixiviação de herbicidas em áreas de afloramento do aqüífero Guarani na Alta Bacia do Rio Taquari, MS.

2008

Determinação de período para solarização do solo na região de Campinas/SP.

Foram avaliadas as temperaturas do solo solarizado ou não, na profundidade de 10 cm, em intervalos de 10 minutos, durante o período de: julho/92 a junho/93. A temperatura máxima foi obtida às 16:00 hs, durante o período de coleta de dados, para os dois tratamentos. As diferenças médias de temperaturas, is 16:00 hs, entre o solo solarizado e não solarizado foram maiores que 8°C de setembro/92 a março/93. No mesmo período, as médias das Palavras-chave: Patógenos do solo, controle, plástico, temperatura. temperaturas máximas mensais obtidas no solo solarizado foram superiores a 41 °C. O número de horas acumuladas com temperaturas superiores a 45°C no solo solarizado foi de 6, 23 e 22 hs nos meses de novembro/92, dezembro/ 92 e janeiro/93, respectivamente. Os resultados indicam que a solarização deve ser realizada, preferencialmente, entre os meses de setembro a março.