黔东南小香羊与贵州原有其它山羊品种的线粒体DNA 多态性比较

用B am H É、B g lÉ、B g lÊ、D raÉ、E coR É、E coR Í、H indË、Kp nÉ、 P stÉ、P vuÊ、S acÉ、S a lÉ、Sm aÉ、S tuÉ、X hoÉ 15 种识别6 碱基的限制性内 切酶对黔东南小香羊和贵州原有3 个地方山羊品种的93 只个体的m tDNA 进行分 析表明, B am H É、H indË 和S a lÉ 3 种酶表现多态性; 共检出18 种限制性多态型, 归纳得到3 种单倍型, 以单倍型É 和Ê 为基本单倍型。根据此2 种基本单倍型在所 比较各品种中的不同分布比例, 以及遗传距离分析和品种间的聚类关系, 表明黔东 南小香羊的群体遗传构成与贵州省原有其它3 个山羊品种不同, 从而为进一步确认 其为一独立的品种提供了必要的分子生物学依据。

昆明地区花卉害虫及天敌

1997 年5～ 8 月至1998 年4～ 8 月, 对昆明地区的花卉害虫及天敌进行了考 察和标本采集, 共采到花卉害虫及天敌标本4500 多号, 经鉴定分14 目, 65 科, 158 属, 205 种。标本保存在中国科学院昆明动物研究所。

滇南和滇西茶叶害虫群落结构与生态分布

对滇南和滇西茶叶害虫群落结构与生态分布进行了研究。该区域的茶叶害 虫隶属9 目, 57 科, 103 属, 167 种; 其中, 鳞翅目有16 科, 27 属, 53 种; 同翅目 13 科, 25 属, 35 种; 鞘翅目12 科, 23 属, 37 种; 直翅目4 科, 8 属, 17 种; 半翅 目4 科, 7 属, 10 种; 等翅目3 科, 5 属, 5 种; 缨翅目2 科, 4 属, 5 种; 竹节虫 目2 科, 2 属, 2 种; 双翅目1 科, 2 属, 3 种。同翅目、鳞翅目和鞘翅目的科、属、 种是整个茶园中优势类群; 直翅目、半翅目, 等翅目和缨翅目的科、属、种是茶叶 中常见类群; 竹节虫目和双翅目的科、属　种稀少。滇南和滇西的茶叶害虫绝大部 分属于东洋区成分种; 其生态类型可分为: 食嫩芽类型、食叶类型, 食果实类型, 为 害枝杆类型和食根及幼苗类型。

Avian influenza virus infection induces differential expression of genes in chicken kidney

The pathogenic process of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) infection is poorly understood. To explore the differential expression of kidney genes as a result of HPAIV infection, two cDNA libraries were constructed from uninfected and infected kidneys by suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH). Fifteen genes including IFN-stimulated genes (ISG12), lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus E gene (LY6E), matrix Gla protein gene (MGP), lysozyme gene, haemopoiesis related membrane protein I gene, KIAA1259, MGC68696, G6pe-prov protein gene (G6PC), MGC4504, alcohol dehydrogenase gene (ADH), glutathione S-transferase gene (GST), sodium-dependent high-affinity dicarboxylate transporter gene (SDCT), Synaptotagmin XV (SytXV) and two novel genes were found significantly up-regulated or dramatically suppressed. Differential expression of these genes was further identified by Northern blot. Functional analysis indicated that the regulation of their expression might contribute to the pathogenic process of HPAIV infection. In contrast, the increased expression of three IFN-stimulated genes named ISG12, LY6E, and haemopoiesis related membrane protein 1 gene might reflect host defense responses. Further study showed that ISG12 protein failed to directly interact with NS1 protein of HPAIV which expressed simultaneously in the organs where HPAIV replication occurred, by use of BacterioMatch two-hybrid system. Therefore, our findings may provide new insights into understanding the molecular mechanism underlying the pathophysiological process of HPAIV infection in chicken. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The effects of substrate temperature on the structure and properties of ZnO films prepared by pulsed laser deposition

ZnO thin films were prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on glass substrates with growth temperature from room temperature (RT) to 500 degrees C. The effects of substrate temperature on the structural and optical properties of ZnO films have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission spectra, and RT photoluminescence (PL) measurements. The results showed that crystalline and (0 0 2)-oriented ZnO films were obtained at all substrate temperatures. As the substrate temperature increased from RT to 500 degrees C, the ratio of grain size in height direction to that in the lateral direction gradually decreased. The same grain size in two directions was obtained at 200 degrees C, and the size was smallest in all samples, which may result in maximum E, and E-0 of the films. UV emission was observed only in the films grown at 200 degrees C, which is probably because the stoichiometry of ZnO films was improved at a suitable substrate temperature. It was suggested that the UV emission might be related to the stoichiometry in the ZnO film rather than the grain size of the thin film. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Micro-fabricated Al0.3Ga0.7As pyramids for potential SPM applications

A novel technique of manufacturing Al0.3Ga0.7As pyramids by liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) for scanning probe microscopy (SPM) sensors is reported Four meticulously designed conditions-partial oxidation, deficient solute, air quenching and germanium doping result in defect-free homogeneous nucleation and subsequent pyramid formation. Micrometer-sized frustums and pyramids are detected by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The sharp end of the microtip has a radius of curvature smaller than 50 nm. It is believed that such accomplishments would contribute not only to crystal growth theory, but also to miniature fabrication technology.

Potential role of DNA-dependent protein kinase in cellular resistance to ionizing radiation

In this paper, we study the ability of DNA-PK-deficient (M059J) and -proficient (M059K) cells to undergo the rate of cellular proliferation, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis after 10 Gy X-ray irradiation, and the role of DNA-PK in radiosensitivity. The results showed that M059J cells exhibited hyper-radiosensitivity compared with M059K cells. A strong G2 phase arrest was observed in M059J cells post irradiation. Significant accumulation in the G2 phase in M059J cells was accompanied by apoptosis at 12 h. Altogether, the data suggested that DNA-PK may have two roles in mammalian cells after DNA damage, a role in DNA DSB repair and a second role in DNA-damaged cells to traverse a G2 checkpoint, by which DNA-PK may affect cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation. 地址: [Li Ning; Zhang Hong; Wang Yanling; Hao Jifang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China; [Li Ning; Zhang Hong; Wang Yanling; Hao Jifang] Key Lab Heavy Ion Radiat Med Gansu Prov, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China; [Li Ning; Wang Yanling] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China; [Wang Xiaohu] Gansu Tumor Hosp, Dept Radiotherapy, Lanzhou 730050, Peoples R China