A Simulation Model for Unified Interrill Erosion and Rill Erosion on Hillslopes

A mathematical model was developed for simulating runoff generation and soil erosion on hillslopes. The model is comprised of three modules: one for overland flow, one for soil infiltration, and one for soil erosion including rill erosion and interrill er

A unified model for dislocation nucleation, dislocation emission and dislocation free zone

In this paper, a unified model for dislocation nucleation, emission and dislocation free zone is proposed based on the Peierls framework. Three regions are identified ahead of the crack tip. The emitted dislocations, located away from the crack tip in the form of an inverse pileup, define the plastic zone. Between that zone and the cohesive zone immediately ahead of the crack tip, there is a dislocation free zone. With the stress field and the dislocation density field in the cohesive zone and plastic zone being, respectively, expressed in the first and second Chebyshev polynomial series, and the opening and slip displacements in trigonometric series, a set of nonlinear algebraic equations can be obtained and solved with the Newton-Raphson Method. The results of calculations for pure shearing and combined tension and shear loading after dislocation emission are given in detail. An approximate treatment of the dynamic effects of the dislocation emission is also developed in this paper, and the calculation results are in good agreement with those of molecular dynamics simulations.

A unified law of motion of lithospheric plates and the driving mechanism

From observed data on lithospheric plates, a unified empirical law for plate motion,valid for continental as well as oceanic plates, is obtained in the following form: The speedof plate motion U depends linearly on a geometric parameter T_d, ratio of the sum of effectiveridge length and trench arc length to the sum of area of continental part of plate and total areaof cold sinking slab. Based on this unified law, a simple mechanical analysis shows that, themain driving forces for lithospheric plates come from push along the mid-ocean ridge andpull by the cold sinking slab, while the main drag forces consist of the viscous traction beneaththe continental part of plate and over both faces of the sinking slab. Moreover, the specific-push along ridge and pull by slab are found to be of equal magnitude.

A unified guide to two opposite size effects in nano elastic materials

The microstructural variation near surface of nano elastic materials is analyzed based on different potentials. The atomic/molecular mechanism underlying the variation and its effect on elastic modulus are such that the nature of long-range interactions (attractive or repulsive) in the atomic/molecular potentials essentially governs the variation near surface (looser or tighter) and results in two opposite size effects (decreasing or increasing modulus) with decreasing size.

Study of the transmitter antenna gain for intersatellite laser communications

The gain of a transmitter for intersatellite communications is closely related to the performance of all the links. We calculate the transmitter telescope's gain with the help of the rigorous scalar diffraction theory and equivalent optical layout method. Furthermore, a comparison is performed with the conventional imaging method. The results show that the stop inside the telescope can affect the gain of the telescope. Finally, the gain is calculated under the condition of the aberrations. We find that different aberrations cause different effects. (C) 2006 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.

Study of the transmitter antenna gain for intersatellite laser communications

The gain of a transmitter for intersatellite communications is closely related to the performance of all the links. We calculate the transmitter telescope's gain with the help of the rigorous scalar diffraction theory and equivalent optical layout method. Furthermore, a comparison is performed with the conventional imaging method. The results show that the stop inside the telescope can affect the gain of the telescope. Finally, the gain is calculated under the condition of the aberrations. We find that different aberrations cause different effects. (C) 2006 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.

Quantum measurement of a solid-state qubit: A unified quantum master equation approach

Quantum measurement of a solid-state qubit by a mesoscopic detector is of fundamental interest in quantum physics and an essential issue in quantum computing. In this work, by employing a unified quantum master equation approach constructed in our recent publications, we study the measurement-induced relaxation and dephasing of the coupled-quantum-dot states measured by a quantum-point contact. Our treatment pays particular attention on the detailed-balance relation, which is a consequence of properly accounting for the energy exchange between the qubit and detector during the measurement process. As a result, our theory is applicable to measurement at arbitrary voltage and temperature. Both numerical and analytical results for the qubit relaxation and dephasing are carried out, and important features are highlighted in concern with their possible relevance to future experiments.

InP-based optoelectronic devices for optical fiber communications

In this contribution we report the research and development of 1.55 mu m InGaAsP/InP gain-coupled DFB laser with an improved injection-carrier induced grating and of high performance 1.3 mu m and 1.55 mu m InGaAsP/InP FP and DFB lasers for communications. Long wavelength strained MQW laser diodes with a very low threshold current (7-10 mA) have been fabricated. Low pressure MOVPE technology has been employed for the preparation of the layered structure. A novel gain-coupled DFB laser structure with an improved injection-carrier modulated grating has been proposed and fabricated. The laser structures have been prepared by hybrid growth of MOVPE and LPE techniques and reasonably good characteristics have been achieved for resultant lasers. High performance 1.3 mu m and 1.55 mu m InGaAsP/InP DFB lasers have successfully been developed for CATV and trunk line optical fiber communication.

cryptanalysis of the end-to-end security protocol for mobile communications with end-user identification/authentication

IEEE Computer Society

Unified theory for Goos-Hanchen and imbert-fedorov effects

A unified theory is advanced to describe both the lateral Goos-Hanchen (GH) effect and the transverse Imbert-Fedorov (IF) effect, through representing the vector angular spectrum of a three-dimensional light beam in terms of a two-form angular spectrum consisting of its two orthogonal polarized components. From this theory, the quantization characteristics of the GH and IF displacements are obtained, and the Artmann formula for the GH displacement is derived. It is found that the eigenstates of the GH displacement are the two orthogonal linear polarizations in this two-form representation, and the eigenstates of the IF displacement are the two orthogonal circular polarizations. The theoretical predictions are found to be in agreement with recent experimental results.

InP-based optoelectronic devices for optical fiber communications

In this contribution we report the research and development of 1.55 mu m InGaAsP/InP gain-coupled DFB laser with an improved injection-carrier induced grating and of high performance 1.3 mu m and 1.55 mu m InGaAsP/InP FP and DFB lasers for communications. Long wavelength strained MQW laser diodes with a very low threshold current (7-10 mA) have been fabricated. Low pressure MOVPE technology has been employed for the preparation of the layered structure. A novel gain-coupled DFB laser structure with an improved injection-carrier modulated grating has been proposed and fabricated. The laser structures have been prepared by hybrid growth of MOVPE and LPE techniques and reasonably good characteristics have been achieved for resultant lasers. High performance 1.3 mu m and 1.55 mu m InGaAsP/InP DFB lasers have successfully been developed for CATV and trunk line optical fiber communication.

The many-particle scattering system He++ on He: Experiment and a complete unified description

Highly differential experimental results of the scattering system He++ on He at 30 keV are presented as well as a complete unified theoretical description where excitation, transfer and ionization are treated simultaneously on an ab initio level. The agreement even for highly differential cross sections is nearly complete although no explicit correlation besides Pauli correlation is included in the calculations.