O papel dos pais na motivação para o estudo - aprendizagem do violino

Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Ensino de Música

Perspectivas de pais e filhos sobre os videojogos - da investigação aos processos de mediação parental

Este texto pretende conjugar três aspectos que envolvem actores e dimensões diferentes. Por um lado, procura destacar a relevância que os videojogos têm na vida das crianças e dos jovens. Depois, tenta compreender o papel dos pais para fomentar uma relação equilibrada, saudável e crítica com os videojogos. Finalmente, contextualiza a criação de um material, um booklet, que propõe fornecer dados aos pais que lhes permitam estar informados e compreender o mundo dos videojogos, que conhecem, grande parte das vezes, graças aos consumos que os seus filhos fazem.

Regresso ao trabalho: vivências conflituantes no exercício do papel parental

Este estudo procurou compreender as experiências das mães que regressam ao trabalho após o término da licença parental, com a finalidade de poder contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem prestados à família nesta etapa de transição no exercício da parentalidade. Foi realizado com recurso ao referencial metodológico da Grounded Theory, com a participação de cinco pais e cinco mães (casais), profissionalmente ativos, com idades compreendidas entre os 26 e 33 anos e com filho nascido de termo e saudável; recolha de dados através de entrevistas semiestruturadas (total de 30 entrevistas), antes e após o reinício da atividade laboral materna. Os resultados explanam a difícil e desafiadora coexistência de papéis desempenhados pela mulher trabalhadora quando se torna mãe e retratam o sofrimento vivido pela mãe por não poder estar constantemente com o filho ao retomar a atividade profissional, finda a licença parental. Desafiam os enfermeiros a dinamizarem estratégias que facilitem e promovam a saúde das mães trabalhadoras, com orientação antecipatória sobre as realidades do retorno ao trabalho no pós-parto.

Do stars govern our actions? astrocyte involvement in rodent behavior

Do stars govern our actions? Astrocyte involvement in rodent behavior

Typologies of post-divorce coparenting and parental well-being, parenting quality and children’s psychological adjustment

First published online: 30 October 2015

Medida da aliança parental: validação portuguesa e construção de uma versão reduzida

Objetivo: A Medida de Aliança Parental (PAM) avalia a qualidade da relação interparental na prestação de cuidados da criança. O presente artigo apresenta a validação de uma versão portuguesa da medida, bem como examina as qualidades psicométricas de uma versão reduzida com 6 itens do instrumento (PAM-R). Método: A amostra foi constituída por 182 pais (63% mães), dos quais 72 preencheram um instrumento de avaliação dos problemas de ajustamento psicológico das crianças. Resultados: As análises fatoriais confirmatórias não corroboraram a estrutura dos dois modelos testados. No entanto, excelentes valores foram encontrados nos índices de adequação do modelo da PAM-R. Não foram encontrados erros de especificação no modelo unidimensional testado, o que suporta a validade fatorial da versão reduzida da PAM. A PAM-R apresentou excelentes valores de consistência interna e uma correlação negativa e significativa com a medida de problemas de ajustamento das crianças. Conclusões: PAM-R emerge como uma medida que possibilita a avaliação do impacto das dimensões familiares no funcionamento e desenvolvimento psicológico das crianças, em contextos de prestação de cuidados de saúde primários.

Fathers’ emotional involvement with the neonate: impact of the umbilical cord cutting experience

Aims. This paper is a report on a study analysing the effect of the umbilical cord cutting experience on fathers’ emotional involvement with their infants. Background. Participation in childbirth offers an opportunity for father and mother to share the childbirth experience, so it is vital that midwives improve the fathers’ participation in this event. Design. A quasi-experimental study with a quantitative methodology was implemented. Methods. One hundred and five fathers were recruited as part of a convenience sample in a Maternity Public Hospital in a Metropolitan City in Portugal, between January and May of 2008. The Bonding Scale, the Portuguese version of the ‘Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale’ was used to evaluate the fathers’ emotional involvement with the neonate at different moments: before childbirth, first day after childbirth and first month after childbirth. After childbirth, the fathers were divided into three separate groups depending on their umbilical cord cutting experience. Results. The results demonstrate that the emotional involvement between father and child tends to increase during the first days after childbirth and to decrease when evaluated 1 month after birth, for fathers who did not cut the umbilical cord. However, fathers who cut the umbilical cord demonstrate an improvement in emotional involvement 1 month later. Conclusion. Results suggest that the umbilical cord cutting experience benefits the father’s emotional involvement with the neonate, supporting the benefits of his participation and empowerment in childbirth.

Mother's stress, mood and emotional involvement with the infant: 3 months before and 3 months after childbirth

Adverse effects of maternal anxiety and depression are well documented, namely on the foetus/child behaviour and development, but not as much attention has been given to the mother's emotional involvement with the offspring. To study mother's prenatal and postpartum stress, mood and emotional involvement with the infant, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale were filled in and cortisol levels were measured, 3 months before and 3 months after childbirth, in a sample of 91 Portuguese women. From pregnancy to the postpartum period, mother's cortisol levels, anxiety and emotional involvement toward the child decrease. No significant change was observed regarding mother's depression. Mother's depression predicted a worse emotional involvement before childbirth, while mother's anxiety predicted a worse emotional involvement with the infant after childbirth. Additionally, pregnant women with a worse emotional involvement with the offspring are at risk of poorer emotional involvement with the infant and higher anxiety and depression at 3 months postpartum. It should be given more attention to mother's poor emotional involvement with the offspring during pregnancy, as it interferes with her emotional involvement with the infant and her psychological adjustment 3 months after childbirth.

Mother-to-infant emotional involvement at birth

Objectives. To study mother-to-infant emotional involvement at birth, namely factors (socio-demographics, previous life events, type of delivery, pain at childbirth, support from partner, infant characteristics, early experiences with the newborn, and mother’s mood) that interfere with the mother’s positive, negative and not clear emotions toward the newborn. Methods. The Bonding Scale (an extended Portuguese version of the ‘New Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale’) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were administrated during the first after delivery days to 315 mothers recruited at Ju´lio Dinis Maternity Hospital (MJD, Porto, Portugal). Results. A worse emotional involvement with the newborn was observed when the mother was unemployed, unmarried, had less than grade 9, previous obstetrical/psychological problems or was depressed, as well as when the infant was female, had neonatal problems or was admitted in the intensive care unit. Lower total bonding results were significantly predicted when the mother was depressed and had a lower educational level; being depressed, unemployed and single predicted more negative emotions toward the infant as well. No significant differences in the mother-to-infant emotional involvement were obtained for events related to childbirth, such as type of delivery, pain and partner support, or early experiences with the newborn; these events do not predict mother’s bonding results either. Conclusion. The study results support the need for screening and supporting depressed, unemployed and single mothers, in order to prevent bonding difficulties with the newborn at birth.