Modelling the long-term sustainability of indigenous hunting in Manu National Park, Peru: landscape-scale management implications for Amazonia

P> Widespread hunting throughout Amazonia threatens the persistence of large primates and other vertebrates. Most studies have used models of limited validity and restricted spatial and temporal scales to assess the sustainability. We use human-demographi

黄土高原水土流失治理进展及其对策

黄土高原地区水土流失类型复杂,既有自然因素和人为因素,也有水力、风力、重力产生的变化。同时气候干旱、水资源缺乏成为植物生长和生态环境改善的最大障碍。在国家实施西部大开发的进程中,良好的生态环境成为生存与发展和建设小康社会的标志。无论从西部大开发的战略角度考虑,还是从退耕还林(草)政策实施8年以后,如何解决黄土高原地区人民群众衣食住行、经济发展问题及黄河减沙的角度来看,采取有效措施,加快该区的生态建设已势在必行。根据第十一个五年规划的建议,以生态恢复学和土壤侵蚀学的基本原理为指导,分析了黄土高原地区的重要性,探讨了黄土高原生态建设与经济发展的基本现状,因地制宜地提出了发展对策。

大兴安岭地区森林景观沿主要河流两侧分布的变化

In this paper, the regularity and changes of the forest landscape along the major rivers, namely, Nuomin River,Bila River and Zhawen River in Daxing'an Mountains, Bilahe Forestry Bureau based on the interpretation of TM data were studied. The results showed that the regularity has changed a lot due to the gradually stronger human intervention on forest landscape. The most obvious change was the cultivated lands had been expanding alongside the major rivers. With the increasing of population, the only way to satisfy the increasing needs of the local people for subsistence is by expanding cultivated lands because of the backwardness of agriculture productivity. The regularity of conifer distribution along rivers of 1997 has changed in the diverse direction of that of 1988. The proportion of conifer gradually increases with 1 000 m further away from the major rivers. That is due to the favorable availability of conifer alongside river bank, the most populated area in the forest region.

中国西部退耕还林基本策略研究

21世纪,生态危机成为人类面临的最大威胁,森林作为陆地生态系统的主体,自然成为世人瞩目的集点.由于中国西部水土流失、土地沙化、水资源紧张、生物多样性锐减等问题越来越突出,给人民的生活与国民经济发展造成巨大损失.退耕还林成为中华民族生存与发展的根本大计,这不仅关系到当代人的生存与发展,而且关系到子孙后代的生存与发展.文章在上述背景下,提出了符合中国实际的对策,供决策部门参考.