Journalismus im Umbruch : Wikimedia, Bürgerjournalismus und 'Open News'

Indem sie Informationen zusammenstellt, sortiert und aktualisiert, betreibt die Wikipedia eine Form der Nachrichtenkuration. Besonders daran ist aber nicht allein, dass nicht Journalisten die Inhalte produzieren, sondern dass ein Kollektiv aus "Produtzern" dahintersteht: Der Nutzer wird zum Produzenten.

Abstimmen oder Schwimmen? Plebiszitarer Sport und synchronisierte Wahlen. [Sink or swim: Plebiscitary sport and synchronised voting.][In German]

This chapter starts from the observation that new sporting attributes are growing up unnoticed in popular entertainment and ‘reality’ TV. They celebrate not individual heroics but spectator-oriented teamwork which must look effortless and stylish. Instead of objective measurements – ‘faster, higher, stronger’ – winners are picked by voting and consumer choice. Sport and media are converging and integrating. As they do so, what counts as sport, why it is valued, and what it symbolises for contemporary culture, are all changing. I take these changes to be emblematic of something emergent in the culture at large as the modernist paradigm shifts towards a new consumerist paradigm. This is symbolised in new sports, of which the paradigm example is synchronised swimming. The chapter traces these changes via the career and legacy of the Australian swimming and fashion pioneer Annette Kellerman.

Comparing international television news : the case of violence presentation in Germany, Great Britain and Russia -- [in German : Gewalt in internationalen Fernsehnachrichten - eine komparative Analyse medialer Gewaltpräsentation in Deutschland, Großbritannien und Russland]

This is an important book that ought to launch a debate about how we research our understanding of the world, it is an innovative intervention in a vital public issue, and it is an elegant and scholarly hard look at what is actually happening. Jean Seaton, Prof of Media History, U of Westminster, UK & Official Historian of the BBC -- Summary: This book investigates the question of how comparative studies of international TV news (here: on violence presentation) can best be conceptualized in a way that allows for crossnational, comparative conclusions on an empirically validated basis. This book shows that such a conceptualization is necessary in order to overcome existing restrictions in the comparability of international analysis on violence presentation. Investigated examples include the most watched news bulletins in Great Britain (10o'clock news on the BBC), Germany (Tagesschau on ARD) and Russia (Vremja on Channel 1). This book highlights a substantial cross-national violence news flow as well as a cross-national visual violence flow (key visuals) as distinct transnational components. In addition, event-related textual analysis reveals how the historical rootedness of nations and its symbols of power are still manifested in televisual mediations of violence. In conclusion, this study lobbies for a conscientious use of comparative data/analysis both in journalism research and practice in order to understand what it may convey in the different arenas of today’s newsmaking.

African Burkitt Lymphoma: Age-Specific Risk and Correlations with Malaria Biomarkers

African Burkitt lymphoma is an aggressive B-cell, non-Hodgkin lymphoma linked to Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Malaria biomarkers related to onset of African Burkitt lymphoma are unknown. We correlated age-specific patterns of 2,602 cases of African Burkitt lymphoma (60% male, mean ± SD age = 7.1 ± 2.9 years) from Uganda, Ghana, and Tanzania with malaria biomarkers published from these countries. Age-specific patterns of this disease and mean multiplicity of P. falciparum malaria parasites, defined as the average number of distinct genotypes per positive blood sample based on the merozoite surface protein-2 assessed by polymerase chain reaction, were correlated and both peaked between 5 and 9 years. This pattern, which was strong and consistent across regions, contrasted parasite prevalence, which peaked at 2 years and decreased slightly, and geometric mean parasite density, which peaked between 2 and 3 years and decreased sharply. Our findings suggest that concurrent infection with multiple malaria genotypes may be related to onset of African Burkitt lymphoma.

Bewegungsförderung : evidenzen und perspektiven

Angesichts der gut dokumentierten gesundheitlichen Konsequenzen körperlicher Inaktivität besteht ein wachsendes Interesse an der Förderung regelmäßiger körperlicher Aktivität und an entsprechenden Interventionen. Die wissenschaftliche Evidenz hinsichtlich der Effektivität von Interventionen zur Änderung des körperlichen Aktivitätsverhaltens Erwachsener lässt sich anhand der Ergebnisse randomisierter Kontrolluntersuchungen einschätzen. Interventionsansätze zur Förderung der körperlichen Aktivität lassen sich dabei voneinander unterschieden in: • Individuumsbezogene Interventionen • Bevölkerungsbezogene Interventionen Die nachfolgende Zusammenfassung bietet einen ersten Überblick über die Evidenzlage zu beiden Ansätzen. Vorliegende Forschungsergebnisse werden miteinander verglichen und die forschungsbezogenen sowie praktischen Stärken, aber auch Schwächen der entsprechenden Interventionsansätze werden aufgezeigt.