Crowd Flow Segmentation based on Motion Vectors in H.264 Compressed Domain

In this work, we have explored the prospect of segmenting crowd flow in H. 264 compressed videos by merely using motion vectors. The motion vectors are extracted by partially decoding the corresponding video sequence in the H. 264 compressed domain. The region of interest ie., crowd flow region is extracted and the motion vectors that spans the region of interest is preprocessed and a collective representation of the motion vectors for the entire video is obtained. The obtained motion vectors for the corresponding video is then clustered by using EM algorithm. Finally, the clusters which converges to a single flow are merged together based on the bhattacharya distance measure between the histogram of the of the orientation of the motion vectors at the boundaries of the clusters. We had implemented our proposed approach on the complex crowd flow dataset provided by 1] and compared our results by using Jaccard measure. Since we are performing crowd flow segmentation in the compressed domain using only motion vectors, our proposed approach performs much faster compared to other pixel domain counterparts still retaining better accuracy.

Generalization of the collision cone approach for motion safety in 3-D environments

Avoidance of collision between moving objects in a 3-D environment is fundamental to the problem of planning safe trajectories in dynamic environments. This problem appears in several diverse fields including robotics, air vehicles, underwater vehicles and computer animation. Most of the existing literature on collision prediction assumes objects to be modelled as spheres. While the conservative spherical bounding box is valid in many cases, in many other cases, where objects operate in close proximity, a less conservative approach, that allows objects to be modelled using analytic surfaces that closely mimic the shape of the object, is more desirable. In this paper, a collision cone approach (previously developed only for objects moving on a plane) is used to determine collision between objects, moving in 3-D space, whose shapes can be modelled by general quadric surfaces. Exact collision conditions for such quadric surfaces are obtained and used to derive dynamic inversion based avoidance strategies.

Note: A resonating reflector-based optical system for motion measurement in micro-cantilever arrays

A robust, compact optical measurement unit for motion measurement in micro-cantilever arrays enables development of portable micro-cantilever sensors. This paper reports on an optical beam deflection-based system to measure the deflection of micro-cantilevers in an array that employs a single laser source, a single detector, and a resonating reflector to scan the measurement laser across the array. A strategy is also proposed to extract the deflection of individual cantilevers from the acquired data. The proposed system and measurement strategy are experimentally evaluated and demonstrated to measure motion of multiple cantilevers in an array. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.

Signal compression through spatial frequency-based motion estimation

The interest in low bit rate video coding has increased considerably. Despite rapid progress in storage density and digital communication system performance, demand for data-transmission bandwidth and storage capacity continue to exceed the capabilities of available technologies. The growth of data-intensive digital audio, video applications and the increased use of bandwidth-limited media such as video conferencing and full motion video have not only sustained the need for efficient ways to encode analog signals, but made signal compression central to digital communication and data-storage technology. In this paper we explore techniques for compression of image sequences in a manner that optimizes the results for the human receiver. We propose a new motion estimator using two novel block match algorithms which are based on human perception. Simulations with image sequences have shown an improved bit rate while maintaining ''image quality'' when compared to conventional motion estimation techniques using the MAD block match criteria.

Stabilization of Collective Motion in Synchronized, Balanced and Splay Phase Arrangements on a Desired Circle

This paper proposes a design methodology to stabilize collective circular motion of a group of N-identical agents moving at unit speed around individual circles of different radii and different centers. The collective circular motion studied in this paper is characterized by the clockwise rotation of all agents around a common circle of desired radius as well as center, which is fixed. Our interest is to achieve those collective circular motions in which the phases of the agents are arranged either in synchronized, in balanced or in splay formation. In synchronized formation, the agents and their centroid move in a common direction while in balanced formation, the movement of the agents ensures a fixed location of the centroid. The splay state is a special case of balanced formation, in which the phases are separated by multiples of 2 pi/N. We derive the feedback controls and prove the asymptotic stability of the desired collective circular motion by using Lyapunov theory and the LaSalle's Invariance principle.