26 resultados para MACHINING

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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在应用激光技术加工复杂曲面时,通常以采样点集为插值点来建立曲面函数,然后实现曲面上任意坐标点的精确定位。人工神经网络的BP算法能实现函数插值,但计算精度偏低,往往达不到插值精确要求,造成较大的加工误差。提出人工神经网络的共轭梯度最优化插值新算法,并通过实例仿真,证明了这种曲面精确定位方法的可行性,从而为激光加工的三维精确定位提供了一种良好解决方案。这种方法已经应用在实际中。

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The uniqThe unique lamellar chips formed in turning–machining of a Vit 1 bulk metallic glass (BMG) are found to be due to repeated shearband formation in the primary shear zone (PSZ). A coupled thermomechanical orthogonal cutting model, taking into account force, free volume and energy balance in the PSZ, is developed to quantitatively characterize lamellar chip formation. Its onset criterion is revealed through a linear perturbation analysis. Lamellar chip formation is understood as a self-sustained limit-cycle phenomenon: there is autonomous feedback in stress, free volume and temperature in the PSZ. The underlying mechanism is the symmetry breaking of free volume flow and source, rather than thermal instability. These results are fundamentally useful for machining BMGs and even for understanding the physical nature of inhomogeneous flow in BMGs.ue lamellar chips formed in turning–machining of a Vit 1 bulk metallic glass (BMG) are found to be due to repeated shearband.

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在国民经济中占有重要地位的汽车工业中,对于大型覆盖件模具的表面强化处理,最常见的是火焰淬火。火焰淬火对操作人员的要求高,可控性差,效果不理想,但是由于一直没有适合的方法,目前也只能继续使用。而激光表面强化技术结合柔性加工系统正是解决这类问题的新途径。传统的激光表面强化是采用把激光束离焦后进行扫描的方式,这种方法不能充分利用激光功率密度,而且往往要用转镜或振镜形成条形光斑来加快处理速度,这就需要复杂的机械结构,而且产生难以避免的重叠回火。我们提出一种新方法,利用二元光学元件来获得一种新型的周期光强分布,实现其在高功率激光系统中的应用,并设计成为集成到柔性加工系统中的组成部分,能够完成对大、中型模具表面的激光强化处理。本论文的工作主要是有关激光柔性加工系统中的光束传输及变换子系统,不仅包括理论设计、加工制作,同时还包括把该子系统有效的结合到整个系统中。本研究工作广泛涉及激光理论,光束变换和光纤传输,系统中的模块化集成应用技术,金属材料的特殊分布光强表面改性试验研究等等,是跨学科的交叉研究工作。在本论文中,重点是二元光学元件的设计方法的选择、计算机辅助设计的实现、二元光学元件的制作和在高功率激光传输中的应用,以及特殊光强分布应用于金属表面改性中的相关工作。通过把二元光学元件引入到高功率激光加工中,对出现的新现象给出一定的预测和分析,并获得了良好的强化结果,最终实现了系统的集成化,并具有实际生产所要求的可靠性和灵活性。本论文共分六章,主要包括两方面的内容。第一章为绪论,第六章为结论。第一方面内容在第二章到第四章中说明,是用于高功率激光应用中的二元光学元件的原理、设计和制作。第二方面的内容在第五章中,是关于应用前面设计制作的二元光学元件,在实际的金属材料表面处理中的实验研究,给出了相关试验结果。

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激光制造是一种有别于传统方式的先进制造系统.针对集成激光制造系统,在分析其结构组成及激光加工特点的基础上,得到了机器人运动学逆解表达式,提出了一种基于碰撞检测的三角网格简化算法,设计并建立了模拟系统的模块化结构.基于VC开发环境并使用OpenGL图形接口技术开发了集成化激光制造系统加工过程计算机模拟系统,为工艺规划和优化提供有效支持,并实现了系统的通用性、易维护性和可扩展性.

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Based on the ripple transfers of electric-field amplitude and phase in frequency tripling, simple formulas are derived for the harmonic laser's beam-quality factor M-3omega(2), with an arbitrary fundamental incidence to ideal nonlinear crystals. Whereas the harmonic beam's quality is generally degraded, the beam's divergence is similar to that of the fundamental after nonlinear frequency conversion. For practical crystals with periodic surface ripples that are caused by their machining, a multiorder diffractive model is presented with which the focusing properties of harmonic beams can be studied. Predictions of the theories are shown to be in excellent agreement with full numerical simulations. (C) 2002 Optical Society of America.

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从靶场反射镜架模块的机械结构设计布局所需几何空间的角度出发,根据大口径、列阵器件的特殊要求,给出符合“神光Ⅲ”装置总体技术要求的ICF靶场光束口径与列阵间隔之间的关系,得出靶场△纵、△横应满足的公式.

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提出一种新型的五自由度精密定位平台的工作原理及其设计方法。工作台采用压电陶瓷作为驱动元件,柔性导向机构实现平移及转动功能。整个工作台可由整块金属材料通过线切割加工制成,实现一体化加工,而且结构紧凑。并给出导向机构刚度计算公式及设计实例。

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通过分析波矢沿任意方向的单轴晶体的折射率,在光轴位于入射面内时,给出了入射光分别为s光和p光的反射率拟合函数。利用改进的反射率扫描仪,测量了CaCO3晶体的s光和p光反射率随入射角变化情况,由理论拟合获得单轴晶体的两个主折射率,分别为no=1.6559和ne=1.4851。这种方法不需要对样品进行加工,其精度达到0.0001。另外,对于晶体光轴未知的情况,采用改进的布儒斯特技术分别测出三个晶体表面的布儒斯特角,由此可以确定光轴的方向。

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The RFQ cooler and buncher RFQ1L is a key device of the SHANS (Spectrometer for Heavy Atoms and Nucleax Structure). The status of the machining and assembly of the central part is introduced, and the structure of the whole RFQ1L system and the preliminary plan for the testing are discussed also.

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A 52 MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) linear accelerator (linac) is designed to serve as an initial structure for the SSC-Linac system (injector into Separated Sector Cyclotron). The designed injection and output energy are 3.5 keV/u and 143 keV/u, respectively. The beam dynamics in this RFQ have been studied using a three-dimensional Particle-In-Cell (PIC) code BEAMPATH. Simulation results show that this R,FQ structure is characterized by stable values of beam transmission efficiency (at least 95%) for both zero-current mode and the space charge dominated regime. The beam accelerated in the RFQ has good quality in both transverse and longitudinal directions, and could easily be accepted by Drift Tube Linac (DTL). The effect of the vane error and that of the space charge on the beam parameters have been studied as well to define the engineering tolerance for RFQ vane machining and alignment.

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The surface of superground Mn-Zn ferrite single crystal may be identified as a self-affine fractal in the stochastic sense. The rms roughness increased as a power of the scale from 10(2) nm to 10(6) nm with the roughness exponent alpha = 0.17 +/- 0.04, and 0.11 +/- 0.06, for grinding feed rate of 15 and 10 mu m/rev, respectively. The scaling behavior coincided with the theory prediction well used for growing self-affine surfaces in the interested region for magnetic heads performance. The rms roughnesses increased with increase in the feed rate, implying that the feed rate is a crucial grinding parameter affecting the supersmooth surface roughness in the machining process.

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机器人研磨抛光工艺研究建立在大量机器人磨抛试验的基础上。本文针对加工对象——有机玻璃,在满足被加工工件质量的前提下,确定了机器人研磨抛光加工时磨片的合理使用顺序、规划加工路径和安排正交试验,以获得机器人磨抛加工的最优工艺参数组合,并制定机器人磨抛的加工策略。最后通过机器人研磨抛光加工实例,进一步验证了机器人的研磨抛光工艺知识有其合理性。

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研磨机器人系统中,研磨头与工件的接触力是保证加工精度,进行机器人力控制的一个重要因 素。采用 CAN 通讯可以确保力传感器准确、及时地把力信息传送给控制器进行力控制。本文 给出了6维腕力传感器与机器人控制器通讯的硬件结构,制定了可靠的通讯协议,实现了力信 息的正确读取,为研磨机器人控制系统获得可靠的力信息提供了一种新的解决方案。

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针对传统机器人加工路径规划采用示教再现方法很难适应复杂变化任务的问题 ,提出了基于遗传算法的路径规划方法 ,研究了遗传算法中的编码方式、交叉算子和变异算子的改进方法 .仿真实验表明 ,采用遗传算法进行机器人加工路径规划是可行的和有效的 .

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介绍激光加工机器人系统的通信协议以及实现方法,其中涉及到实时多任务系统VRTXsa、串口通信控件编制。该通信协议和通信系统在应用中取得了满意的效果。