SYNTHESIS AND CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR OF (PP-MA)-G-PEO

A new graft copolymer (PP-MA)-g-PEO was synthesized by means of the chemical reaction between maleated polypropylene (PP-MA) and mono hydroxyl poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO-OH). The effect of reaction conditions on the degree of grafting of PEO-OH was studied

PP／极性聚合物共混体系增容及结构与性能研究

本文的主要工作如下：1、本文提出用化学方法将聚丙烯（PP）接枝马来酸酐（MA）的方法，得到了较高接枝率的PP－MA接枝物，MA的接枝状态主要取决于反应条件。2．本文合成了（PP－MA）-g-PEO梳型接枝物，接枝物中PP、PEO结晶性能明显与纯PP、PEO不同。3．采用溶液共混方法制备了PP／PMMA、PP／TPU、PP／PA－12、PP／PEO四种共混物。从实验上证明了PP－MA及（PP－MA）-g-MA两种接枝物对上述四种共混物增容的机理。4．共混物中极性聚合物对PP结晶具有两种不同作用：成核促进作用和结晶阻碍作用。5．在PP／PA－12、PP／PEO这类双晶共混体系中，组分之间相互作用比较复杂，尤其是高熔点组分对低熔点组分的影响，如取向附生作用。6．结晶分极是含有结晶组分不相容共混物的普遍具有的现象，它与组分配比、异种聚合物成核能力及组分之间相容性有必然联系。7、PP－MA是PP／TPU、PP／NBR－26有效增容剂，开发上述两种共混物材料势在必行。

聚氨酯弹性体/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能

本论文分别以尼龙11、PP-MA-1001, pp-MA-1010作为增容剂，采用熔融插层法制备了聚氨酷弹性体／蒙脱土复合材料；并采用XRD, TEM, DSC、FTIR,TGA等手段进行表征。结果表明：以尼龙11为增容剂制备的复合材料中，硅酸盐片层聚集体以微米级分散；以PP-MA-1001为增容剂，硅酸盐片层聚集体以100-400nm均匀分散；以pp-MA-1010为增容剂，硅酸盐片层聚集体以10-1OOnm均匀分散。在熔融插层的研究中我们发现，导致硅酸盐片层在聚氨酷基体中剥离开来而又均一分散的影响因素有两个：(1)增容剂的插层能力；(2)增容剂与聚氨醋弹性体的相容性。MA的含量是影响PP-MA增容作用的关键因素。力学性能测试及DMA结果表明，以PP佩MA-1010为增容剂制备的复合材料储能模量在-50℃以上有了全面提高，且断裂伸长率基本保持。为了加强对比，我们又以四氢吠喃为溶剂，采用溶液插层法制备了聚氨酷弹性体／蒙脱土复合材料，结果表明，硅酸盐片层聚集体在聚氨醋基体中以纳米级分散，复合材料拉伸模量提高两倍，断裂伸长率提高一倍。

Improved Melting Strength of Polypropylene by Reactive Compounding With Ultrafine Full-Vulcanized Polybutadiene Rubber (UFBR) Particles

Ultrafine full-vulcanized polybutadiene rubber (UFBR) in particle sizes of ca. 50-100 nm has been used for modifying mechanical and processing performances of polypropylene (PP), and PP-g-maleic anhydride (PP-MA) has been used as a compatibilizer for enhancing the interfacial adhesion between the two components. The results show that PP/UFBR possesses rheological behaviors such as highly branched PP when UFBR content in blends reaches 10 wt%, while in contrast, the much low content of UFBR combining small amount of PP-MA endows the material with rheological characteristics of high melt strength materials like highly branched PP.

Studies on morphology and crystallization of polypropylene/polyamide 12 blends

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an image analyser are used to study morphologies of the fractured surface, etched by hot phenol, of polypropylene/maleated polypropylene/polyamide 12 PP/PP-MA/PA12) = 65/10/25 blend and PP-MA/PA12 = 75/25 blend. The particle dimension and its distribution of PA12 dispersed phase in these blends are much lower and narrower than that of the PP/PA12. blends. Especially, most of the particles in the PP-MA/PA12 = 75/25 blend are smaller than 0.1 mu m. The effect of the morphology of PP/PA12 blends on their crystallization behaviour is studied using differential scanning calorimetry and SEM. PA12 dispersed phase coarsens during annealing in the PP/PP-MA/PA12 = 65/10/25 blend. The mechanism of coarsening of the PA12 dispersed phase is a coalescence process. The intense mixing between the PP component and the PA12 component through reaction of PP-MA and PA12 leads to a change of dynamic mechanical behaviour of the components. A separation method is used to separate the polyolefin parts (precipitated from hot phenol), from PA12 parts (hot phenol filtrate). Of PP/PP-MA/PA12 = 65/10/25 blend, infra-red measurements and elementary analysis show that the precipitate has a lower PA12 content than the feed, whereas the filtrate has a higher PA12 content. From PP-MA/PA12 = 75/25 blend, PA12 contents in the precipitate and the filtrate are the same as in the feed. This implies that all PA12 has reacted with all PP-MA in the latter case while not in the former case. Using the method of interface exposure, interfacial reaction of PP-MA with PA12 is studied by X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (X.p.s.). Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.

Studies on simultaneous crystallization of polypropylene/nylon 12 blends

The effect of the morphology of polypropylene (PP)/nylon 12 (PA12) blends on their crystallization behaviour is studied using differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy. In PP/maleated polypropylene (PP-MA)/PA12 = 65/10/25 blend, simultaneous crystallization of the PP/PA12 blend occurs under some conditions. When the diameter of the dispersed phase (PA12) is smaller than 0.5 mu m, PP crystallizes first and its crystals induce the crystallization of PA12. When some of the PA12 particles are larger than 0.5 mu m, this part of PA12 crystallizes first. Then this part of the PA12 crystals induces the crystallization of PP, and PP crystals induce the crystallization of PA12 fine droplets in turn.

STUDIES ON COMPATIBILIZATION OF POLYPROPYLENE THERMOPLASTIC POLYURETHANE BLENDS AND MECHANISM OF COMPATIBILIZATION

This paper reports a study of compatibilization and the mechanism of compatibilization of polypropylene (PP)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) blends with maleated polypropylene (PP-MA) and its graft copolymer with polyethylene oxide (PEO), (PP-MA)-g-PEO.

COMPATIBILIZATION OF POLYPROPYLENE POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE) BLENDS AND CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR OF THE BLENDS

The compatibilization of incompatible polypropylene (PP)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) blends was studied. The experimental results showed that the graft copolymer [(PP-MA)-g-PEO] of maleated PP (PP-MA) and mono-hydroxyl PEO (PEO-OH) was a good compatibilize

Brittle-ductile transition in PP/EPDM blends: effect of notch radius

The toughness of polypropylene (PP)/ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) blends was studied over wide ranges of EPDM content and temperature. In order to study the effect of notch radius (R), the toughness of the samples with different notch radii was determined from Izod impact test. The results showed that both toughness and brittle-ductile transition (BDT) of the blends were a function of R, respectively. At test temperatures, the toughness tended to decrease with increasing 1/R for various PP/EPDM blends. Moreover, the brittle-ductile transition temperature (T-BT) increased with increasing 1/R, whereas the critical interparticle distance (IDc) reduced with increasing 1/R. Finally, it was found that the different curves of IDc versus test temperature (T) for different notches reduced down to a master curve if plotting IDc versus T-BT(m)-T, where T-BT(m) was the T-BT of PP itself for a given notch, indicating that T-BT(m)-T was a more universal parameter that determined the BDT of polymers. This conclusion was well in agreement with the theoretical prediction.