A New Genetic Algorithm for Set Covering Problems

An indirect genetic algorithm for the non-unicost set covering problem is presented. The algorithm is a two-stage meta-heuristic, which in the past was successfully applied to similar multiple-choice optimisation problems. The two stages of the algorithm are an ‘indirect’ genetic algorithm and a decoder routine. First, the solutions to the problem are encoded as permutations of the rows to be covered, which are subsequently ordered by the genetic algorithm. Fitness assignment is handled by the decoder, which transforms the permutations into actual solutions to the set covering problem. This is done by exploiting both problem structure and problem specific information. However, flexibility is retained by a self-adjusting element within the decoder, which allows adjustments to both the data and to stages within the search process. Computational results are presented.

MATCH: a new industry-focused approach to medical device development

MATCH (Multidisciplinary Assessment of Technology Centre for Healthcare) is a new collaboration in the UK that aims to support the healthcare sector by creating methods to assess the value of medical devices from concept through to mature product. A major aim of MATCH is to encourage the inclusion of the user throughout the product lifecycle in order to achieve devices that truly meet the requirements of their users. A review of the published literature indicates that user requirements are mainly collected during the design and evaluation stage of the product lifecycle whilst other areas, including the concept stage, have less user involvement. Complementing the literature review is an in-depth consultation with the medical device industry, which has identified a number of barriers encountered by companies when attempting to capture user requirements. These will be addressed by a number of case study projects, performed in collaboration with our industrial partners, that will examine the application and utility of different approaches to collecting and analysing data on user requirements. MATCH is focused on providing advice to device developers on how to select and apply methods that have maximum theoretical strength, practical application, cost-effectiveness and likelihood of wide sector acceptance. Feedback will be sought in order to ensure that the needs of the diverse medical device sector are met.