57 resultados para Metsu, Gabriel, 1629-1667.
em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal
Resumo:
分析了边坡工程地质条件和地质成因机制;根据现场调查数据建立了滑坡地质剖面,反演了滑坡发生时滑动面的抗剪强度参数;分析了原坡形及降雨所引起孔隙水压力对其稳定性的影响,并以反演获得的强度参数结合类似边坡岩体结构面强度试验统计结果,对原边坡进行了可靠度分析,获得了原边坡的潜在破坏概率,从而又在定量角度上获得了滑坡发生的原因。
Resumo:
Bends are widely used in pipelines carrying single- and two-phase fluids in both ground and space applications. In particular, they play more important role in space applications due to the extreme spatial constraints. In the present study, a set of experimental data of two-phase flow patterns and their transitions in a 90degrees bend with inner diameter of 12.7 mm. and curvature radius of 76.5 mm at microgravity conditions are reported. Gas and liquid superficial velocities are found to range from (1.0 similar to 23.6) m/s for gas and (0.09 similar to 0.5) m/s for liquid, respectively. Three major flow patterns, namely slug, slug-annular transitional, and annular flows, are observed in this study. Focusing on the differences between flow patterns in bends and their counterparts in straight pipes, detailed analyses of their characteristics are made. The transitions between adjoining flow patterns are found to be more or less the same as those in straight pipes, and can be predicted using Weber number models satisfactorily. The reasons for such agreement are carefully examined.
Resumo:
根据耦合模理论和弯曲波导耦合器的结构特点,对平面弯曲波导耦合器的特性进行了分析,结果表明弯曲波导耦合器的弯曲半径和最小间距两个可调变量,增加了波导器件设计的灵活性;同时由于等效耦合长度的调制作用使得弯曲波导耦合器在波分复用/解复用中比平行直波导耦合器具有更大的复用带宽;分析了弯曲半径和最小间距对弯曲波导耦合器复用带宽的影响,为实际波导器件的设计制作提供了一定的理论依据.
Resumo:
为研究周期相位调制光束的放大特性,在分析激光放大介质跃迁谱线线型对损耗、受激辐射截面及饱和能量密度等参量影响的基础上,改进了原先的脉冲放大模型。以Nd:YLF放大器为例,实验中获得的时间波形调制周期约为300ps,与计算结果330ps吻合较好;同时依据该模型计算分析了影响放大输出时间波形的主要因素,入射光场中心频率与跃迁谱线中心频率的匹配能有效降低相位调制-振幅调制(PM—AM)效应,为抑制该效应提供了依据。
Resumo:
Transparent polycrystalline Nd:YAG ceramics were fabricated by solid-state reactive sintering a mixture of commercial Al2O3,Y2O3, and Nd2O3 powders. The powders were mixed in ethanol and doped with 0.5 wt% tetraethoxysilane, dried, and pressed. Pressed samples were sintered at 1750 degrees C in vacuum. Transparent fully dense samples with average grain sizes of 10 mu m were obtained. The 1 at.% Nd:YAG ceramic was used to research passively Q-switched laser output with a Cr4+:YAG crystal as a saturable absorber. An average output power of 94 mW with a pulse width of 50 ns was obtained when the incident pump power was 750 mW. The slope efficiency was 13%. The pulse energy is 5 mu J, and the peak power is about 100 W.
Resumo:
本论文对沿阶草族Ophiopogoneae(Endl.)Kunth的研究历史作了回顾,从染色体、形态学和解剖学角度对此族作了研究,并作了数值分类和分支 系统学分析的尝试,在此基础上探讨了这个族的系统学问题. 1)本论文对此族三属37种123居群的染色体数目、基数及核型不对称性作了研究,其中19种的染色体为首次报道.它们是:P.macrostegiaHance, P.yunnanensis Wang et Tang,P.ophiopogonoides Wang et Tang,O. sarmentosus Wang et Dai,O.tienensis Wang et Tang, O.sylvicola Wang et Tang, O.fooningensis Wang et Dai, O.mairei L6vl.,O.szechuanensis Wang et Tang, O.angustiatus (Wang et Tang) S.C.Chen, O.amblyphyllus Wang et Dai,O.clavatus Wright ex Oliver,O.clivioidesD.M.Zhang et Hong, O.longiscaposus D.M.Zhang et Hong,O.umbraticola Hance,O.fuiD.M.Zhang ntHong,O.zingiberaceus Wang et Dai,O.gangxiensisd.M.Zhang et Hong,O. lo fouense L6vl. 2)在此族中首次报道了2n = 2x = 34的异基数二倍体,同时在O.umbraticola,O.japonicus,O.cLarkei中报道了2n=68的异基数二倍体,过核型和减数分裂等证明异基数是在二倍体水平上形成,并发展成倍性系列的. 3)在此族中首次报道了B染色体的存在,已确证了两种(P.macrostegia和D.tienensis).一种尚需进一步确证(O.Larkei). 4)通过对随体位置的系统研究,发现在此族中随体位置具有分类价值. 5)通过对8个种内多倍体、4个多倍体种的研究,表明多倍体分布于较北、海拔较高的地方,而亚洲热带地区的种,则无多倍体,同时在具异基数种类和核型较不对称种类上亦有这种分布特征;在确定了分布的多度中心的基础上,提出喜马拉雅_横断山脉到川西、川南一带是沿阶草属和山麦冬属的近代分化中心. 6)通过染色体结构和数目几个角度的研究,表明球子草属与其他两属在。染色体水平上已发生很大分化,但其属内的分化则不表现在染色体上.其他二属内部则有基数、倍性和核型不对称方面的分化.综观此族,染色体具有由核 型对称向不对称、由二倍体向多倍体、由种内多倍体向多倍体种,由单一基数向种内异基数几个方向进化的趋势. 7)通过对此族的形态观察和分析,提出茎或根状茎分枝方式是属下分类的重要依据;认为本族植物的花序是由圆锥花序简化而来,但残留着圆锥花序特征;并提出了本族花、茎、叶、根几个方面的形态演化趋势. 8)通过对此族二属21种的子房解剖,发现三属均有半下位子房,因而认为子房半下位作为分属检索性状是不合适的.此外还观察到子房着生位置在种内亦有变异,对这种变异的意义进行了探讨. 9)通过此族三属46种2变种的数值分类处理,表明本族由球子草群和沿阶草一山麦冬群两大类群组成,山麦冬属仅是与沿阶草属一个组(葶花组)并列的分类单元,其内部分化较小,而沿阶草属则较大. 10)通过46个性状计算了山麦冬属和沿阶草属共6个广布的“群内总体相 似度”(IOS),表明山麦冬属3个种种内个体之间、种间个体之间的分化很小,且可能有杂交现象,结合染色体资料和分布特征,认为这个属的发生是个相当晚近的事件. 11)本文从形态和染色体角度,认为沿阶草族是一个自然类群;由分支系 统学分析表明,此族由二个单系类群(球子草属和沿阶草属)组成,沿阶草属含两个单系的组,其中各含3个系,山麦冬属为其中一个系.这一结果与数值 分类结果和染色体资料相符. 12)为避免单一分类方法可能导致的不合理结果,本文以自拟的一种综合分类方法,把谱系、进化、分化诸因素均予考虑,得出一个三维图象,以图象 上相对等径的球作为分类依据,得出的结果与分支系统学和数值分类结果基本一致.因此,山麦冬属作为与沿阶草属等阶的分类地位,应予重新考虑. 13)本文最后对这个族的全面修订提出几点建议. 14)此外,本文还描述了沿阶草属4个新种.
Resumo:
铃兰族隶属广义的百合科,辖白穗花、吉祥草、铃兰、夏须草、万年青、开口箭和蜘蛛抱蛋七属.除开口箭属和蜘蛛抱蛋属外.其余5属皆为单型属。属间界限明确,但系统关系模糊.本文针对上述特点及存在问题,开展了下述工作: 一、形态: 根据大量的栽培植株观察和标本研究,对族内各属形态特征进行了详细研究,并报道了开口箭属的一个新种,对一些性状在系统发育研究中的重要性作了评估。 二、解剖: 本文对族内各属花维管束、根部和茎部的管状分子、叶片维管束和叶表皮特征等资料进行了综合,为系统发育研究积累资料。 三、花粉: 本文对铃兰族,特别是蜘蛛抱蛋亚族25种植物的花粉形态进行了电镜扫描,将蜘蛛抱蛋亚族的花粉划分为椭圆形具单槽、球形具单槽、球形无萌发孔沟三个类型,花粉形态的演化趋势为单槽,无萌发孔沟,椭圆形,球形。花粉形态与花结构和核型特征密切相关。 四、染色体: 本文对蜘蛛抱蛋属13种植物进行了核型报道,对各属染色体资料进行了详尽的总结分析.除夏须草属染色体数目为2n=40外,铃兰族其余各属染色体数目为2n =38 (36),核型分为单型性和二型性两大类,染色体数目、核型类型和花部式样密切相关.x=19为族内染色体原始基数,x=18为派生基数.核型演化趋势由对称→不对称演化,单型→二型性演化,此外,对核型进化的机制也进行了讨论。 根据上述研究结果,运用系统学原理,本文对铃兰族内系统发育关系进行了探讨,结论如下: 1、夏须草属为族内异质类群,建议将其从族内移出。其余各属构成一单系类群。 2、开口箭属和蜘蛛抱蛋属下皆可分为两大类群,且各具相关性状。 3、开口箭属内两大类群表现为复系关系。具单型性核型并具远极单槽花粉的开口箭种类与万年青属单系发生,而具二型性核型、无萌发沟孔花粉的开口箭种类则与蜘蛛抱蛋属成单系关系。 4、铃兰族与沿阶草族系统位置接近,与黄精族则稍远。 5、无可靠证据支持Hutchinson (1934)认为天南星科起源于铃兰族内蜘蛛抱蛋亚族的观点。 此外,本文选用21种限制性内切酶,对族内各属叶绿体DNA中rbcL基因片段的PCR产物进行酶切处理,计确定76个酶切位点,包括19个突变位点,并对RFLP结果进行聚类分析。结果与形态、染色体和孢粉学证据基本吻合。
Resumo:
采用外周血淋巴细胞培养及Ag-NORs显带技术,分析了云南龙陵黄山羊、马关无角山羊、路南圭山山羊和宁蒗黑头山羊4个保种山羊银染核仁组织区(Ag-NORs)。结果表明,4个保种山羊核仁组织区银染有多态:龙陵黄山羊雌性核仁组织区银染分布于No.1、2、4、5、25号染色体,雄性分布于No.1、2、25号染色体,显示了性别及分布多态性;其余3个保种山羊雌雄均有相同的银染数目,并都分布于No.1、2、4、5和25号染色体上。银染显示强度也不同;圭山羊、马关无角山羊最强,龙陵黄山羊次之,黑头山羊最弱。研究还发现染色体Ag-NORs联合的多态性,即黄山羊、圭山羊和马关无角山羊有联合现象,宁蒗黑头山羊无联合现象。山羊的银染显示强度和联合现象可能与山羊的近交有某种联系。
Resumo:
The activities of carbonic anhydrase (CA) and photosynthesis of Porphyra haitanensis were investigated in order to see its photosynthetic utilization of inorganic carbon source. Both intra- and extra-cellular CA activities existed in the thallus. CA inhibitors, acetazolamide (AZ) and ethoxyzolamide (EZ), remarkably depressed the photosynthetic oxygen evolution in seawater of pH 8.2 and 10.0, and EZ showed stronger inhibition than AZ. The observed net photosynthetic rate In seawater of pH 8.2 was much higher than that of CO2 supply theoretically derived from spontaneous dehydration of HCO3-. P. haitanensis also showed a rather high pH compensation point (9.9). The results demonstrated that P. haitanensis could utilize bicarbonate as the external inorganic carbon source for photosynthesis. The bicarbonate utilization was closely associated with HCO3- dehydration catalyzed by extracellular CA activity. The inorganic carbon composition in seawater could well saturate the photosynthesis of P. haitanensis. The low K-m value and compensation points for inorganic carbon reflected the existence of CO2-concentrating mechanism in this alga.
Resumo:
1.5 mu m. n-type modulation-doping InGaAsP/InGaAsP strained multiple quantum wells grown by low pressure metalorganic chemistry vapor decomposition technology is reported for the first time in the world. N-type modulation-doped lasers exhibit much lower threshold current densities than conventional lasers with undoped barrier layers. The lowest threshold current density we obtained was 1052.5 A/cm(2) for 1000 mu m long lasers with seven quantum wells. The estimated threshold current density for an infinite cavity length was 94.72A/cm(2)/well, reduced by 23.3% compared with undoped barrier lasers. The n-type modulation doping effects on the lasing characteristics in 1.5 mu m devices have been demonstrated.