Frequency of metabolic syndrome in women treated at the Menopause Clinic of the “Dr. José Eleuterio González” University Hospital of the UANL in Northeastern Mexico

Objectives: To determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients with menopause, and to compare the incidence of MS between surgical and natural menopause. Methods: This was an observational, longitudinal, descriptive, retrospective, unblinded study of cases seen at the Menopause Clinic of the University Hospital “Dr. José eleuterio González” of the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León from March 2009 to December 2011. The frequency of MS was determined based on Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII) classiication. Results: at the end of the study, 391 patients were evaluated. The mean age was 50.1 years. We found a frequency of MS of 38.1%, the risk factor most often found was low HDL cholesterol (62.5%), followed by obesity (46.5%), hypercholesterolemia (42.3%), hyperglycemia (11.5%), and hypertension (7.7%). The incidence of natural and surgical menopause was 37.6% vs. 39.2% respectively; however, the result was not statistically signiicant (p = 0.093). Conclusions: Patients with menopause are at increased risk of developing MS. it is important to detect MS early in this of patients, when they have one risk factor to avoid complications which may trigger the syndrome. We recommend screening for MS during perimenopause, in order to detect and try to delay it in a timely manner and recommend primary prevention (diet and exercise), or secondary prevention in cases with one or more risk factors.

Frequency of metabolic syndrome in women treated at the Menopause Clinic of the “Dr. José Eleuterio González” University Hospital of the UANL in Northeastern Mexico

Objectives: To determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients with menopause, and to compare the incidence of MS between surgical and natural menopause. Methods: This was an observational, longitudinal, descriptive, retrospective, unblinded study of cases seen at the Menopause Clinic of the University Hospital “Dr. José eleuterio González” of the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León from March 2009 to December 2011. The frequency of MS was determined based on Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII) classiication. Results: at the end of the study, 391 patients were evaluated. The mean age was 50.1 years. We found a frequency of MS of 38.1%, the risk factor most often found was low HDL-cholesterol (62.5%), followed by obesity (46.5%), hypercholesterolemia (42.3%), hyperglycemia (11.5%), and hypertension (7.7%). The incidence of natural and surgical menopause was 37.6% vs. 39.2% respectively; however, the result was not statistically signiicant (p = 0.093). Conclusions: Patients with menopause are at increased risk of developing MS. it is important to detect MS early in this of patients, when they have one risk factor to avoid complications which may trigger the syndrome. We recommend screening for MS during perimenopause, in order to detect and try to delay it in a timely manner and recommend primary prevention (diet and exercise), or secondary prevention in cases with one or more risk factors.

Resiliencia, relaciones intrafamiliares y consumo de drogas en adolescentes de bachillerato técnico

Propósito y método del estudio: El propósito del estudio fue identificar la relación de las características de resiliencia, las relaciones intrafamiliares y el consumo de drogas lícitas e ilícitas en los adolescentes de bachillerato del área metropolitana de Nuevo León. El diseño del estudio fue descriptivo, correlacional. El tamaño de la muestra fue de 561 participantes, la cual fue estimada con una potencia 90%, nivel de confianza de .05, para una hipótesis bilateral, correlación alternativa de r= .16. El muestreo fue irrestricto aleatorio, estratificado por semestre y carrera, con asignación proporcional al tamaño del estrato (12 estratos), dentro de cada estrato se usó el muestreo por conglomerados (grupos) unietápico. Se utilizaron los instrumentos: Escala de Resiliencia (Wagnild & Young 1993), la Escala de Relaciones Intrafamiliares (Rivera-Heredia et al., 2006), Prueba de Identificación de Trastornos por Uso de Alcohol [AUDIT] (De la Fuente & Kershenobich, 1992) y por último el Consumo de alcohol, tabaco y drogas del Cuestionario de Estudiantes (Villatoro et. al., 2009). Contribución y Conclusión: Respecto al tipo de consumo de alcohol, se reporta que el 38.0% presenta un consumo sensato, 29% dependiente y el 33.0% dañino. De acuerdo a la prevalencia alguna vez en la vida el 46.2% y el 60.1% consumió tabaco y alcohol respectivamente, el 15.9%, el 5.0% y 4.6% consumieron mariguana, inhalables y cocaína respectivamente. En los últimos 12 meses el 28.3% y 43.7% consumieron tabaco y alcohol, 10.9%, 1.6% y el 1.4% consumieron mariguana, inhalables y cocaína. En los últimos 30 días el 18.2% y el 25% consumió alcohol y tabaco, el 8.6% consumió mariguana y el 0.7% inhalables y cocaína respectivamente. Se encontró una relación negativa y significativa de la ecuanimidad (rs=-.108, p=.010), la perseverancia (rs=-.115, p=.006), relaciones intrafamiliares (rs=-.093, p=.027), apoyo y unión (rs=-.110, p=.009), y en la expresión familiar (rs=-.103, p=.015) con la cantidad de de drogas lícitas consumidas alguna vez en la vida. Además existe una relación negativa y significativa de la resiliencia (rs =-.084, p=.047), ecuanimidad (rs=-.115, p=.007), perseverancia (rs=-.126, p=.003), la satisfacción personal (rs=-.086, p=.043), relaciones intrafamiliares (rs=-.177, p=.001), apoyo y unión (rs=-.152, p=.001), expresión (rs=-.189, p=.001) y dificultades intrafamiliares (rs=-.123, p=.003) con la cantidad de drogas ilícitas consumidas alguna vez en la vida. De acuerdo a las relaciones intrafamiliares, se encontró una relación positiva y significativa con la resiliencia (rs =.338, p=.001)