New Efficiency Records for Stable Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with Low-Volatility and Ionic Liquid Electrolytes

We report a high molar extinction coefficient heteroleptic polypyridyl ruthenium sensitizer, featuring an electron-rich 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene unit in its ancillary ligand. A nanocrystalline titania film stained with this sensitizer shows an improved optical absorption, which is highly desirable for practical dye-sensitized solar cells with a thin photoactive layer, facilitating the efficient charge collection.

粪肥堆腐过程中有机酸的变化

通过模拟试验研究了鸡粪和奶牛粪肥堆腐过程中有机酸的种类、含量和变化规律。结果表明 ,鸡粪腐熟过程中会形成和累积大量的有机酸 ,在堆腐的第 5周 ,最高含量可达 88 2cmol/kg ,DW ;不挥发性有机酸在堆腐的第 3周和第 5周分别达到两个高峰 ,挥发性有机酸在第 6周和第 9周分别达到高峰 ,到第 9周后 ,鸡粪中的有机酸大大降低。鸡粪中除了存在大量的芳香酸如苯二酸及其衍生物外 ,在堆腐的过程中还有大量的丁二酸及其衍生物等多元脂肪酸生成。奶牛粪肥的有机酸以不挥发性有机酸为主 ,总酸量最高可达 2 9 38cmol/kg ,DW ;奶牛粪肥中的不挥发有机酸主要是苯二羧酸的衍生物和长链脂肪酸。堆腐过程中有机酸的种类和数量变化较大。堆腐的第 6周 ,产生了多种激素类物质

高温实验中重金属钼在硅酸盐熔体中的含量研究

This dissertation discusses current status of high temperature and high pressure and focuses on analyzing systematically the solubility of heavy metals in the silicate magma in HTHP experiments. The high temperature study on the content of heavy metal molybdenum in the silicate melts in this dissertation, which is granted, based on the geology mineralization model and the theory of HTHP experiments and combined with mineralization grade and geochemical nature of Mo, discusses the difference of mineralization between mantle plume and aqueous fluids and comes to the conclusions, which are as follows: (1) The content of Mo in the silicate melts is much greater than Mo mineralization grade. The molybdenum ore has the exploitation value when the industrial grade is higher than 0.06%. Mo content in different silicate melts varies because of the concentration of SiO2, that is, Mo content in the granodiorite is greater. (2) The content of Mo, which varies with reaction time, arises first and drops down in the alkali basalt melts, while variation is not too obvious in the granodiorite melts on the whole. (3) According to the picture of sample, the conclusion is not reached very well on some issues, such as the volatility and characteristic of molybdenum oxide and dependence on the geology environment.