NF-kB pathway controls mitochondrial dynamics

The Optic atrophy 1 protein (OPA1) is a key element in the dynamics and morphology of mitochondria. We demonstrated that the absence of I?B kinase-a, which is a key element of the nonclassical NF-?B pathway, has an impact on the mitochondrial network morphology and OPA1 expression. In contrast, the absence of NF-?B essential modulator (NEMO) or I?B kinase-ß, both of which are essential for the canonical NF-?B pathway, has no impact on mitochondrial dynamics. Whereas Parkin has been reported to positively regulate the expression of OPA1 through NEMO, herein we found that PARK2 overexpression did not modify the expression of OPA1. PARK2 expression reduced the levels of Bax, and it prevented stress-induced cell death only in Bak-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. Collectively, our results point out a role of the nonclassical NF-?B pathway in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and OPA1 expression.

External and internal dynamics in the EU's counter-terrorism policy: a political and legal analysis

Tese de Doutoramento em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais

Introduction [to Contact force models for multibody dynamics]

"Series: Solid mechanics and its applications, vol. 226"

Numerical methods in multibody system dynamics

"Series: Solid mechanics and its applications, vol. 226"

Contact force models for multibody dynamics

"Series: Solid mechanics and its applications, vol. 226"

The electoral dynamics of human development

This paper analyses the impact of elections on the dynamics of human development in a panel of 82 countries over the period 1980-2013. The incidence of partisan and political support effects is also taken into account. A GMM estimator is employed in the empirical analysis and the results point out to the presence of an electoral cycle in the growth rate of human development. Majority governments also influence it, but no clear evidence is found regarding partisan effects. The electoral cycles have proved to be stronger in non-OECD countries, in countries with less frequent elections, with lower levels of income and human development, in presidential and non-plurality systems and in proportional representation regimes. They have also become more intense in this millennium.