Preparation, characterization and gas sensing properties of nickel octa-iso-pentyloxynaphthalocyanine spin-coating films

Spin-coated films of nickel 1,6,10,15,19,24,28,33-octa-iso-pentyloxy-2,3-naphthalocyanine complex were obtained and characterized by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. A linear relationship between the absorbance and solution concentration was observed. Low concentration solutions could afford smooth and homogeneous film surfaces as indicated by atomic force microscopy. The film structure was studied by small angle X-ray diffraction. The films were used for NO2 sensing experiments. The results indicate that the elevation of sensing temperature can shorten the response time and increase recovery ratio and response magnitude of the sensing films. High NO2 concentration can also shorten response time. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

纯公钥模型下对NP语言的高效并发零知识证明系统

提出了一种从3轮公开掷币的对任何NP语言的诚实验证者零知识证明系统到纯公钥模型下4轮f轮最优）对同一语言的具有并发合理性的并发零知识证明系统．该转化方法有如下优点：1）它只引起D（1）（常数个）额外的模指数运算，相比DiCrescenzo等人在ICALP05上提出的需要qn）个额外的模指数运算的转化方法孩系统在效率上有着本质上的提高，而所需的困难性假设不变；2）在离散对数假设下，该转化方法产生一个完美零知识证明系统．注意到DiCrescenzo等人提出的系统只具有计算零知识性质．该转化方法依赖于一个特殊的对承诺中的离散对数的3轮诚实验证者零知识的证明系统．构造了两个基于不同承诺方案的只需要常数个模指数运算的系统这种系统可能有着独立价值．

土壤中苯并（a）芘、壬基酚的生态毒理效应

仅以污染物浓度定义土壤污染并评价其潜在风险，缺乏对其生态毒性效应的综合考虑，不能反映土壤污染对生物及人体健康的潜在危害。传统的生态毒理研究仅局限于依据宏观生理指标，如半致死剂量，产茧量等，这些指标对环境浓度（亚致死浓度）土壤污染的响应较差甚至不响应，无法应用于环境浓度的污染土壤诊断。土壤生物微观生理、生化指标，作为一种较为敏感的土壤生态毒理效应及毒性诊断手段，近几年来成为研究热点。 本文以赤子爱胜蚓（Eisenia fetida）为供试生物，草甸棕壤为供试土壤，以国际标准组织（International Standard Organization-ISO）方法指南为参考，以蚯蚓微粒体细胞色素P450含量、抗氧化酶系（超氧化物歧化酶-SOD、过氧化氢酶-CAT和过氧化物酶-POD）和谷胱甘肽转移酶（GST）活性为指标，进行了的典型多环芳烃污染物-苯并（a）芘和内泌干扰物-壬基酚在土壤中暴露的动态量效关系研究，试验浓度范围为0.1-2 mg•kg -1。 研究结果如下：1）苯并（a）芘与细胞色素P450含量具有动态响应关系。总体上，诱导效应明显，诱导时间对P450活性影响显著（P<0.05）；2）在试验浓度范围（0.1-2 mg•kg-1）内， GST对试验浓度的BaP未产生生态毒性响应；3）CAT 和POD酶活性对低浓度的BaP暴露响应具有延时性（即第7d开始响应）和阶段性（即第7d前无明显响应、第7d后响应消失）特征；4） 在BaP胁迫下，蚯蚓体内SOD产生明显响应，苯并（a）芘暴露1~3d，SOD酶活性整体升高，最大升幅30%，与对照差异显著。苯并（a）芘暴露的第7d和14d， 除0.1 mg•kg -1外，0.5~2 mg•kg-1 BaP处理组中SOD酶活性均显著降低（P<0.05），这表明BaP造成了抗氧化防御酶系的损伤。以上结果表明： 5项指标中, 代谢解毒酶系指标P450和抗氧化酶系指标SOD对BaP暴露响应较为敏感，CAT，POD以及GST的敏感性较差。各指标敏感性总体为：P450>SOD>CAT，POD>GST。综合本试验及其他相关实验结果初步确认，苯并（a）芘生态毒性>芘>菲。 低浓度（0.1~2.0 mg•kg-1）壬基酚（NP）土壤暴露动态关系研究结果表明：1）壬基酚（NP）与细胞色素P450含量具有动态响应关系。1、7、14d时，P450整体表现为低浓度下抑制，而高浓度下诱导的趋势。随着诱导时间的延长P450含量表现出显著的升高趋势；SOD活性在较高浓度3d暴露后降低，而第7、14d时显著升高。NP诱导与P450含量与SOD酶活性两种指标的响应趋势与BaP诱导下的响应趋势大体吻合。CAT的响应较前两者差，随着诱导时间的延长，在第7、14d个别浓度下CAT表现出升高趋势。GST与POD对试验浓度下的NP诱导未产生明显和快速的毒性响应。NP诱导第3dGST出现升高趋势。NP诱导的第14d POD （2 mg•kg-1）有显著降低。总体上，各指标对NP诱导的敏感性顺序依次为：P450，SOD>CAT>GST, POD。 继前期的“蚯蚓P450对土壤菲、芘暴露生态毒理研究”以及“土壤低浓度PAHs胁迫下蚯蚓差异表达基因筛选研究”之后，本论文中所进行的“土壤BaP暴露生态毒性响应研究”作为上述整体研究内容的组成部分，从两个方面获得研究进展：第一，进一步证实P450指标对低剂量多环芳烃污染响应的相对敏感性。第二，从代谢解毒酶系的角度发现苯并（a）芘生态毒性>芘>菲。这一结果与基因水平上论证的细胞色素P450（类似Cyp2R1）对 PAHs胁迫下的研究结果一致。 本论文中进行的土壤NP暴露生态毒性响应研究，首次将内分泌干扰物纳入土壤毒理研究中，丰富了土壤生态毒理学的研究内容。研究进一步证实蚯蚓细胞色素P450指标对多种污染物低剂量暴露诊断的广谱适应性。研究也为内分泌干扰物的生态毒性评价提供了基础依据。

Solvent extraction study of protactinium(V) with methyl-iso-butyl carbinol and methyl-iso-butyl ketone

In order to study the extraction pattern of protactinium in different types of extracting agents and compare the similarity of patterns of extraction with dubnium and thereby unraveling its chemistry, solvent extraction of protactinium(V) with methyl-iso-butyl carbinol (MIBC) and methyl-iso-butyl ketone (MIBK) was studied using Pa-233 as a radiotracer. The extraction efficiencies of Pa were determined as a function of shaking time, concentrations of mineral acids, and extractant concentrations using the two extractants. The results show that MIBK is more suitable for the extraction of protactinium than MIBC in benzene. Furthermore, the effect of the F anion is also discussed.

Effects of sensing temperature on the NO2-sensing properties of octa-iso-pentyloxymetallonaphthalocyanine spin-coated films

A kind of 1,6,10,15,19,24,28,33-octa-iso-pentyloxy-2,3-metallonaphthalocyanines complexes MNc(iso-PeO)(8) (M = Co, Cu, Pd) are used as spincoating film-forming materials. The surface morphologies of the films prepared were studied first. These films were then used for the experiments of NO2 sensing. The effects of sensing temperature as well as the NO concentration on the sensing properties were studied. The experimental results showed that the three MNc(iso-PeO)(8) films were uniform, smooth and dense. Due to the different metal ions (M) on the center of naphthalocyanine, the CoNc(iso-PeO)(8) film had a higher film resistance and response-recovery rate in the NO2 sensing experiments. On the contrary, the response to NO2 of the PdNc(iso-PeO)(8) and CuNc(iso-PeO)(8) films were superior to that of CoNc(iso-PeO)(8). By varying the sensing temperature, it was found that the elevation of sensing temperature could improve the sensing response, recovery ratio, and sensitivity of the sensing films. At high concentrations of NO2, the response time became shorter. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.