Prediction of Ultimate Capacity of Laterally Loaded Piles in Clay: A Relevance Vector Machine Approach

This study investigates the potential of Relevance Vector Machine (RVM)-based approach to predict the ultimate capacity of laterally loaded pile in clay. RVM is a sparse approximate Bayesian kernel method. It can be seen as a probabilistic version of support vector machine. It provides much sparser regressors without compromising performance, and kernel bases give a small but worthwhile improvement in performance. RVM model outperforms the two other models based on root-mean-square-error (RMSE) and mean-absolute-error (MAE) performance criteria. It also stimates the prediction variance. The results presented in this paper clearly highlight that the RVM is a robust tool for prediction Of ultimate capacity of laterally loaded piles in clay.

Cubic and ultimate groups of complete symmetry

It is shown that the systems of definite actions described by polar and axial tensors of the second rank and their combinations during the superposition of their elements of complete symmetry with the elements of complete symmetry of the "grey" cube, result in 11 cubic crystallographical groups of complete symmetry. There are 35 ultimate groups (i.e., the groups having the axes of symmetry of infinite order) in complete symmetry of finite figures. 14 out of these groups are ultimate groups of symmetry of polar and axial tensors of the second rank and 24 are new groups. All these 24 ultimate groups are conventional groups since they cannot be presented by certain finite figures possessing the axes of symmetry {Mathematical expression}. Geometrical interpretation for some of the groups of complete symmetry is given. The connection between complete symmetry and physical properties of the crystals (electrical, magnetic and optical) is shown.

Ultimate Strength of RC Wall Panels in One-Way In-Plane Action

Test results of 24 reinforced concrete wall panels in one-way in-plane action are presented. The panels were loaded at a small eccentricity to reflect possible eccentric loading in practice. Influences of slenderness ratio, aspect ratio, vertical steel, and horizontal steel on the ultimate load are studied. An empirical equation modifying two existing methods is proposed for the prediction of ultimate load. The modified equation includes the effects of slenderness ratio, amount of vertical steel, and aspect ratio. The results predicted by the proposed modified method and five other available equations are compared with 48 test data. The proposed modified equation is found to be satisfactory and, additionally, includes the effect of aspect ratio which is not present in other methods.

Effects of Parasitics and Interface Traps on Ballistic Nanowire FET in the Ultimate Quantum Capacitance Limit

In this paper, we focus on the performance of a nanowire field-effect transistor in the ultimate quantum capacitance limit (UQCL) (where only one subband is occupied) in the presence of interface traps (D-it), parasitic capacitance (C-L), and source/drain series resistance (R-s,R-d), using a ballistic transport model and compare the performance with its classical capacitance limit (CCL) counterpart. We discuss four different aspects relevant to the present scenario, namely: 1) gate capacitance; 2) drain-current saturation; 3) subthreshold slope; and 4) scaling performance. To gain physical insights into these effects, we also develop a set of semianalytical equations. The key observations are as follows: 1) A strongly energy-quantized nanowire shows nonmonotonic multiple-peak C-V characteristics due to discrete contributions from individual subbands; 2) the ballistic drain current saturates better in the UQCL than in the CCL, both in the presence and absence of D-it and R-s,R-d; 3) the subthreshold slope does not suffer any relative degradation in the UQCL compared to the CCL, even with Dit and R-s,R-d; 4) the UQCL scaling outperforms the CCL in the ideal condition; and 5) the UQCL scaling is more immune to R-s,R-d, but the presence of D-it and C-L significantly degrades the scaling advantages in the UQCL.

Ultimate Strength of RC Wall Panels with Openings

Test results of 12 reinforced concrete (RC) wall panels with openings are presented. The panels have been subjected to in-plane vertical loads applied at an eccentricity to represent possible accidental eccentricity that occurs in practice due to constructional imperfections. The 12 specimens consist of two identical groups of six panels each. One group of panels is tested in one-way in-plane action (i.e., supported at top and bottom edges against lateral displacement). The second group of panels is tested in two-way in-plane action (i.e., supported on all the four edges against lateral displacement). Openings in the panels represent typical door and window openings. Cracking loads, ultimate loads, crack patterns, and lateral deflections of the panels are studied. Empirical methods have been developed for the prediction of ultimate load. Also, lateral deflections, cracking loads, and ultimate loads of identical loads tested under one-way and two-way action are compared.

Ultimate Strength of R.C. Wall Panels in Two-Way In-Plane Action

Test results of 24 reinforced concrete wall panels in two-way action (i.e., supported on all the four sides) and subjected to in-plane vertical load are presented. The load is applied at an eccentricity to represent possible accidental eccentricity that occurs in practice due to constructional imperfections. Influences of aspect ratio, thinness ratio, slendemess ratio, vertical steel, and horizontal steel on the ultimate load are studied. Two equations are proposed to predict the ultimate load carried by the panels. The first equation is empirical and is arrived at from trial and error fitting with test data. The second equation is semi-empirical and is developed from a modification of the buckling strength of thin rectangular plates. Both the equations are formulated so as to give a safe prediction of a large portion of ultimate strength test results. Also, ultimate load cracking load and lateral deflections of identical panels in two-way action (all four sides supported) and oneway action (top and bottom sides only supported) are compared.