Effect of Magnetic Field on Photoresponse of Cobalt Integrated Zinc Oxide Nanorods

Cobalt integrated zinc oxide nanorod (Co-ZnO NR) array is presented as a novel heterostructure for ultraviolet (UV) photodetector (PD). Defect states in Co-ZnO NRs surface induces an enhancement in photocurrent as compared to pristine ZnO NRs PD. Presented Co-ZnO NRs PD is highly sensitive to external magnetic field that demonstrated 185.7% enhancement in response current. It is concluded that the opposite polarizations of electron and holes in the presence of external magnetic field contribute to effective separation of electron hole pairs that have drifted upon UV illumination. Moreover, Co-ZnO NRs PD shows a faster photodetection speed (1.2 s response time and 7.4 s recovery time) as compared to the pristine ZnO NRs where the response and recovery times are observed as 38 and 195 s, respectively.

Counting zero kernel pairs over a finite field

Helmke et al. have recently given a formula for the number of reachable pairs of matrices over a finite field. We give a new and elementary proof of the same formula by solving the equivalent problem of determining the number of so called zero kernel pairs over a finite field. We show that the problem is, equivalent to certain other enumeration problems and outline a connection with some recent results of Guo and Yang on the natural density of rectangular unimodular matrices over F-qx]. We also propose a new conjecture on the density of unimodular matrix polynomials. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Tuning Photoluminescence Response by Electric Field in Electrically Soft Ferroelectrics

We show that an electrically soft ferroelectric host can be used to tune the photoluminescence (PL) response of rare-earth emitter ions by external electric field. The proof of this concept is demonstrated by changing the PL response of the Eu3+ ion by electric field on a model system Eu-doped 0.94(Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3)-0.06(BaTiO3). We also show that new channels of radiative transitions, forbidden otherwise, open up due to positional disorder in the system, which can as well be tuned by electric field.

Long-period modulated structure and electric-field-induced structural transformation in Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-based lead-free piezoelectrics

Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3- based lead-free piezoelectrics exhibiting giant piezostrain are technologically interesting materials for actuator applications. The lack of clarity with regard to the structure of the nonpolar phase of this system has hindered the understanding of the structural mechanism associated with the giant piezostrain and other related phenomena. In this paper, we have investigated the structure and field-induced phase transformation behavior of a model system (0.94 - x) Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-0.06BaTiO(3)-xK(0.5)Na(0.5)NbO(3) (0.0 <= x <= 0.025). A detailed structural analysis using neutron powder diffraction revealed that the nonpolar phase is neither cubic nor a mixture of rhombohedral (R3c) and tetragonal (P4bm) phases as commonly reported in literature but exhibits a long-period modulated structure, which is most probably of the type root 2 x root 2 x n with n = 16. Our results suggest that the giant piezoelectric strain is associated with a field-induced phase transformation of the long-period modulated structure to rhombohedral R3c structure above a critical field. We also demonstrate that the giant piezostrain is lost if the system retains a fraction of the field-induced R3c phase. A possible correlation among depolarization temperature, giant piezostrain, and its electrical fatigue behavior has also been indicated.