INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND UNIVERSALITY OF READING: CONFLICT OF INTEREST?

It seeks to clarify the issue about the relationship between intellectual property and universality of reading, to understand if it exists or not a conflict of interest. From a synchronic axis crossing, historical, with a diachronic axis, of philosophical: is tracked to explain the deep forces that have shaped the problem arises here. It also explains the legal issue of copyright and property which is closely related to the issue treated here. From all this it follows that underlie the problem of intellectual property is the construction of the Western historical figure of subjectivity, which has led to the role of "author." The author who is credited with authorship of a speech only (work) is a product of social discourse situation that historically has been obscured what has contributed the legal apparatus that protects copyright. What has led to the establishment of an antagonism to the universality of reading. In this paper therefore has not sought to respond to the problem but to make it clear to potential solutions.

Twenty years of the Foundation of the School of Library, Documentation and Information of the National University Intellectual Property in Costa Rica - The information technology environment

This year the School of Library, Documentation and Information is twenty years from its beginning as Unit Library.

CONCERNS REGARDING THE PROTECTION OF COPYRIGHT IN THE INTERNET

The advent of the World Network(Net) Internet and the use of the technology in the digital environment raised new challenges to the author's copyright. These worries were considered in the last international agreements, so that the warning is not true of those who postulate that the Internet is a " territory of nobody ", where the works are unprotected completely. To educate on the topic of the protection of the author's copyright and to provide with resources the instances(authorities) in charge of the observance of these rights looks like an ineluctable task.

LA MONOPOLIZACIÓN DEL CONOCIMIENTO UNIVERSITARIO: “UN ASALTO A LOS VALORES DE LA ACADEMIA”

Resumen Hace  veintisiete años, fue promulgada en los Estados Unidos la ley Bayh-Dohle,  que  permitió a las universidades públicas estadounidenses patentar los resultados de sus investigaciones financiadas con dinero de los impuestos federales de los ciudadanos, acción no autorizada hasta entonces. Los efectos  de esta ley como facilitadora de la transferencia del conocimiento a la industria y  de la obtención de financiamiento privado para las universidades fueron evidentes en sus primeros años.  Sin embargo, el aparente éxito económico conseguido por la ley Bayh-Dole no oscurece de ninguna manera sus efectos negativos que parecen culminar con el desvanecimiento paulatino de los valores más elevados de las universidades y el acorralamiento de una parte importante de los bienes comunes de la mente. En este trabajo se presentan algunos testimonios y evidencias sobre dichos efectos en países que ya  tienen experiencias en este campo.  Primero se desmitifican las razones para impulsar esas “políticas de propiedad intelectual” que resultan ser simplemente un proceso de privatización y monopolización del conocimiento. Se concluye  con el esbozo de algunas acciones de emergencia si no queremos no sólo desproteger el conocimiento común producido en los nichos académicos,  sino también poner en peligro la razón de ser de las universidades públicas.   Abstract Twenty seven years ago, the Law Bay-Dohle was enforced, allowing public universities from the United States to patent  research financed  with federal taxes.  This was not permitted before.  The effects of this law, as a facilitator to transfer knowledge to industry and to obtain private finance to universities were evident was evident in its first years. Nontheless, the apparent economical success obtained by the Bay-Dohle law does not hide its negative effects that seem to reach its hight with the loss of the most elevated university values and the enclosure of an important part of commons of the mind. This paper presents some testimonies and evidence of these effects in those countries that have experience in this area.  First of all the previous reasons to stimulate these policies of intellectual property are just but a myth; they turn out to be a simple process of privatization and monopolization of knowledge.  It concludes with a sketch of some emergency actions if we  want not only to really not protect knowledge in the academic niches but also put at risk the being of public universities