Crescimento de andirobeira em monocultivo e em sistema agroflorestal no município de Rio Branco, Acre.

Esse estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito dos sistemas de cultivo (monocultivo e sistema agroflorestal) no crescimento de plantas de andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aubl). O experimento foi instalado na área experimental da Embrapa Acre em Rio Branco; sendo o sistema agroflorestal composto por andiroba; açaizeiro; cafeeiro e bananeira. A avaliação de crescimento do açaizeiro foi efetuada anualmente, por um período de seis anos, onde as variáveis mensuradas foram: altura total, diâmetro do colo e diâmetro da copa. Posteriormente, obtiveram-se as médias de cada sistema de cultivo e testou-se equações de regressão que melhor se ajustavam as curvas de crescimento. A andiroba apresentou maior crescimento, para todas as variáveis estudadas, quando cultivada em sistema agroflorestal; o que indica que a mesma pode ser uma espécie promissora como componente desses sistemas.

Evolution of methodology for the study of adaptability and stability in cultivated species.

The GxE interaction only became widely discussed from evolutionary studies and evaluations of the causes of behavioral changes of species cultivated in environments. In the last 60 years, several methodologies for the study of adaptability and stability of genotypes in multiple environments trials were developed in order to assist the breeder's choice regarding which genotypes are more stable and which are the most suitable for the crops in the most diverse environments. The methods that use linear regression analysis were the first to be used in a general way by breeders, followed by multivariate analysis methods and mixed models. The need to identify the genetic and environmental causes that are behind the GxE interaction led to the development of new models that include the use of covariates and which can also include both multivariate methods and mixed modeling. However, further studies are needed to identify the causes of GxE interaction as well as for the more accurate measurement of its effects on phenotypic expression of varieties in competition trials carried out in genetic breeding programs.