Voronoi图用于确定城市经济影响区域的空间组织

确定城市经济影响区域的空间组织是一项十分复杂的工作,在区域规划和城市规划中有着重要的理论和实际意义.目前,通常是利用数理统计的方法进行城市的分级,并以此来确定区域中的中心城市,未充分考虑区域空间中城市之间的竞争关系;确定城市经济影响区域时,往往采用断裂点公式来划定两两城市之间的分界线,当城市的数量较多时,这种方法有困难且工作十分繁杂.本研究提出可以用Voronoi图来确定各级城市的空间影响区,并利用Voronoi多边形邻居关系的性质来确定城市体系中不同等级城市之间的空间组织关系.

Regio-regular structure high molecular weight poly(propylene carbonate) by rare earth ternary catalyst and Lewis base cocatalyst

Lewis base modification strategy on rare earth ternary catalyst was disclosed to enhance nucleophilic ability of active center during copolymerization of carbon dioxide and propylene oxide (PO), poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) with H-T linkages over 83%, and number-average molecular weight (M-n) up to 100 kg/mol was synthesized at room temperature using Y(CCl3OO)(3)-ZnEt2-glycerine catalyst and 1,10-phenanthroline (PHEN) cocatalyst. Coordination of PHEN with active Zinc center enhanced the nucleophilic ability of the metal carbonate, which became more regio-specific in attacking carbon in PO, leading to PPC with improved H-T linkages.

Fixation of carbon dioxide into aliphatic polycarbonate, cobalt porphyrin catalyzed regio-specific poly(propylene carbonate) with high molecular weight

Cobalt porphyrin complex ((TPPCoX)-X-III) (TPP = 5, 10, 15, 20-Tetraphenylporphyrin; X = halide) in combination with ionic organic ammonium salt was used for the regio-specific copolymerization of propylene oxide and carbon dioxide. A turnover frequency of 188 h(-1) was achieved after 5 h, and the byproduct propylene carbonate was successfully controlled to below 1%, where the obtained poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) showed number average molecular weight (M-n) of 48 kg/mol, head-to-tail content of 93%, and carbonate linkage of over 99%.