草鱼出血病病毒形态结构及其理化特性的研究

<正> 草鱼出血病(Hemorrhage of grass carp)是草鱼种饲养阶段危害最严重的疾病。我所鱼病室病毒组于1978年报导了其病原研究,认为是由一种病毒所引起。1980年又报道了病原的电镜观察,在人工感染致病的草鱼肾组织的超薄切片中看到病毒颗粒,并暂名为草鱼疱疹病毒(Herpesvirus of grass carp)。为了进一步了解该病毒的特性及形态结构,近年来,我们提纯了病毒,作了一些理化特性测定和电镜观察,现将结果简报如下。

Subcellular localization and characterization of G protein-coupled receptor homolog from lymphocystis disease virus isolated in China

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute a large superfamily involved in various types of signal transduction pathways, and play an important role in coordinating the activation and migration of leukocytes to sites of infection and inflammation. Viral GPCRs, on the other hand, can help the virus to escape from host immune surveillance and contribute to viral pathogenesis. Lymphocystis disease virus isolated in China (LCDV-C) contains a putative homolog of cellular GPCRs, LCDV-C GPCR. In this paper, LCDV-C GPCR was cloned, and the subcellular localization and characterization of GPCR protein were investigated in fish cells. LCDV-C GPCR encoded a 325-amino acid peptide, containing a typical seven-transmembrane domain characteristic of the chemokine receptors and a conserved DRY motif that is usually essential for receptor activation. Transient transfection of GPCR-EGFP in fathead minnow (FHM) cells and epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells indicated that LCDV-C GPCR was expressed abundantly in both the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. Transient overexpression of GPCR in these two cells cannot induce obvious apoptosis. FHM cells stably expressing GPCR showed enhanced cell proliferation and significant anchorage-independent growth. The effects of GPCR protein on external apoptotic stimuli were examined. Few apoptotic bodies were observed in cells expressing GPCR treated with actinomycin D (ActD). Quantitative analysis of apoptotic cells indicated that a considerable decrease in the apoptotic fraction of cells expressing GPCR, compared with. the control cells, was detected after exposure to ActD and cycloheximide. These data suggest that LCDV-C GPCR may inhibit apoptosis as part of its potential mechanism in mediating cellular transformation.