Fiesta e imaginería cívica: la memoria de la estatuaria de las celebraciones patrias costarricenses, 1876-1921

ResumenEste artículo se encarga de estudiar las develaciones de estatuas que se dieron en Costa Rica durante las fiestas patrias de la independencia, en un periodo ubicado entre 1876 y 1921. Su objetivo fundamental consiste en comprender la forma en que se seleccionó un cierto pasado político, y las estrategias discursivas que se utilizaron para fomentarlo y representarlo a través de la estatuaria. Así, inspecciona las discusiones que se dieron en torno de la elección de los personajes históricos que se iban a seleccionar para ser convertidos en estatuas públicas, y el papel de las representaciones en la elaboración de una memoria oficial.AbstractThis article intends to study the unveiling of statues carried out during the national independence celebrations between 1876 and 1921. Its fundamental purpose is to understand how a certain political period from the past was chosen, as well as the discourse strategies used for promoting and representing it through statuary activities. Therefore, it assesses the discussions that arose in relation with the selection of historical characters that were to be sculpted as public statues, and the role played by the representatives in the preparation of an official memory.

Exportadores y consignatarios del café costarricense a finales del siglo XIX.

ResumenEste artículo analiza las transformaciones que sufrieron los exportadores y consignatarios en la cadena de comercialización del café de Costa Rica a finales del siglo XIX. Además se hace énfasis en cuáles estrategias de competitividad utilizó el sector cafetalero para mantenerse y extender su participación en el mercado internacional y la vulnerabilidad de las empresas comerciales ante la crisis de precios mundiales del café al caer el siglo XIX.AbstractThis article intends to study the unveiling of statues carried out during the national independence celebrations between 1876 and 1921. Its fundamental purpose is to understand how a certain political period from the past was chosen, as well as the discourse strategies used for promoting and representing it through statuary activities. Therefore, it assesses the discussions that arose in relation with the selection of historical characters that were to be sculpted as public statues, and the role played by the representatives in the preparation of an official memory.

EL TURISMO Y LA CONVIVENCIA COMUNAL EN UN ÁREA RURAL-COSTERA

En el presente artículo el lector podrá encontrar algunos aspectos  relacionados  con el turismo como actividad económica y su expresión concreta en las comunidades de Tambor y Montezuma de Cóbano, provincia de Puntarenas, Costa Rica. Pero además y es la parte fundamental del mismo se hace referencia aquí al impacto que ha tenido este sector en la convivencia comunal y cotidianidad de esas comunidades. Este impacto se analiza en tres dimensiones específicas: la socioeconómica, la cultural y la ambiental. En síntesis y como producto de los efectos del turismo, la zona analizada sufre una transformación importante que engloba la convivencia comunal; convivencia que en sus manifestaciones generales coincide en cierta medida con el contexto nacional y mundial, pero que también tiene su particularidad. En este sentido, se nota una re-dimensión en la individualidad de actor y sector social, pero además en la totalidad de la convivencia comunal. Esta re-dimensión, si bien es producto de actividades económicas  de sistemas productivos y de nuevas estrategias de desarrollo globalizantes, se manifiesta en lo social, en lo cultural y en la relación sociedad naturaleza ó ambiente a nivel local, como un producto más divertido de la actividad turística.   Abstract: This paper discusses the effects of the tourism industry in the communities of Tambor and Montezuma, Cobano, province of Puntarenas, Costa Rica. If focuses in the impact and tourism in peoples everyday life from on three- fold perspective: socio-economic, cultural and evironmental. Regarding the impact of tourism in the socioeconomic dimensión the study revels an important change in the labor market, which was traditionally related to farming and fishing, now oriented to the production of goods and services for tourists and other economic activities take place in medium and small scales and involve men and women, Young  and adults. They generate different social and interpersonal relations, which contribute to change comunal daily coexistence. In the cultural discussion tourism had changed daily like in these communities and patterns of social coexistence. Among the most significant changes are customs and holidays, clothing styles, the loss of traditional forms of communication, the beginning of different ways of dialoging and new relationships among neighbors, and even of the way people talk and how and whit they eat. In relation to the environment the new ways to relate to nature and of trying to manage and handle the natural resources the awareness and the new attitude in regard to the environmental situation, as well as the wormiest for conservation. For having clean and healthy surroundings, among others, had the collective levels. To summarize as a result of the effects of tourism an important transformation is talking place in the communities under study that coincides with the national and global context to a certain extent, but to also has its own particularities. In this sense, it is noticeable a re-definition of the individuality of each actor and social sector and in the totality of the communal identify as well. Eventhough that redefinition is the result of economic activities, of economic systems and new globalized developmental strategies, also effects in the social and cultural aspects and in the relation men-nature in a local level.