Rice grain yield as affected by grain-producing cover crops in Cabo Delgado, Mozambique.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the production of biomass and grain cover crops, yield components, and grain yield of rice in Mozambique. The study was conducted in two sites located in the province of Cabo Delgado, in Mozambique.

Materia orgânica e inoculação com Azospirillum na incorporação de N pelo milho

1982

Fertilizers with coated urea in upland rice production and nitrogen apparent recovery.

Urea is the most used N fertilizer for upland rice, however, a great percentage of N loss can occur with the use of this fertilizer. The use of products that provide reduction of N loss for urea fertilizers can contribute to increase N use efficiency. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of N rates applied in the form of coated urea in the content and accumulation of N in dry biomass, apparent recovery of nitrogen and grain yield of upland rice. The experimental design was a randomized complete blocks arranged in a 4 x 3 + 1 factorial scheme. The treatments consisted of four sources of N fertilizer [1. Common urea; 2. Polymer-coated urea for slow release of N (PCU); 3. urea with the urease inhibitor N-(n-Butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT); and 4. urea coated with copper sulfate and boric acid as urease inhibitors (UCCB)], with three fertilization rates (30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1 of N). In addition, we included a control treatment without N application. Coated urea did not provide increases in rice grain yield in relation to common urea. The increasing amount of N resulted in significant increases in rice grain yield (from 3217 to 5548 kg ha-1, 2010/11, and from 3392 to 4560 kg ha-1, 2011/12). The apparent nitrogen recovery rate decreased with the increase in N applied doses.

Expression of rice genes homologous of Arabidopsis genes previously related to drought tolerance.

The identification and validation of candidate genes related to traits of interest is a time consuming and expensive process and the homology among genes from different species can facilitate the identification of genes of the target species from the genomic information of a model species. This study aimed to quantify the expression of homologous rice genes previously related to drought tolerance in Arabidopsis. Five genes (CPK6, PLDa, GluR2, CesA8, and EIN2) were identified in rice by the homology of the amino acid sequence between rice and Arabidopsis. The genotypes Douradão (drought tolerant) and Primavera (drought susceptible) were subjected to a water deficit experiment, and subsequently evaluated for gene expression by qPCR for the five homologous and Lsi1 genes. The qPCR analysis clearly showed that the five homologous genes were expressed in rice, which is an indication that these genes could preserve their function in rice as a response to drought. In Douradão, of the five homologous genes, all but OsGluR2 displayed an increase in the average expression in drought treatment when compared to the control, while in Primavera, the average expression of the five genes did not differ between the control and drought treatment. In Douradão, the OsPLDa1, which showed the higher expression level in drought in relation to the control (10.82), significantly increased the gene expression in the leaf and root tissues as a response to drought, in both vegetative and reproductive stages, whereas in Primavera, this gene was suppressed in both tissues and stages under drought. Therefore, the OsPLDa1 gene was the most important in relation to drought response and is an interesting candidate for further studies in developing rice cultivars that are more tolerant to this stress.

Análise da estratégia de melhoramento do arroz ciclo curto em função dos estresses hídricos para Goiás.

Esse trabalho tem como objetivos: Determinar as variações geográficas e inter anual dos padrões de seca para a cultura de arroz ciclo curto em Goiás; Determinar o impacto dos estresses hídricos no rendimento da cultura em Goiás; Proporcionar estratégias que podem melhorar a eficiência do programa de melhoramento

Selectivity of pesticides used in rice crop on Telenomus podisi and Trichogramma pretiosum¹.

2016

Resposta fenotípica de arroz de terras altas ao estresse de fósforo no solo.

Avaliaram-se, neste trabalho, em condições de baixo e alto teor de fósforo (P) no solo, 51 linhagens de arroz provenientes do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma da Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, com o objetivo de identificar indicadores de eficiência no uso de P e linhagens com eficiência diferenciada no uso desse nutriente. O índice de eficiência do uso de fósforo mostrou ser mais adequado que a produtividade em baixo teor de fósforo no solo, na avaliação da eficiência diferenciada das linhagens no uso do P. Três linhagens, CNA 4634, CNA 4120 e CNA 3178, apresentam bom comportamento produtivo, tanto em alto como em baixo teor de P no solo e 22 mostraram bom comportamento produtivo em alto teor de P no solo; entretanto, não foram eficientes no aproveitamento de baixo P disponível no solo enquanto as demais foram desconsideradas em razão de indicarem baixo comportamento produtivo sob boa disponibilidade de P.

Rice development and water demand under drought stress imposed at distinct growth stages.

2016