EDMOCSS-有毒有机化学品在土壤－植物系统中暴露动态的新模型研究－－菲（Phenanthrene)在沈阳西部城市污水慢速渗滤土地处理系统的暴露动态模拟

有毒有机污染物（TOP）在土壤－植物系统暴露动态模型是TOP生态风险评价和管理的必要手段，是目前TOP环境科学研究的活跃领域。以往主要以经典的对流－扩散方程（CDE）为基础的建模途径存在诸多局限：i.基本过程机制和理论研究尚不完善，制约着系统模型的研究水平；ii.模型过于复杂，在应用上存在很大困难，；iii.普遍缺乏野外实际观测结果的检验。需要开辟和发展新的TOP在土壤－植物系统暴露动态模型正是在此方面的突破。EDMOCSS很大程度上克服了经典建模途径的局限，既包括几乎所有基本过程及其目前普遍接受和应用的理论，模型的结构又不很复杂，具有良好行为特征，应用上较方便。以优先有机污染物－菲（phenanthrene)为供试化学品的野外慢速土地处理系统（SR－LTS）小区动态观察结果，很好地验证了EDMOCSS核心模型－耕作层土壤分室模型的结果，表明了EDMOCSS有较好模拟预测能力，为EDMOCSS的深入研究和应用奠定了基础。

Novel highly stable semiconductors based on phenanthrene for organic field-effect transistors

Two novel phenanthrene-based conjugated oligomers were synthesized and used as p-channel semiconductors in field-effect transistors; they exhibit high mobility and excellent stability during long-time ambient storage and under UV irradiation.

Determination of PAH, PCB, and OCP in water from the Three Gorges Reservoir accumulated by semipermeable membrane devices (SPMD)

Bioavailable water concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and organochlorine pesticides (OCP) were measured in the water column from Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) collected in May 2008 using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs). The sampling sites spanned the whole reservoir from the upstream Chongqing to the great dam covering more than 600 km long distance with water flow velocities ranging from <0.05 to 1.5 m s(-1). This is the first experience of SPMD application in the biggest reservoir in the world. The results of water sampling rates based on performance reference compounds (PRC) were tested to be significantly correlated with water flow velocities in the big river. Results of back-calculated aqueous concentrations based on PRC showed obvious regional variations of PAH, PCB and OCP levels in the reservoir. Total PAH ranged from 13.8 to 97.2 ng L-1, with the higher concentrations occurring in the region of upstream and near the dam. Phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and chrysene were the predominant PAH compounds in TGR water. Total PCB ranged from 0.08 to 0.51 ng L-1, with the highest one occurring in the region near the dam. PCB 28, 52, 101, 138, 153, 180, 118 were the most abundant PCB congeners in the water. The total OCP ranged from 2.33 to 3.60 ng L-1 and the levels showed homogenous distribution in the whole reservoir. HCH, DDT and HCB, PeCB were the major compounds of OCP fingerprints. Based on water quality criteria, the TGR water could be designated as being polluted by HCB and PAH. Data on PAH, PCB and OCP concentrations found in this survey can be used as reference levels for future POP monitoring programmes in TGR. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

微生物的固定化及其降解土壤中菲、芘的研究

该论文是在综合分析中国典型土壤的污染特性与土壤环境背景的基础上，研制开发出适合中国国情的有机污染土壤的污染特性与土壤环境背景的基础上，研制开发出适合中国国情的有机污染土壤清洁技术.采用固定化进行有机物降解试验，目的是以期开发出一条提高有机污染土壤降解效率的新途径.该论文首先通过菌种的筛选与鉴定后，进行微生物的固定化包埋，挑选出最佳的固定化载体.最合理的载体配比是：聚乙烯醇100（p/gL<'-1>），活性炭50（p/gL<'-1>）.同时确定细菌采用化学方法进行固定化包埋，载体形状为球形;真菌采用物理方法进行固定化包埋，载体形状为莲藕型.并将固定化微生物应用于有机污染土壤菲、芘的降解.通过不同接种量的固定化微生物对菲、芘的降解、固定化微生物对不同系列浓度菲和芘的降解以及固定化微生物在自然土壤中对菲、芘降解的各参数测定，说明固定化微生物用于降解土壤中有机污染物具有一定的应用前景.该研究首次将固定化微生物用于降解土壤中有机污染物，为将来的实际应用奠定了一定的理论基础.同时首次采用了新的载体形状——莲藕型，具有一定的创新性.

表面活性剂与菲的复合生态效应

利用表面活性剂去除土壤中难降解的多环芳烃，近年来得到了较多的应用.但对其去污机理及两者共存时的复合毒性，国内外研究甚少.该篇论文以六种不同离子类型、分子结构的表面活性剂和以菲为多环芳烃的代表，研究了表面活性剂对菲降解的影响，和与菲共存时的复合毒性，以及表面活性剂对菲在模拟生态系统中的迁移转化规律的影响.

LAS对菲在土壤(柱)中的迁移影响

The migration of phenanthrene and factors affecting its migration in soil in presence of LAS are studied through the simulation of soil column. Results show that:① Through 180 days of leaching, when the LAS concentration is 0.5 or 5mg·L *.1, the phenanthrene residual rate is less than 10 percent and the residue distributes mainly in surface soil(0-5cm);② When LAS concentration is 0.5mg·L *.1, the phenanthrene residual rate in soil is 3-8 times that of LAS concentration being 5mg·L *.1;③ The phenanthrene residual rate in soil is 2.5-6 times that of soil that with organic matter removed.It's shown that the LAS concentration has obvious effect for the phenanthrene residual rate in soil and the organic matter in soil has good cap ability in keeping phenanthrene.

An electroosmotic pump for packed capillary liquid chromatography

An electroosmotic pump (EOP) capable of generating pressure above 3 MPa and mul/min flow rate with reverse phase mobile phases of HPLC was constructed and evaluated. The pump consisted of three parallel connected fused silica capillary columns (25 cm x 320 mum I.D.) packed with 2 mum silica materials, hollow electrodes, a high voltage DC power supply, and. a liquid pressure transducer. The EOP was applied in a capillary liquid chromatographic system for mobile phase delivery instead of a mechanical pump. Standard samples containing thiourea, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene and acetonitrile were separated on a 15 cm x 320 mum I.D. 5 mum Chromasil C-18 packed capillary column with acetonitrile/water as mobile phase. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

固定化微生物降解土壤中菲和芘的研究

Immobilized with PVA,sodium alginate and activated carbon,both Zoogloea sp. and Fusarium sp.strains could degrade phenanthrene and pyrene efficiently.The optimal carrier was made of 100ρ·g -1 L PVA,5 sodium alginateρ·g -1 L and 50 activated carbon ρ·g -1 L.The degradation rates of phenanthrene and pyrene in 10 days were 87.48% and 75.34% by the immobilized bacterium,37.04% and 20.85% higher than those by the free bacterium,and the rates in 15 days were 84.36% and 74.87% by the immobilized fungus,5.35% and 11.23% higher than those by the free fungus.

Ambipolar organic heterojunction transistors with various p-type semiconductors

Ambipolar transport has been realized in organic heterojunction transistors with metal phthalocyanines, phenanthrene-based conjugated oligomers as the first semiconductors and copper-hexadecafluoro-phthalocyanine as the second semiconductor. The electron and hole mobilities of ambipolar devices with rod-like molecules were comparable to the corresponding single component devices, while the carrier mobility of ambipolar devices with disk-like molecules was much lower than the corresponding single component devices.