噬菌体434单链阻遏蛋白的高亲和力DNA结合序列的设计和筛选

一． 设计和筛选单链阻遏蛋白的高亲和力DNA结合序列 　　单链阻遏蛋白RRTRES是噬菌体434阻遏蛋白的衍生物，它是噬菌体434阻 遏蛋白的N端DBD(1-69位氨基酸)组成的共价二聚体。这个单链分子有两个DBD，一个是野生型噬菌体434的DBD-R，另一个是突变了的DBD - RTRES，二者用重组接头以头接尾的方式连接起来。在RTRES的α3-螺旋中．1、1、2、5位氨基酸与DNA识别紧密相关，它们分别为T、R、E、S。为了筛选出突变的RTRES的DNA结合位点，设计了核心序列为CATACAAGAAAGNNNNNNTTTATG随机DNA库，通过RRTRES与随机DNA库的体外结合和循环筛选。将筛选到的群体克隆并测序。通过与单链阻遏蛋白RRTRES的亲和力测定，对每一个筛选到的序列进行特性分析。结果表明，当结合位点（上述划线部分）为TTAC或TTCC时为最适操纵区序列。它们与单链阻遏蛋白RRTRES的亲和力很高，Kd值在1-10pM的范围。其中随机部分为TTTACG的操纵区与RRTRES的亲和力最高，Kd值约为lpM;当结合位点为TTAC时，平均Kd值为3pM：当结合位点为 TTCC时，Kd值在5-lOpM之间。天然噬菌体434阻遏蛋白与其操纵区的亲和力的Kd值在nM数量级，与之相比，所筛选操纵区的亲和力明显提高。此外，亲和力大小还受到结合位点两侧的碱基的影响，特别是5'位碱基的影响。 　　表达纯化同源双突变的单链阻遏蛋白RTRESRTRE'根据RTRES的以上识别特一点，设计了一系列新的操纵区序列，它们的共有序列为GTAAGAAARNTTACN，或GGAAGAAARNTTCCN，并测定它们与RTRES RTRE之间的结合特异性。结果表明，它们可被RTRES RTRES特异识别，且亲和力也很高，Kd值在5-40pM之间。其中GTAAGAAAGTTTACG与RTRES RTRES之间结合的Kd值约为5pM。同样，表达了异源双突变的单链阻遏蛋白R*RTRES，然而它与 设计的相关操纵区的亲和力并不很高，Kd值约为lOOpM。利用本工作中的随机筛选和合理设计的原则，得到了新的具有特异性识别和高亲和力的蛋白一DNA相互作用。这个方法可望用于其他DBP的新的结合特异性的筛选。 二． 非同位素的方法筛选单链阻遏蛋白的最佳DNA结合序列初探 　　克隆和表达了带半胱氨酸尾的单链阻遏蛋白，利用已包被了马来酰胺的活性板可以与自由巯基结合的特性，将蛋白固定在活性板表面。体外筛选RTRES RTRES的最佳DNA结合序列，得到了一些与RTRES RTRES结合的序列，但Kd值nM数量级。此方法需进一步优化。

Highly soluble and stable recombinant holo-phycocyanin alpha subunit expressed in Escherichia coli

C-phycocyanin (Cpc) is one of the phycobiliproteins with highly fluorescent and various pharmacological activities Holo-Cpc-alpha Subunit (holo-CpcA) expressed in Escherichia colt resulted in low yield and tended to aggregate after purification in this Study, we constructed a new plasmid coding holo-CpcA fused with hexahistidine and maltose-binding protein tag, which designated as HMCpcA. to Improve Its Solubility and stability without the Impairment of its spectra anti fluorescent properties HMCpcA was significantly more stable over time and a wider range of pH as compared to holo-CpcA. In addition. both the solubility and yields of HMCpcA increase significantly We here provided an example to demonstrate that MBP could also Improve the stability of the protein it fused while it has been reported as a soluble fusion partner before. This novel fluorescent protein will facilitate the large-scale production and be potentially applicable for the development Of fluorescent probes, as well as antioxidant agents (C) 2009 Elsevier B V. All rights reserved

Investigation of Interactions between Two Monoclonal Antibodies and SARS Virus with a Label-Free Protein Array

The investigation of interactions between two kinds of monoclonal antibodies and SARS virus with a label-free protein array technique were presented in this paper. The performance consists of three parts: a surface modification for ligand immobilization/surface, a protein array fabrication with an integrated microfluidic system for patterning, packaging and liquid handling, and a protein array reader of imaging ellipsometer. This revealed the technique could be used as an immunoassay for qualitative and quantitative detection as wen as kinetic analysis of biomolecule interaction.

Feeding rates affect heat shock protein levels in liver of larval white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus)

A two-week trial was conducted to study the effect of feeding rates on heat shock protein levels in larval white sturgeon. The larvae (30 day post hatch, 230 mg initial body weight) were fed a commercial feed (12.6% moisture, 49.5% crude protein. 20.7% Crude fat, and 8.6% ash) at 5, 15. or 25% body weight per clay (BW d(-1)). Liver heat shock proteins (Hsp) were measured before and after the larvae were subjected to a heat shock from 18 to 26 degrees C at 1 degrees C/15 min and maintained at 26 degrees C for 4 h thereafter. Before heat shock, larvae fed 5% BW d(-1) had significantly (P<0.05) lower final body weight, RNA/DNA ratio, whole body lipid and protein content, and Hsp60 and Hsp70 levels but higher protein efficiency ratio, and whole body moisture content than larvae fed the two higher feeding rates. Heat shock significantly induced Hsp60 and Hsp70 levels in the liver of all fish but they were lower in larvae fed the 5% than those fed 15 and 25% BW d(-1). Hsp70 level increased much more than Hsp60 after the heat shock Suggesting that Hsp70 is a more sensitive biomarker under our experimental conditions. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Analysis of steric mass-action model for protein adsorption equilibrium onto porous anion-exchange adsorbent

The ion-exchange equilibrium of bovine serum albumin (BSA) to an anion exchanger, DEAE Spherodex M, has been studied by batch adsorption experiments at pH values ranging from 5.26 to 7.6 and ionic strengths from 10 to 117.1 mmol/l. Using the unadjustable adsorption equilibrium parameters obtained from batch experiments, the applicability of the steric mass-action (SMA) model was analyzed for describing protein ion-exchange equilibrium in different buffer systems. The parametric sensitivity analysis was performed by perturbing each of the model parameters, while holding the rest constant. The simulation results showed that, at high salt concentrations or low pHs close to the isoelectric point of the protein, the precision of the model prediction decreased. Parametric sensitivity analysis showed that the characteristic charge and protein steric factor had the largest effects on ion-exchange equilibrium, while the effect of equilibrium constant was about 70%-95% smaller than those of characteristic charge and steric factor under all conditions investigated. The SMA model with the relationship between the adjusted characteristic charge and the salt concentration can well predict the protein adsorption isotherms in a wide pH range from 5.84 to 7.6. It is considered that the SMA model could be further improved by taking into account the effect of salt concentration on the intermolecular interactions of proteins. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Co-electrospun poly(lactide-co-glycolide), gelatin, and elastin blends for tissue engineering scaffolds

In this study, we describe composite scaffolds composed of synthetic and natural materials with physicochemical properties suitable for tissue engineering applications. Fibrous scaffolds were co-electrospun from a blend of a synthetic biodegradable polymer (poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), PLGA, 10% solution) and two natural proteins, gelatin (denatured collagen, 8% solution) and (x-elastin (20% solution) at ratios of 3:1:2 and 2:2:2 (v/v/v). The resulting PLGA-gelatin-elastin (PGE) fibers were homogeneous in appearance with an average diameter of 380 80 mn, which was considerably smaller than fibers made under identical conditions from the starting materials (PLGA, 780 +/- 200 nm; gelatin, 447 +/- 1.23 nm; elastin, 1060 170 nm). Upon hydration, PGE fibers swelled to an average fiber diameter of 963 +/- 132 nm, but did not disintegrate. Importantly, PGE scaffolds were stable in an aqueous environment without crosslinking, and were more elastic than those made of pure elastin fibers. To investigate the cytocompatibility of PGE, we cultured H9c2 rat cardiac myoblasts and rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on fibrous PGE scaffolds. We found that myoblasts grew equally as well or slightly better on the scaffolds than on tissue-culture plastic. Microscopic evaluation confirmed that myoblasts reached confluence on the scaffold surfaces while simultaneously growing into the scaffolds.

Recovery of protein from discharged wastewater during the production of chitin

Studies were carried out to optimize the conditions for the recovery of protein. The results showed that pH of 6.00 for wastewater, the dosage of 1% chitosan solution in 1% acetic acid aqueous solution of 2.0 ml for 50 ml wastewater and 1% FeCl3 aqueous solution of 2 ml for 50 ml wastewater, the flocculation time of 4.0 h were the optimal conditions for the recovery of protein. The obtained protein sediment contained abundant amino acids, especially isoleucine, methione and lysine that are absent in other protein resource. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.