Donut-Shaped Fingerprint In Homologous Polypeptide Relationships-A Topological Feature Related To Pathogenic Structural Changes In Conformational Disease

Features of homologous relationship of proteins can provide us a general picture of protein universe, assist protein design and analysis, and further our comprehension of the evolution of organisms. Here we carried Out a Study of the evolution Of protein molecules by investigating homologous relationships among residue segments. The motive was to identify detailed topological features of homologous relationships for short residue segments in the whole protein universe. Based on the data of a large number of non-redundant Proteins, the universe of non-membrane polypeptide was analyzed by considering both residue mutations and structural conservation. By connecting homologous segments with edges, we obtained a homologous relationship network of the whole universe of short residue segments, which we named the graph of polypeptide relationships (GPR). Since the network is extremely complicated for topological transitions, to obtain an in-depth understanding, only subgraphs composed of vital nodes of the GPR were analyzed. Such analysis of vital subgraphs of the GPR revealed a donut-shaped fingerprint. Utilization of this topological feature revealed the switch sites (where the beginning of exposure Of previously hidden "hot spots" of fibril-forming happens, in consequence a further opportunity for protein aggregation is Provided; 188-202) of the conformational conversion of the normal alpha-helix-rich prion protein PrPC to the beta-sheet-rich PrPSc that is thought to be responsible for a group of fatal neurodegenerative diseases, transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Efforts in analyzing other proteins related to various conformational diseases are also introduced. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

可重构模块化机器人系统的翻越台阶能力研究

从分析系统的工作原理和子机器人运行机理入手,对可重构模块化星球探测机器人系统的翻越台阶能力进行了研究。对于单体子机器人,提出了通过加反向速度和规划手臂姿态的方法,使其能够顺利翻越台阶型障碍物,增强了单体子机器人的翻越台阶能力。由几个子机器人组成的新系统极大地扩展了单体子机器人的环境适应能力,分析了有利于子机器人组合翻越台阶型障碍物的组合形式,提出了首尾相连成环形连接的构型是翻越台阶的最佳组合,并提出了根据环境条件采取不同策略的决策方法,即对于较低的台阶,采取子机器人组合一起翻越,对于高台阶,采取将一个子机器人送上台阶的策略。最后,通过静力学分析,得出了单体子机器人和子机器人组合所能翻越台阶型障碍物的极限尺寸,实际实验很好地验证了分析结果。

中职生的成就动机与行为问题的关系

Achievement motive is human’s social motive. In some sense, one’s all-life achievements are decided by his/her achievement motive. By which we can conclude that achievement motive has close connection with individual emotional experience. People pursuing success experience more positive emotion and less negative one, and have good behavioral adaptability. This study aims at explore the relation between achievement motive and behavior problems in the secondary vocational education schools through questionaries (the achievement motivation scale, UCLA Loneliness Scale，State-Trait Anxiety Inventory，Center for Epidemiologic Studies depression Scale and middle school students'behavior questionnaire). There were 1005 students whose age ranged from 14to21 years completed the questionnaires. The main conclusions of this thesis are as follows: (1) Achievement motive of student in the secondary vocational education schools is significantly lower than that of students in the senior high school. (2) Students in the secondary vocational education schools show more obvious emotion and Externalizing behavior problems than those of the senior high schools. (3) Students’ motivation for pursuing success in the secondary vocational education schools has negative correlation with emotion and Externalizing behavior problem, while the motivation for avoiding failure has positive correlation with the emotion and Externalizing behavior problem. Achievement motivation has negative correlation with emotion and Externalizing behavior problem. (4) Students’ achievement motivation shows obvious gender difference in the secondary vocational education schools. The avoiding failure element shows upward trend with the grades increasing and the difference is obvious. While the students’ achievement motive in the secondary vocational education schools shows significantly downward trend with the grades increasing. Whether holding a post at school has influence on the students’ achievement motivation, and the difference is significant. (5) Students’ Externalizing behavior problem in the secondary vocational education schools shows obvious gender difference. Whether holding a post at school has influence on the students’ Externalizing behavior problem, and depression and loneliness, and the difference is significant. Key words: Students in the Secondary Vocational Education Schools, Achievement Motivation, Behavior Problem, Emotion Problem, Externalizing Behavior Problem (Note: In this study, the behavior problems include not only the externalizing behavior problems, but also emotion problems.)

内容预警对说服的影响

There are still some controversies surrounding the effects of forewarning of message content on persuasion and the mediating mechanism operating when persons are forwarned of message content on high involvement. Two experiments were designed to investigate these questionable points. It was found: 1. The effects of a warning on persuasion depends on the extent of involvement. Subjects who were highly involved in the topic showed resistance to persuasion. 2. However, forewarning have different effects on persuasion in the low-involvement condition according to some sub-variables (such as commitment, self -presentation motive, etc.). 3. The mechanism mediating the resistance to persuasion conveyed by a warning concerning the content of an impending discrepand communication on a highly involving topic is very complicated. The experiments indicated that anticipatory counterargument is a typical cognitive response, besides, source degoration and "tubborn refusal to give in" are also usually found.