Nano-hardness Techniques and Its Applications in Mechanical Property Measurements for Surface Engineering

结合纳米硬度技术测量各类薄膜和块体材料表层的纳米压痕硬度、弹性模量、断裂韧性、膜厚、微结构的弯曲变形,采用纳米划痕硬度技术测量各类薄膜和块体材料的粗糙度、临界附着力、摩擦系数、划痕横剖面.纳米硬度计是检测材料表层微米乃至几十纳米力学性能的先进仪器,可广泛应用于表面工程中的质量检测.

Ultrasonic Tomography and Its Applications in oilfield

UTT (Ultrasonic Tomography Tool) is widely used in the oil industry and can be used to inspect corrosion, casing wall damage, casing breakoff, and casing distortion in the well borehole with the maximum environment temperature being 125 °C, and the pressure being 60 MPa. UTT consists of tool head, upper centralization, electronic section, lower centralization, transmitters, and receivers. Its outer diameter is 4.6 cm and length is 320 cm. The measured casing diameter ranges from 60 mm to 254 mm. The tomography resolution is 512×512. The borehole measurement accuracy is 2 mm. It can supply 3D pipe tomography, including horizontal and vertical profile. This paper introduces its specification, measurement principle, and applications in oilfield.damage, casing breakoff, and casing distortion in the well borehole with the maximum environment temperature being 125 °C, and the pressure being 60 MPa. UTT consists of tool head, upper centralization, electronic section, lower centralization, transmitters, and receivers. Its outer diameter is 4.6 cm and length is 320 cm. The measured casing diameter ranges from 60 mm to 254 mm. The tomography resolution is 512×512. The borehole measurement accuracy is 2 mm. It can supply 3D pipe tomography, including horizontal and vertical profile. This paper introduces its specification, measurement principle, and applications in oilfield.

Teracluster LSSC-II - Its Designing Principles and Applications in Large Scale Numerical Simulations

The teracluster LSSC-II installed at the State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing, Chinese Academy of Sciences is one of the most powerful PC clusters in China. It has a peek performance of 2Tflops. With a Linpack performance of 1.04Tflops, it is ranked at the 43rd place in the 20th TOP500 List (November 2002), 51st place in the 21st TOP500 List (June 2003), and the 82nd place in the 22nd TOP500 List (November 2003) with a new Linpack performance of 1.3Tflops. In this paper, we present some design principles of this cluster, as well as its applications in some largescale numerical simulations.

New Numerical Algorithms in SUPER CE/SE and Their Applications in Explosion Mechanics

The new numerical algorithms in SUPER/CESE and their applications in explosion mechanics are studied. The researched algorithms and models include an improved CE/SE (space-time Conservation Element and Solution Element) method, a local hybrid particle level set method, three chemical reaction models and a two-fluid model. Problems of shock wave reflection over wedges, explosive welding, cellular structure of gaseous detonations and two-phase detonations in the gas-droplet system are simulated by using the above-mentioned algorithms and models. The numerical results reveal that the adopted algorithms have many advantages such as high numerical accuracy, wide application field and good compatibility. The numerical algorithms presented in this paper may be applied to the numerical research of explosion mechanics.

Development of polymorphic EST markers in Penaeus monodon: applications in penaeid genetics

The objective of this study was to develop type I markers for genome mapping and other genetic studies of Penaeus monodon. Primers were designed based on expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from a P monodon cephalothorax cDNA library to amplify 100-300 bp products. 34 of the primer pairs successfully amplified PCR products from genomic DNA. Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis showed that similar to 30% of the ESTs tested exhibit polymorphism in a test panel of P monodon individuals. Mendelian inheritance of the EST-derived markers has been established in two international reference mapping families of P monodon, and mapping of these markers is in progress. Some ESTs were successfully amplified from other Penaeus species (P. chinensis, P japonicus and P vannamei), indicating that the markers are applicable in cross-species comparison. Two populations of P. japonicus could be differentiated using one of the ESTS. In conclusion, the polymorphic EST markers developed in this study are applicable in genome mapping and population genetic studies of penaeid shrimp. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect of Anode Floating Voltage and its Applications in Characterizing Silicon Drift Detectors

Anode floating voltage is predicted and investigated for silicon drift detectors (SDDs) with an active area of 5 mm(2) fabricated by a double-side parallel technology. It is demonstrated that the anode floating voltage increases with the increasing inner ring voltage, and is almost unchanged with the external ring voltage. The anode floating voltage will not be affected by the back electrode biased voltage until it reaches the full-depleted voltage (-50 V) of the SDD. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the anode floating voltage is equal to the sum of the inner ring voltage and the built-in potential between the p(+) inner ring and the n(+) anode. A fast checking method before detector encapsulation is proposed by employing the anode floating voltage along with checking the leakage current, potential distribution and drift properties.

Deposition of p-type nc-SiC : H thin films with subtle carbon incorporation for applications in p-i-n solar cells

This paper presents a detailed study on the effects of carbon incorporation and substrate temperature on structural, optical, and electrical properties of p-type nanocrystalline amorphous silicon films. A p-nc-SiC: H thin film with optical gap of 1.92 eV and activation energy of 0.06 eV is obtained through optimizing the plasma parameters. By using this p-type window layer, single junction diphasic nc-SiC : H/a-Si : H solar cells have been successfully prepared with a V-oc of 0.94 eV.

Synthesis of high quality n-type CdS nanobelts and their applications in nanodevices

High quality n-type CdS nanobelts (NBs) were synthesized via an in situ indium doping chemical vapor deposition method and fabricated into field effect transistors (FETs). The electron concentrations and mobilities of these CdS NBs are around (1.0x10(16)-3.0x10(17))/cm(3) and 100-350 cm(2)/V s, respectively. An on-off ratio greater than 10(8) and a subthreshold swing as small as 65 mV/decade are obtained at room temperature, which give the best performance of CdS nanowire/nanobelt FETs reported so far. n-type CdS NB/p(+)-Si heterojunction light emitting diodes were fabricated. Their electroluminescence spectra are dominated by an intense sharp band-edge emission and free from deep-level defect emissions. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.

Surface Initiated Polymerization from Substrates of Low Initiator Density and Its Applications in Biosensors

Surface initiated polymerization (SIP) has become an attractive method for tailoring physical and chemical properties of surfaces for a broad range of applications. Most of those application relied on the merit of a high density coating. In this study we explored a long overlooked field of SIP. SIP from substrates of low initiator density. We combined ellipsometry with AFM to investigate the effect of initiatior density and polymerization time on the morphology of polymer coatings. In addition, we carefully adjusted the nanoscale separation of polymer chains to achieve a balance between nonfouling and immobilization capacities. We further tested the performance of those coating on various biosensors, such as quartz crystal microbalance, surface plasmon resonance, and protein microarrays. The optimized matrices enhanced the performance of those biosensors. This report shall encourage researches to explore new frontiers in SIP that go beyond polymer brushes.

Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles as peroxidase mimetics and their applications in H2O2 and glucose detection

Artificial enzyme mimetics are a current research interest because natural enzymes bear some serious disadvantages, such as their catalytic activity can be easily inhibited and they can be digested by proteases. A very recently study reported by Yan et al. has proven that Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) exhibit an intrinsic enzyme mimetic activity similar to that found in natural peroxidases, though MNPs are usually thought to be biological and chemical inert (Gao, L. Z.; Zhuang, J.; Nie, L.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhang, Y.; Gu, N.; Wang, T. H.; Feng, J.; Yang, D. L.; Perrett, S.; Yan, X. Y. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2007, 2, 577-583).