Effect of age and breeding season on the developmental capacity of oocytes from unstimulated and follicle-stimulating hormone-stimulated rhesus monkeys

Effects of age and season on the developmental capacity of oocytes from unstimulated and FSH-stimulated rhesus monkeys were examined, Immature cumulus-oocyte complexes were matured in vitro in modified CMRL-1066 medium containing 20% bovine calf serum and

Effects of rhFSH regimen and time interval on ovarian responses to repeated stimulation cycles in rhesus monkeys during a physiologic breeding season

We studied the effects of repeated stimulation by recombinant human FSH (rhFSH) at various time intervals during a physiologic breeding season in rhesus monkeys. Ovarian recovery and responses were assessed by ultrasonography, serum steroid concentrations

Diurnal time budget of the Black-necked Crane during the breeding season

From 26 March to 2 August 2003, both the time budget and the diurnal rhythm of behavior of breeding Black-necked Cranes (Grus nigricollis) were studied at Ruoergai Wetlands National Natural Reserve, Sichuan Province, China. The breeding season was divided

Amolops bellulus: A new species of stream-breeding frog from western Yunnan, China (Anura : Ranidae)

We describe a new species of stream-breeding frog of the genus Amolops, Amolops bellulus, from the mountainous region of Lushui County, Yunnan Province, China, near the boundary between Yunnan and Myanmar. This species differs from all its congeners in a combination of morphological characteristics including the absence of a circummarginal groove at the tip of first finger, lack of a supratympanic fold, a white band along the upper jaw extending to shoulder, a black band starting from tip of snout along upper loreal region and extending to anterior flank of body, absence of a vocal sac, tympanum distinct and feebly concave, and the presence of vomerine teeth.

In situ nutrient removal from aquaculture wastewater by aquatic vegetable Ipomoea aquatica on floating beds

Nutrient-rich effluents caused rising concern due to eutrophication of aquatic environment by utilization of a large amount of formula feed. Nutrient removal and water quality were investigated by planting aquatic vegetable on artificial beds in 36-m(2) concrete fishponds. After treatment of 120 days, 30.6% of total nitrogen (TN) and 18.2% of total phosphorus (TP) were removed from the total input nutrients by 6-m(2) aquatic vegetable Ipomoea aquatica. The concentrations of TN, TP, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and chlorophyll a in planted ponds were significantly lower than those in non-planted ponds (P<0.05). Transparency of water in planted ponds was much higher than that of control ponds. No significant differences in the concentration of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) and nitrite nitrogen (NO2--N) were found between planted and non-planted ponds. These results suggested that planting aquatic vegetable with one-sixth covered area of the fishponds could efficiently remove nutrient and improve water quality.

克拉维酸产生菌的诱变育种与发酵工艺优化研究

以克拉维酸产生菌棒状链霉菌Streptomyces clavuligerus CCRC11518（ATCC 27064）III50为出发菌株, 首先比较各种物理和化学诱变剂处理对其克拉维酸生物合成的影响, 确定了亚硝基胍为棒状链霉菌诱变育种的诱变剂及其处理剂量: 2mg/ml、40min. 经浓度为2mg/ml的亚硝基胍处理40min后, 采用新颖理性化筛选方法, 通过逐步筛选自身代谢产物抗性突变株、克拉维酸抗性突变株和链霉素抗性突变株, 最终得到一株克拉维酸高产菌VI118(效价633μg/ml), 其克拉维酸效价是出发菌株(效价377μg/ml)的167.9%. 该高产突变株在琼脂斜面培养基上连续传接10代, 克拉维酸效价保持稳定. 通过单因子和多因子摇瓶正交试验, 对高产菌株VI118的发酵条件进行了研究, 确定最佳发酵条件: 甘油60g, 水解植物蛋白 60g, KH2PO4 0.5 g, 玉米浆 7.5g, MnSO4•H2O 0.34g, MgSO4•7H2O 0.99g, FeSO4•7H2O 0.56g, 蒸馏1000ml, pH 7.0, 发酵培养基装量20ml/250ml三角瓶, 接种量10％, 培养温度28ºC, 220r/min摇床培养72h后测定效价. 在最佳发酵条件下克拉维酸效价达到651μg/ml, 同时把初始发酵培养基的昂贵成分替换为廉价的工业原料. 通过摇瓶分批补料试验, 得到最佳补料物质和补料方式：在上述最佳发酵条件下, 分别在发酵培养48h、56h、64h、72h时补加4ml无菌水, 80h发酵结束, 克拉维酸效价达到905μg/ml. 在不增加原料成本的情况下通过摇瓶补料方式克拉维酸效价为未补料的139.0％, 总产量为未补料的264％. By a novel rational screening method, mutant Streptomyces clavuligerus CCRC11518（ATCC 27064）III50（titres 377μg/ml）, as the clavulanic acid-producing parent strain, was treated by NTG (2mg/ml) for 40min, and the self-generated metabolites resistant mark, the clavulanic acid resistant mark and the streptomycin resistant mark were added step by step. Finally, the mutant VI118（titres 633μg/ml）with the three marks was obtained. The clavulanic acid productivity of this mutant was increased by 167.9% compared with the parent strain. After reproducing 10 generations on the agar medium slant, the productivity of this mutant was stable. The optimum fermentation conditions were established as followings: glycerol 60g, acid hydrolyzed vegetable protein 60g, KH2PO4 0.5g, corn steep liquor 7.5g, MnSO4•H2O 0.34g, MgSO4•7H2O 0.99g, FeSO4•7H2O 0.56g, distilled water 1 liter, pH 7.0, 20ml in 250ml shake-flask, inoculation 10%(v/v), fermentation temperature 28ºC, rotation speed 220 r/min, time 72h. The clavulanic acid productivity was 651μg/ml, while used the low-priced industrial raw materials. After studying on fed-batch in the shake-flask, the optimum fed-batch manner was obtained: under optimum fermentation conditions, at 48h, 56h, 64h and 72h, adding 4ml distilled water into each flask, fermentation ending at 80h. The clavulanic acid productivity was increased by 139% compared with no fed-batch, meanwhile the total yield was increased by 264%.

阿佛曼链霉菌的~(12)C离子辐照效应及高产菌株选育；Research on Mutation Breeding of High-producing Strains from Streptomyces Avermitilis Irradiated by Ion Beam of ~(12)C~(6+)

选用12C6+离子辐照诱变阿维菌素B1a产生菌ZJAV-A1,研究其诱变效应。实验结果表明,12C6+离子辐照剂量50Gy时致死率97%,正突变率最高可达到34.2%。通过12C6+离子诱变处理,结合平板培养基及斜面培养基的正突变菌株筛选,最终获得一株稳定性良好,阿维菌素B1a组分产量稳定在4460—4588μg/ml之间,较出发菌株提高11.1%—14.7%的突变株ZJAV-Y1-203。