Facile synthesis of ginsenoside Ro

Two concise synthetic routes, being different in the glycosylation sequence, toward ginsenoside Ro (1) are developed. These syntheses feature the elaboration of the glucuronide residue at a later stage via the TEMPO-mediated selective oxidation and the installation of AZMB as a benzoylic neighboring participating group capable of being selectively removed afterward.

镜质体反射率（Ro）推算古地温研究进展

沉积盆地形成和演化过程中，盆地的热体制是动态变化的，研究的方法也多种多样，文中详细地介绍了各种运用有机质成文工来研究盆地热演化的方法。并对它们的优缺点进行了评价，因此得出适合自己工作区的两种方法：A，Hood图解法和镜质体反射率梯度法，前者是较为成熟的方法 ，而后者是较新的方法.

Enhancement of boron removal in treatment of spent rinse from a plating operation using RO

Boron removal is a critical issue in the production of drinking water and of ultra-pure water in the electronics industry. Boron rejection in a RO process is typically in the range of 40-60%. The objective of this study was to distinguish the factor contributing to enhanced boron rejection in reclamation of a spent rinse stream from a plating operation. The effects of different known components used in the feed on boron removal were investigated in the laboratory. The results indicated that glycolic acid and antifoulants could not individually enhance boron rejection in a RO process. A high boron rejection of 95% was achieved as the concentration of iron in the feed was 10 times higher than that of boron, which might be due to formation of a complex between iron oxide and boron. The finding was confirmed in a pilot study.