Sociología y drogodependencia: la mirada ténica en la intervención social. Fundamentos para la constitución de una sociología de las drogodependencias

Almost thirty years have passed since the City Council of Madrid approved the first Municipal Plan against Drugs, thus laying the foundations of the current commitment to offer assistance to drug addicts. A Service that has been continuously growing (in funding), maturing (in organizations) and diversifying (in actions) during these decades, in the same manner as the scenario in which these actions are deployed has been evolving. But, what can be said today about the status of drugaddiction intervention? This study adopts a sociological approach that starts with and is focused on what has been defined as the hegemonic vision on drug addiction, with the aim of studying (precisely and progressively) the different and most widely accepted theoretical-practical developments and to understand how certain conceptions or positions determine the form of this social fact. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to understand and evaluate the performative effects of certain practices, techniques and professionals on defining and addressing a reality that is in question and/or in conflict, as a social problem. In addition, this study is focused on identifying a series of fundamental elements to address what is understood as the state of the issue of drug addiction in depth (discourse of drugs Vs. discourse on drugs) in order to offer a series of sociological questions and insights to focus attention onto this reality. For this purpose, once its intentions have been defined and due to the social nature of the object under study, the present research deploys qualitative methodology as a tool for approximation, delimiting the scope that professional technicians assume regarding the issue in question as well as their own professional practices within their organizations. Thus, we have contacted certain public as well as non-governmental organizations with long-term experience in drug addiction, so as to find out first hand, in addition to their writings, the different meanings they find in the performance of their specific practice (micro) as well as the framework within which their practice is defined and materialised (macro) on a population defined or characterised by (drug) addiction...

Empoderamiento y participación política de las mujeres afrodescendientes de Colombia, en los últimos 20 años

Este trabajo, hermenéutico interpretativo, profundo y emotivo, que elegí para optar mi título doctoral, ha sido un desafío, que retó mi capacidad académica y me ha permitido “dar la palabra” a mujeres racializadas, sujetas a teorías y debates, que las dimensionan desde periféricos rincones de la sinrazón social, política y académica de una América Latina que se jacta de su Multiculturalidad y Pluriétnia, pero que no termina de encajar el tema de la Negritud, como un asunto político que demanda acciones integrales para lograr el reconocimiento “real” de esa declaración derechos humanos que proclama que: “Todos los seres humanos nacen libres e iguales en dignidad y derechos y, dotados como están de razón y conciencia, deben comportarse fraternalmente los unos con los otros” Colombia, ha mostrado su deseo de incorporar en su noción de Estado social de Derecho la premisa de que “Todos los seres humanos nacen libres e iguales en dignidad y derechos” y así lo recogió en su Carta Magna, en la reforma constitucional del año 1991, al declarar que “El Estado reconoce y protege la diversidad étnica y cultural de la Nación colombiana”. (Art, 7) y facultar a esas diversidades étnicas, como lo es la Afrodescendiente (en ese momento autodenominada Comunidades negras de Colombia) a proyectar una ley que les permitiera establecer mecanismos para la protección de la identidad cultural y de los derechos de las comunidades negras de Colombia como grupo étnico, y el fomento de su desarrollo económico y social, con el fin de garantizar que estas comunidades obtengan condiciones reales de igualdad de oportunidades frente al resto de la sociedad colombiana (Art 1, Ley de Comunidades Negras, 70 de 1993)...