2 resultados para Urban transportation - Environmental aspects
em Repositorio Académico de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica
Resumo:
La práctica y teorías de la planificación urbana han avanzado históricamente hacia la incorporación de temas y análisis intersectoriales, fundamentalmente aquellos en relación con la base territorial y el ambiente. En materia de zonificación urbana se han hecho esfuerzos por incorporar la variable ambiental a la planificación urbana. El presente artículo hace un recuento general de la evolución del concepto de zonificación tradicional hacia la zonificación ambiental territorial, la macrozonificación y la zonificación por rendimiento. Finalmente plantea el acercamiento metodológico planteado como parte de la estrategia de la Fase III del Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Urbano de Costa Rica en relación con la macrozonificación por rendimiento, como ejemplo de la puesta en práctica de las más recientes herramientas en la planificación urbano- regional de un Área Metropolitana (PRUGAM). Abstract:The Urban Planning practice and theory has historically developed towards the inclusion of more comprehensive themes and analyses, fundamentally those that are environmentally and territorially related. Within this context, urban zoning has made significant efforts to incorporate the environmental component in planning. The article makes a general account of the evolution of zoning from its traditional form to environmental land zoning, macro zoning and performance zoning. Finally it establishes the Costa Rica’s National Urban Development Plan methodological approach for its phase III with regards to performance macro zoning as an example of putting the more recent zoning and planning theories to practice in a regional Plan for a metropolitan area.
Resumo:
Considering the wide implications of global warming it is evident the need, not only of diminishing the energy consumption patterns, but of diversifying to “sustainable” energy resources. Moreover, within the frame of national security, this requires tore-think the managing and use of available resources, because any change of the energy paradigm will depend, at least at the beginning, on fossil energy.Considering the above, the following paper opens a discussion about energy, entropy and the limits of economic growth, following the premises of the school of ecological economics. It offers several empirical data about the situation of the current energy pattern, mostly about its socio-environmental aspects. The paper ends discussing the characteristics and limitations of the main available alternative energies; meanwhile it highlights the relevance of contemporary patterns of territorial organization. It concludes pointing out the inherent need of diminishing the type and rhythm of current energy consumption.