基于草图界面的设计方案复用研究

当前的CAD工具缺乏对构思活动中各种设计知识的有效建模,造成设计方案难以在后续工作中灵活、快速地复用.采用基于草图界面的自然交互方式,通过对设计过程中草图信息的分析与建模实现对设计过程的描述;在复用过程中向用户提供推荐方案,支持设计意图的自然表达和方案的灵活复用,从而降低用户认知负担.实验结果表明,这种基于草图信息分析与建模的设计方案能满足敏捷设计的需要,实现了设计方案的灵活复用.

基于模板匹配和SVM的草图符号自适应识别方法

草图符号的自适应学习中，不同用户的训练样本数量可能不同。保持在不同样本数量下良好的学习效果成为需要解决的一个重要问题．提出一种自适应的草图符号识别方法，该方法采用与训练样本个数相关的分类器组合策略将模板匹配方法和SVM统计分类方法进行了高效组合．它通过利用支持小样本学习的模板匹配方法和支持大量样本学习的SVM方法，并同时利用草图符号中的在线信息和离线信息，实现了不同样本个数下自适应的符号学习和识别．基于该方法，文中设计并实现了支持自适应识别的草图符号组件．最后，利用扩展的PIBGToolkit开发出原型系统IdeaNote．评估表明，该方法可以在24类草图符号分别使用1到20个训练样本时具有较高的识别正确率和较好的时间性能．

基于草图界面的应用系统框架研究与实现

现有的草图系统重在设计对象外形的表达，忽略了隐含在设计过程中用户思维活动的信息；另一方面，目前笔的交互方式尚不能自然、流畅地表达用户设计意图．通过分析草图界面信息对象和交互过程的特点，提出面向构思设计的应用系统框架ISF，以满足设计意图原型的快速生成；同时结合交互的任务、环境和用户偏好等上下文信息，建立从物理设备到逻辑工具映射的交互模型，旨在为此类系统的交互设计提供一定指导的方法．最后给出面向轻纺行业服装设计的应用实例——草图图板系统．应用结果表明，ISF能够为此类草图应用系统的设计给予一定的指导，满足自然、流畅的交互设计要求．

co-creativepen toolkit: a pen-based 3d toolkit for children cooperatly designing virtual environment

Co-CreativePen Toolkit is a pen-based 3D toolkit for children cooperatly designing virtual environment. This toolkit is used to construct different applications involved with distributedpen-based 3D interaction. In this toolkit,sketch method is encapsulated as kinds of interaction techniques. Children can use pen to construct 3D and IBR objects, to navigate in the virtual world, to select and manipulate virtual objects, and to communicate with other children. Children can use pen to select other children in the virtual world, and use pen to write message to children selected The distributed architecture of Co-CreativePen Toolkit is based on the CORBA. A common scene graph is managed in the server with several copies of this graph are managed in every client.Every changes of the scene graph in client will cause the change in the server and other client.

基于手势和草图的概念设计协同交互的研究

基于手势和草图的交互模式提供了一种自然和谐的方式来支持概念设计协同操作,促进协同工作系统的发展与应用.基于以用户为中心的设计,比较了不同方式的概念设计过程,提出了基于手势和草图的协同设计方法,进一步讨论了以草图为设计过程中的信息载体,分析了草图信息模型;基于手势操作,提出了协同上下文感知的概念和协同设计上下文描述模型;最后分析并给出面向同步编辑的草图交互设计和双向约束求解方法.所提出的协同设计方法自然简便,提高了设计效率,改善了人机交互方式.

笔式三维草图绘制中的轮廓线技术研究

详细介绍了三维模型轮廓线技术及其检测算法,并深入分析了轮廓线技术在三维草图绘制中的作用;然后设计并实现了一个三维草图绘制系统。该系统提供了用笔绘制三维模型的交互环境,通过轮廓线将三维模型与二维交互手势联系起来,使用户可以自由灵活地操纵和控制三维模型,获得自然、高效的交互体验。

具有实时反馈的草图交互识别方法

针对同步在线草图识别算法中的效率和应用范围问题,提出基于增量式意图提取的识别算法.算法通过定义滞后窗口,采用增量式意图提取的方式理解用户的勾画意图,进而根据当前信息修正以前生成的意图段落,使得识别结果和用户的勾画意图保持一致.实验证明,该算法能够准确、实时地识别用户输入的多种图形.

支持概念设计的特征手势建模

给出了特征手势的概念并且建立了特征手势库 ,描述了基于特征手势的建模过程 ;进一步讨论了特征手势内部的约束建立和求解算法以及上下文感知技术 ,通过与传统建模和交互方式的对比 ,验证了特征手势建模的方便性 文中算法以用户为中心 ,给出了自然简便的设计工具 ,改善了人机交互方式

基于手绘草图的概念设计工具研究与设计

从认知心理学的角度,研究了概念设计的过程,探讨性地指出辅助设计工具应当以灵感为中心。阐述了适合概念设计过程的新的设计方法和交互技术,并介绍了基于手势的草图技术及新一代交互范式———PIBG交互范式。全面分析了约束捕捉、约束求解等关键问题,最后在此基础上给出智能图板系统的设计与实现,为用户提供了一种自然和谐的界面。

基于特征提取的服装外形设计草图推荐技术

草图是服装外形设计中一类高效的信息载体,为了提高服装外形设计的效率,减少大量的重复操作,本文设计并实现了一种基于草图特征提取的二级推荐技术,在设计过程中整合草图轮廓的几何特征和草图勾画过程中的过程特征,同时结合相关反馈技术和用户交互历史数据,并结合笔式界面技术,开发了笔式服装外形设计原型,改善了人机交互方式,能够在用户设计过程中满足草图推荐的目的。

一种草图形式的视频摘要生成方法

视频摘要作为一种视频内容的简要表示,能够有效地增强用户浏览和组织视频的效率。提出了一种基于草图的视频摘要生成方法。与以往的静态视频摘要方法不同,该方法结合视频内容分析,利用草图在表达上的简洁性和抽象性,对视频中的主要内容进行表达。首先通过视频分析获取视频中的语义特征并提取关键帧,然后通过交互式的方法从关键帧中生成草图,最后进行摘要布局生成完整的视频摘要。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效突出视频的主要对象和主要事件,并具有较高的用户满意度。

鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区长8段砂岩输导体定量表征研究

Migration carriers act as the “Bridges” connecting source rock and traps and play important roles in petroleum migration and accumulation system. Among various types of carriers, sandstone carrier constitutes the basis of carrier system consisting of connected sandstone bodies, of sand-bodies connected with other carriers, such as faults and/or unconformities. How do we understand sandstone carrier beyond the traditional reservoirs concept? How could we characterize quantitatively this kind of carriers for petroleum migration? Such subjects are important and difficult contents in dynamic studies on hydrocarbon migration and accumulation. Sandstone carrier of Chang 8 member in Longdong area of Ordos Basin is selected as the research target in this thesis. Through conducting integrated reservoir analysis on many single wells, the correlation between single sandstone thickness and oil thickness seems good. Sketch sandstone is defined in this thesis as the principal part of carrier based on systematical analysis on lithology and sandstone thickness. Geometry connectivity of sandstone bodies was identified by the spatial superposition among them and was proved by the oil property features in oilfields. The connectivity between sandstone carriers is also hydrodynamically studied by observing and analyzed various diagenetic phenomena, especially the authigenic minerals and their forming sequence. The results were used to characterize transporting capability of sandstone carriers during the key petroleum migration periods. It was found that compaction and cementation are main causes to reduce pore space, and resolution may but not so importantly increases pore space after the occurrence of first migration. The cements of ferrocalcite and kiesel seem like the efficient index to demonstrate the hydraulic connection among sandy bodies. Diagenetic sequence and its relationship with petroleum migration phases are analyzed. Sandstone carrier of Chang 8 member was then characterized by studying their pore space and permeable properties. The results show an average porosity and permeability of Chang 8 carriers are respectively 8% and 0.50md, belongs to low porosity - low permeability reservoirs. Further, the physical properties of Chang 81 member are commonly better than those of Chang 82 member. Methods to reconstruct property of sandstone carrier during petroleum migration phase (late Jurassic) are built based on diagenetic sequence. Planal porosity, porosity and permeability of sandstone carrier in this period are statistically analyzed. One combining index - product of thickness and ancient porosity - is selected as the idea parameter to characterize sandstone carrier of late Jurassic after contrast with other parameters. Reservoirs of Chang 8 member in Longdong area are lithological reservoir controlled by sand body in which oil layers in middle part are clamped with dry layers in upper and lower parts, in a sandwich way. Based a newly proposed “migration-diagensis-remigration” model in low permeability sandstone of Chang 8 member in Longdong area, oil migration and accumulation processes during different periods are simulated with the reconstructed sandstone carriers system. Results match well with current reservoir distributions. Finally, suggestions for next favorable exploration areas are given based on all research achievements.

基于精细结构描述及数值试验的断续节理岩体力学参数智能选取

Evaluating the mechanical properties of rock masses is the base of rock engineering design and construction. It has great influence on the safety and cost of rock project. The recognition is inevitable consequence of new engineering activities in rock, including high-rise building, super bridge, complex underground installations, hydraulic project and etc. During the constructions, lots of engineering accidents happened, which bring great damage to people. According to the investigation, many failures are due to choosing improper mechanical properties. ‘Can’t give the proper properties’ becomes one of big problems for theoretic analysis and numerical simulation. Selecting the properties reasonably and effectively is very significant for the planning, design and construction of rock engineering works. A multiple method based on site investigation, theoretic analysis, model test, numerical test and back analysis by artificial neural network is conducted to determine and optimize the mechanical properties for engineering design. The following outcomes are obtained: (1) Mapping of the rock mass structure Detailed geological investigation is the soul of the fine structure description. Based on statistical window，geological sketch and digital photography，a new method for rock mass fine structure in-situ mapping is developed. It has already been taken into practice and received good comments in Baihetan Hydropower Station. (2) Theoretic analysis of rock mass containing intermittent joints The shear strength mechanisms of joint and rock bridge are analyzed respectively. And the multiple modes of failure on different stress condition are summarized and supplied. Then, through introducing deformation compatibility equation in normal direction, the direct shear strength formulation and compression shear strength formulation for coplanar intermittent joints, as well as compression shear strength formulation for ladderlike intermittent joints are deducted respectively. In order to apply the deducted formulation conveniently in the real projects, a relationship between these formulations and Mohr-Coulomb hypothesis is built up. (3) Model test of rock mass containing intermittent joints Model tests are adopted to study the mechanical mechanism of joints to rock masses. The failure modes of rock mass containing intermittent joints are summarized from the model test. Six typical failure modes are found in the test, and brittle failures are the main failure mode. The evolvement processes of shear stress, shear displacement, normal stress and normal displacement are monitored by using rigid servo test machine. And the deformation and failure character during the loading process is analyzed. According to the model test, the failure modes quite depend on the joint distribution, connectivity and stress states. According to the contrastive analysis of complete stress strain curve, different failure developing stages are found in the intact rock, across jointed rock mass and intermittent jointed rock mass. There are four typical stages in the stress strain curve of intact rock, namely shear contraction stage, linear elastic stage, failure stage and residual strength stage. There are three typical stages in the across jointed rock mass, namely linear elastic stage, transition zone and sliding failure stage. Correspondingly, five typical stages are found in the intermittent jointed rock mass, namely linear elastic stage, sliding of joint, steady growth of post-crack, joint coalescence failure, and residual strength. According to strength analysis, the failure envelopes of intact rock and across jointed rock mass are the upper bound and lower bound separately. The strength of intermittent jointed rock mass can be evaluated by reducing the bandwidth of the failure envelope with geo-mechanics analysis. (4) Numerical test of rock mass Two sets of methods, i.e. the distinct element method (DEC) based on in-situ geology mapping and the realistic failure process analysis (RFPA) based on high-definition digital imaging, are developed and introduced. The operation process and analysis results are demonstrated detailedly from the research on parameters of rock mass based on numerical test in the Jinping First Stage Hydropower Station and Baihetan Hydropower Station. By comparison，the advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Then the applicable fields are figured out respectively. (5) Intelligent evaluation based on artificial neural network (ANN) The characters of both ANN and parameter evaluation of rock mass are discussed and summarized. According to the investigations, ANN has a bright application future in the field of parameter evaluation of rock mass. Intelligent evaluation of mechanical parameters in the Jinping First Stage Hydropower Station is taken as an example to demonstrate the analysis process. The problems in five aspects, i. e. sample selection, network design, initial value selection, learning rate and expected error, are discussed detailedly.