A study of risk-aware program transformation

In the trend towards tolerating hardware unreliability, accuracy is exchanged for cost savings. Running on less reliable machines, functionally correct code becomes risky and one needs to know how risk propagates so as to mitigate it. Risk estimation, however, seems to live outside the average programmer’s technical competence and core practice. In this paper we propose that program design by source-to-source transformation be risk-aware in the sense of making probabilistic faults visible and supporting equational reasoning on the probabilistic behaviour of programs caused by faults. This reasoning is carried out in a linear algebra extension to the standard, `a la Bird-Moor algebra of programming. This paper studies, in particular, the propagation of faults across standard program transformation techniques known as tupling and fusion, enabling the fault of the whole to be expressed in terms of the faults of its parts.

O contributo do Projeto Curricular Integrado no desenvolvimento das competências de pesquisa

Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º do Ensino Básico

A autonomia no processo de aquisição da competência plurilingue e intercultural no âmbito da aprendizagem do Espanhol

Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Ensino de Português no 3.º ciclo do Ensino Básico Secundário e do Ensino do Espanhol no Ensino Básico e Secundário

Relação entre aptidão física e sucesso académico: em alunos de final de ciclo: 8º e 9º ano de escolaridade

Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Ensino de Educação Física nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário

The economic assessment of health benefits of active transport

Purpose:This chapter addresses the economic assessment of health benefits of active transport and presents most recent valuation studies with an overview of progresses made towards the inclusion of health benefits in the cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of active transport. Methodology/approach: It is built upon the contracted study for the World Health Organization (WHO) on the economic appraisal of health benefits of walking and cycling investments at the city of Viana do Castelo, the former pilot study in Portugal for evaluating the health benefits of non-motorized transport using the WHO Health Economic Assessment Tool (HEAT). The relative risk values adopted in the HEAT for walking refer to adult population of the age group 20â 74 years and the assessment focus in on average physical activity/regular behaviour of groups of pedestrians and all-cause mortality health impacts. During the case study, it was developed and implemented a mobility survey which aimed to collect behavioural data before and after a street intervention in the historic centre. Findings: Most recent appraisal guidance of walking and cycling and health impact modelling studies reviewed confirm that further research is expected before a more comprehensive appraisal procedure can be adopted in Europe, able to integrate physical activity effects along with other health risks such as those related to road traffic injuries and exposure to air pollution. Social implications: The health benefits assessment of walking investments helped local decision-makers to progress towards sustainable mobility options in the city. Making the population aware of the potential health benefits of regular walking can encourage more people to uptake active transport as part of their daily activities. Originality/value: This study provides a useful review of the health benefits of active transport with a comprehensive analysis of valuation studies, presenting value-added information. It then reports a former assessment of the health effects of active transport in the Portuguese context (case study) using the state-of-the-art economic analysis tool (HEAT) of the World Health Organization which is believed to contribute to a paradigm shift in the transport policy and appraisal practice given the need of shaping future cities (and their citizens) for health through more investments in active transport.

A leitura e interpretação de imagens pictóricas e de gráficos na aula de História e Geografia: um estudo com alunos do 3º ciclo do Ensino Básico

Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Ensino de História e de Geografia no 3º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário

Literacia(s) com e sobre valores: um projeto de intervenção pedagógica no 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1ºCiclo do Ensino Básico

Educação literária: o texto dramático no 1.º ciclo do ensino básico

Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

Spectrum-based energy leak localization

Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Informática

A documentação pedagógica no trabalho de projeto: relato de uma experiência em contexto de jardim-de-infância

Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

Práticas centradas na família: identificação de comportamentos para uma prática de qualidade nos distritos de Braga, Viana do Castelo e Vila Real

Dissertação de mestrado em Educação Especial (área de especialização em Intervenção Precoce)

Temporal analysis of CHAVE collection

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 9309

Instrumentos de políticas públicas do turismo: uma análise empírica dos municípios portugueses

Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências da Administração

Análise da disponibilidade de investimento em projetos de reabilitação portugueses

The importance of implementing sustainable practices in buildings is duly proved and understood by the majority of the population. However, its implementation is not yet a reality. Some studies have been performed with the goal of understand this lack of use of sustainable solutions, among building sector stakeholders. The conclusion is that one of the main factors contributing to this is related with economic constraints. Several studies have proven that many sustainable practices correspond to minor costs than traditional practices in a life cycle perspective. However, the building sector stakeholders are not aware of this and do not implement sustainable practices commonly. In this paper a costâ benefit methodology willing to cross this barrier and promote the sustainable practices implementation is presented.

Benefits from energy related building renovation beyond costs, energy and emissions

The relevance of the building sector in the global energy use as well as in the global carbon emissions, both in the developed and developing countries, makes the improvement of the overall energy performance of existing buildings an important part of the actions to mitigate climate changes. Regardless of this potential for energy and emissions saving, large scale building renovation has been found hard to trigger, mainly because present standards are mainly focused on new buildings, not responding effectively to the numerous technical, functional and economic constraints of the existing ones. One of the common problems in the assessment of building renovation scenarios is that only energy savings and costs are normally considered, despite the fact that it has been long recognized that investment on energy efficiency and low carbon technologies yield several benefits beyond the value of saved energy which can be as important as the energy cost savings process. Based on the analysis of significant literature and several case studies, the relevance of co-benefits achieved in the renovation process is highlighted. These benefits can be felt at the building level by the owner or user (like increased user comfort, fewer problems with building physics, improved aesthetics) and should therefore be considered in the definition of the renovation measures, but also at the level of the society as a whole (like health effects, job creation, energy security, impact on climate change), and from this perspective, policy makers must be aware of the possible crossed impacts among different areas of the society for the development of public policies.