Responsabilidad social y debate artístico en el día de hoy. Los artistas enfrentados al conflicto armado en la antigua Yugoslavia (1989-2008)

This dissertation is concerned with a period unfortunate for the citizens of former Yugoslavia, but influential for its artists, who used their feeling of responsibility to leave valuable testimonies about their time. The research began in 2007 for the purposes of obtaining an advanced academic degree and was entitled Responsibility of the Artist Facing Social Conflicts: the Case of Yugoslavia (1989–2003). A part of it was presented in 2008, at the Women’s Worlds Congress held at Complutense University in Madrid (in cooperation with my mentor Dolores Fernández Martínez). This dissertation implied a broader scope of research on the topic of Social Responsibility and Artistic Debate Today. Artists in the Face of Armed Conflict in Former Yugoslavia (1989–2008), thus aiming to study the case of Serbian visual artists under Milosevic (1989–2000) and later, during the democratization of the Serbian society. The period in focus ends in 2008, except for the works in the group Monument where it stretches up to 2012.

Desarrollo de técnicas y herramientas didácticas aplicadas a la mejora de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Historia de la Grecia antigua

Presentamos la memoria del Proyecto de Innovación 2015 "Desarrollo de técnicas y herramientas didácticas aplicadas a la mejora de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Historia de la Grecia Antigua". Desde el grupo de investigación "Eschatia. Delimitación territorial y fronteras: el papel de la religión en los conflictos entre poleis" hemos combinado las posibilidades del Aprendizaje Cooperativo (AC) y el Aprendizaje a Base de Problemas (ABP) para desarrollar nuevas técnicas y herramientas didácticas aplicadas a los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Historia de la Grecia Antigua, con la intención de profundizar la adaptación al EEES de las asignaturas que se relacionan con esta materia.

La sabiduría árabe antigua reflejada en los proverbios de Al-Maydani: traducción y análisis paremiológico de un corpus seleccionado

Little is known about Ancient Arabia before the arrival of Islam as it was an area with few inhabited settlements and it was mostly a passageway for traders. In those inhabited settlements we could find some settled Arabs, but the prevailing life style was that of the rest of the population, nomadic Bedouin Arabs who travelled from place to place looking for water and pasture for their cattle, which they lived off. The desert was their natural habitat, a hostile environment full of danger where life was not easy. Camel taming made it possible for them to live that nomadic lifestyle, and the Bedouins became inseparable from their camels and from their horses and cattle. In order to make a living they worked as hunters, transported caravans, and plundered too. In the pre-Islamic era, knowledge was transmitted by oral communication, so very little written information about that time and place remains. One thing that has been handed down are proverbs, which after the 8th Century started to be collected by several writers in various written works. Given the characteristics of those proverbs, which are conserved almost intact from their origins, we can learn much about the lifestyle in Ancient Arabia. What is to be investigated within this thesis is whether through Paremiology it is possible to learn more about this area at this historic moment that precedes the arrival of Islam, and the first years of this religion. To learn about history, we usually rely on historians and palaeontologists, but this work will demonstrate that through Paremiology it is possible to know other aspects of culture, their knowledge, the way of life, thinking, society, etc...

Aproximación a la doctrina y la terminología retórica de las figuras de dicción en la tratadística latina tardía

As early as the first century A.D. we can already find the first examples of what would be a long tradition of monographic works dedicated to figures: the authors of this group of treatises considered style as the most important aspect within the different disciplines of rhetoric. The works are especially common in the latter centuries of Latinity. Rutilius Lupus, rhetor of the first century A. D., composed the first of these treatises devoted exclusively to the figures; Schemata Dianoeas et Lexeos ex Graecis Gorgiae Versa. Due to the fragmentary condition of the manuscripts, important parts of this work have been lost, in which the theoretical justification for the studies of the figures by this author were most likely developed. Fortunately, the De figuris sententiarum et elocutionis by Aquila Romanus provides more information. Aquila Romanus probably lived at the end of the third century A.D. or the beginning of the fourth century A.D., and his work is based on the treatise of Alexander Numenius, a Greek author from the second century A.D. Aquila Romanus and Rutilius Lupus are the most important writers of treatises on figures in the Latin language, although many more treatises of these characteristics would be composed after them, works which were considered “minor”. One of these treatises is the De figuris Sententiarum et elocutionis by Julius Rufinianus, author from the fourth century A.D. Medieval manuscripts assign two other manuals to Julius Rufinianus : De schematis lexeos and De schematis dianoeas but this attribution is doubtlessly false. They are two small manuals of figures illustrated with numerous Virgilian examples. The next treatise of note is the anonymous Carmen de figuris vel schematibus, the most unusual treatise of figurative language. And finally, a brief figurist manual entitled Schemata dianoeas quae ad rhetores pertinent probably written in the fourth century A.D., shortly after Carmen de figuris...

Don Quijote y la retórica: una lectura desde las argumentaciones del protagonista

Este trabajo propone un análisis de las intervenciones de don Quijote como fuente principal para la interpretación de la obra cervantina y con la Retórica como disciplina que aporta los mecanismos de construcción de las argumentaciones del caballero. En relación con el objetivo perseguido se ha respetado la pauta dictada por la Re-tórica que destacaba la naturaleza persuasiva del discurso cuya finalidad era: convencer al receptor acerca de una postura determinada, por medio de un lenguaje estéticamente trabajado y de una modalidad textual argumentativa. Los discursos de don Quijote han sido comentados teniendo en cuenta el horizonte pragmático de la obra, que señalaba la línea de planteamiento que debía ser seguida por el personaje con la finalidad de dar respuesta tanto a su intención como al contexto de producción y al referente al que se destinaban las disertaciones del protagonista. Este análisis también ha considerado la naturaleza literaria del texto que individualizaba los discursos en función de sus características estéticas particulares. La lectura atenta de la obra ha sido el punto de partida del trabajo, de modo que a partir de su totalidad se han seleccionado, siguiendo el orden de aparición, aquellos razo-namientos del personaje fundamentales por exponer las pautas de su actuación y la inten-ción que perseguía en cada momento del texto. Este método de análisis nos ha permitido descubrir la solidez de los razonamientos de don Quijote, ya que, sin obviar su naturaleza enajenada, todas sus manifestaciones resultan ser absolutamente coherentes con la deci-sión tomada al inicio del texto y con el devenir de su actuación: su deseo de ser caballero. La relación entre el corpus de textos revisados y la totalidad a la que pertenecen ha sido fundamental para justificar los cambios de actuación del personaje que responden al sentido general del texto y a la incidencia que tiene en el sentir del caballero tanto la asunción de las aventuras y su resultado como la presencia y los juicios de los otros per-sonajes que se encuentra en su camino...