Orientação para o mercado e desenvolvimento de novos produtos: um estudo de caso

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial

FluidUM: análise de fluidos de um automóvel

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Mecânica

Can oil, plastic and RAP wastes have a new life in novel asphalt mixtures?

The pavement recycling allows to reuse reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) or other waste materials in new asphalt mixtures for road construction or rehabilitation, thus re-ducing the use of virgin materials (aggregates and bitumen). Thus, the main aim of this study is to minimize the use of natural resources through the reuse of three waste materials: HDPE, mo-tor oil and RAP. Different amounts of waste motor oil and HDPE were added to an asphalt binder with 50% aged bitumen. The best solutions to produce the modified binders (4.5 to 5.0% HDPE and 10 % waste motor oil) performed as well as a conventional bitumen although they only used 35 % of virgin bitumen. Asphalt mixtures with 50 % RAP were produced with the selected modified binders, improving some characteristics in comparison with conventional asphalt mixtures. In conclusion, these wastes can revive in new asphalt mixtures.

Plastic waste use as aggregate and binder modifier in open-graded asphalts

Road pavements are very important infrastructures for the Society, but they can cause serious environmental impacts during construction, operation and rehabilitation phases. Thus, it is essential to develop surface paving solutions that promote not only the durability but also a comfortable and safe use. In fact, this work aims to study the properties of new opengraded mixtures for surface layers produced with plastic wastes. First, HDPE and EVA wastes were used as bitumen modifiers, and then another plastic waste (PEX) replaced part of the aggregates. After studying the modified binders, the open-graded mixtures were designed, and then they were tested concerning their particle loss, rutting resistance, surface texture and damping effect. It was concluded that both ways of using the plastic wastes can improve the mechanical and functional properties of the open-graded mixtures related to the pavement performance.

Mechanical analysis of asphalt mixtures produced with waste plastic modified binders

This work compares the viscoelastic properties of an asphalt binder (70/100 pen) modified with different waste plastics and the mechanical properties of the resultant asphalt mixtures. Two different plastic wastes were used, namely recycled HDPE and EVA. Three different polymer modified binders were produced with these plastic wastes: i) 5% HDPE modified binder (P5); ii) 5% EVA modified binder (E5) and; iii) a modified binder with 4% of EVA and 2% HDPE (E4P2). Asphalt mixtures were produced with these modified binders, and their mechanical properties were analysed and compared with a conventional mixture produced with a 30/50 pen bitumen. It was possible to conclude that these recycled polymers are able to improve the mechanical performance of the asphalt mixtures used in road paving.

Utilization of waste materials to improve asphalt mixtures performance

This study aims to develop an innovative bitumen with large quantities of waste materials to improve asphalt mixtures performance. Different amounts of waste motor oil and waste HDPE were added to a new bitumen. The bitumen modified with 10% of waste motor oil and 5% of HDPE showed promising characteristics (high softening point temperatures and penetration slightly higher than the conventional bitumen). After the selection of the most promising modified bitumen, three asphalt mixtures were produced with different bitumens (namely conventional bitumen, commercial modified bitumen and the selected modified bitumen). Beyond that, this modified bitumen improved some mechanical characteristics of the asphalt mixture where it was used, in comparison to conventional and modified asphalt mixtures.

Effect of incorporating different waste materials in bitumen

The increasing environmental concern about waste materials and the necessity of improving the performance of asphalt mixtures prompted the study of incorporating different waste materials in conventional bitumen. The reuse of waste materials can present benefits at an environmental and economic level, and some wastes can be used to improve the pavement performance. Thus, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the incorporation of different waste materials in bitumen, namely waste motor oil and different polymers. In order to accomplish this goal, 10% of waste motor oil and 5% of polymers (high density polyethylene, crumb rubber and styrene-butadiene-styrene) were added to a conventional bitumen and the resulting modified bitumens were characterized through basic and rheological tests. From this work, it can be concluded that the incorporation of different waste materials improve some important properties of the conventional bitumen. Such improvements might indicate a good behaviour at medium/high temperatures and an increase of fatigue and rutting resistance. Therefore, these modified bitumens with waste materials can contribute to a sustainable development of road paving industry due to their performance and environmental advantages.

Study of the interaction between asphalt and plastic wastes in new polymer modified binders (PMB)

The aim of this study is evaluating the interaction between several base pen grade asphalt binders (35/50, 50/70, 70/100, 160/220) and two different plastic wastes (EVA and HDPE), for a set of new polymer modified binders produced with different amounts of both plastic wastes. After analysing the results obtained for the several polymer modified binders evaluated in this study, including a commercial modified binder, it can be concluded that the new PMBs produced with the base bitumen 70/100 and 5% of each plastic waste (HDPE or EVA) results in binders with very good performance, similar to that of the commercial modified binder.

Clustering barotrauma patients in ICU–A data mining based approach using ventilator variables

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 9273

Intelligent decision support to predict patient barotrauma risk in intensive care units

The occurrence of Barotrauma is identified as a major concern for health professionals, since it can be fatal for patients. In order to support the decision process and to predict the risk of occurring barotrauma Data Mining models were induced. Based on this principle, the present study addresses the Data Mining process aiming to provide hourly probability of a patient has Barotrauma. The process of discovering implicit knowledge in data collected from Intensive Care Units patientswas achieved through the standard process Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining. With the goal of making predictions according to the classification approach they several DM techniques were selected: Decision Trees, Naive Bayes and Support Vector Machine. The study was focused on identifying the validity and viability to predict a composite variable. To predict the Barotrauma two classes were created: “risk” and “no risk”. Such target come from combining two variables: Plateau Pressure and PCO2. The best models presented a sensitivity between 96.19% and 100%. In terms of accuracy the values varied between 87.5% and 100%. This study and the achieved results demonstrated the feasibility of predicting the risk of a patient having Barotrauma by presenting the probability associated.

Ensaios sobre a responsabilidade social corporativa e sua divulgação no setor portuário

Tese de Doutoramento em Contabilidade

Otra visión del patrimonio geológico: la puesta en valor de los depósitos cuaternários de la costa galega (NW España)

En la última década se ha desarrollado una base de conocimiento sólido relacionado con la geodiversidad, caracterización, conservación y gestión del patrimonio geológico, que lleva implícito una legislación al respecto. Sin embargo, el escaso conocimiento a nivel científico por parte de la Administración sobre “lugares de interés geológico” hace complicado conseguir una normativa adecuada, a fin de proteger algo que no está contemplado. A esto se suma, un desconocimiento parcial de la sociedad sobre procesos geológicos, su relación con la biodiversidad y su valor como patrimonio natural. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar el valor de los depósitos sedimentarios antiguos localizados en la costa de Galicia como archivos paleoambientales y geoformas con entidad propia. Estos valores son ejemplificados con depósitos localizados en la “Costa Sur”, así definida en el Plan de Ordenación Litoral (POL) de Galicia.

Tecnologia e configurações do humano na era digital: Contribuições para uma nova sociologia da técnica

(Excerto) Com a expansão das novas tecnologias digitais da infor­mação e da comunicação e as biotecnologias, o mundo social e técnico está a transformar-se de uma forma acelerada nas últimas décadas. Uma alteração que tem dois efeitos impor­tantes: em primeiro lugar, uma mudança na relação entre o humano e a tecnologia; em segundo, uma crise da forma tra­dicional das ciências sociais pensarem a questão da técnica.

O humano e as novas tecnologias digitais: perigos e potencialidades

[Excerto] Em primeiro lugar, assiste-se a uma alteração qualitativa na nossa interação com os objectos técnicos. Usando as palavras de Mario Perniola (2004: 37), "o cyborg filosófico-sexual apresenta uma sociabilidade intrínseca, que todavia não depende da intersubjectividade, mas de uma relação de interfaces, que interage não entre dois sujeitos mas entre duas quase coisas". O cyborg assume a ideia de que os nossos interfaces quotidianos, nas nossas carnes, também são eles interfaces de misturas de orgânico/inorgânico. De facto, a nossa experiencia de cyborg não é estranha ao ser humano.

[Prefácio] A imersão da técnica na cultura e nos corpos

[Excerto] As biotecnologias, do mesmo modo que as tecnologias da informação e da comunicação, têm investido e mobilizado a cultura e o humano. E apesar de os objectos técnicos serem o produto da inventividade humana, a técnica tem-se afastado da ideia instrumental de simples construção humana para causa do próprio homem (Heidegger, 1988). A ideia de crise do humano tem-se então acentuado, à medida que passamos a falar de vida artificial, de fertilização in vitro, de "barrigas de aluguer", de clonagem, replicantes e cyborgs, de adeus ao corpo e à carne, de pós-orgânico e de trans-humano.