Luminescent Langmuir-Blodgett films based on Tiron-terbium

The luminescent ultrathin Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films containing Tb-2(C6H3S2O8)(2) (Tiron-Tb) were successfully obtained. The modifications of compression isotherms of dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DODA) have been observed when the Tiron-Tb complex was dissolved in the subphase. The effect of Tiron-Tb in the subphase on Langmuir films of DODA has been studied. Low-angle X-ray diffraction result indicates that the LB films have a good periodic layered structure. The UV and IR spectra results show the Tiron-Tb complex is incorporated into LB films layer-by-layer and the LB films are homogeneously deposited. The LB films containing Tiron-Tb can emit strong green luminescence, and the luminescence signal can be detected from a single layer. The luminescence properties of LB films have been discussed compared with those of the solutions.

Luminescent hybrid Langmuir-Blodgett films of polyoxometaloeuropate

Luminescent hybrid Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of polyoxometaloeuropate (Na9EuW10O36) were successfully prepared. Low-angle X-ray diffraction data demonstrate that the LB films have a well-defined lamellar structure. The hybrid LB films can exhibit strong luminescence under UV irradiation, which can be observed by the human eye. The effect of the lipid ocradecylamine, on the luminescence of polyoxometaloeuropate was discussed and compared with that of the lipid dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide. It is found that the intensity ratio for the D-5(0) --> F-7(2) transition to the D-5(0) --> F-7(1) transition of europium in two kinds of LB films is quite different. The X-ray photoelectron spectra data verify that there exist different interactions between two lipids and the inorganic polyanions. The different interactions between two lipids and the polyanions may result in the distortion of the site symmetry for europium to a different extent, which may account for the difference in luminescent behavior between the two kinds of LB films.

Langmuir-Blodgett films based on europium-substituted heteropolytungstate and their luminescence properties

Several new hybrid organic-inorganic Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films containing europium-substituted hetero-polytungstate Eu (XW11O39)(2)''(-) (X=Ge, Si, B) were successfully obtained using LB technique. When the heteropolytungstate anions are dissolved in the subphase, dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide compression isotherms have been modified, which shows that the polyanions interact with the monolayer. Y-type LB films were obtained from the systems. Low-angle X-ray has shown that these LB films have well-defined lamella. The LB films were characterized by luminescence spectra and the characteristic luminescence behavior for europium-substituted heteropolytungstate complexes and their LB films were discussed. The results of excitation spectra indicate that the energy could be effectively transferred from ligands to the Eu3+ ions in the LB films and the luminescence efficiency could be greatly increased. The results of luminescence spectra indicate that the formations of hybrid organic-inorganic LB films have a great effect on the luminescence of europium-substituted heteropolytungstate. The lifetime shortening was observed in LB films.

Study on highly ordered luminescent Langmuir-Blodgett films of heteropolytung state complexes containing lanthanide

Luminescent thin films of heteropolytungstate complexes containing lanthanide (europium or samarium) were successfully fabricated by the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique. The pressure-area isotherm of the monolayer of dimethyldioctadecylammonium. bromide (DODA) is modified rather markedly when the subphase contains the complex of Na9EuW10O36 or Na9SmW10O36. The above results indicate that the monolayer of DODA has a strong interaction with the polyanions of EuW10O369-. (or SmW10O369-). X-ray photoelectron spectra and fluorescent spectra verify that europium and tungsten atoms are 36 36 incorporated into the LB films. Ultraviolet (UV), fluorescent spectra and low-angle X-ray diffraction experiments demonstrate that these LB films have a well-defined lamellar structure. The LB film containing EuW10O369- can give off strong fluorescence 16 on UV irradiation. The characteristic emission behaviors of europium ions in LB films and in the powder of Na9EuW10O369- are discussed. It is found that the intensity ratio of the D-5(0)-F-7(2) transition to the D-5(0)-->F-7(1) transition in LB film is quite different from that in the powder of Na9EuW10O36. The difference of the ratio indicates that the site symmetry of europiurn is distorted in LB film, which is probably due to the strong electrostatic interactions between DODA and polyanions.

Luminescent properties of Langmuir-Blodgett films of europium bisphthalocyanine

Eu(III)-octa-4-(tetrahydrofurfuroxy) phthalocyanine (EuPc2') was synthesied and characterized by elementary analysis, IR, MS, UV-vis spectra. EuPc2' has good film-forming ability from determination of isotherm of pi-A. The complex LB film was formed by depositing of EuPc2' on a quartz slide with the LB techniques of the Z-type, The luminescent properties of pure and doped LS films were determined. The results showed that pure films have good luminescent properties, the thicker the LB films, the stronger the fluorescent intensity. The films doped with o-phenanthroline (abbreviated as phen) made the relative intensity of fluorescent emission behavior enhance in comparison to that of pure LB film, But the amount of phen may be not too much. Our results showed that EuPc2':phen = 1: 10 (molar ratio) has the best fluorescent behavior. The electronic spectroscopic characterization of the LB films is also given.

Investigation on Nonequlibrium Radiation and Relaxation Phenomena in Shock Tubes

The experimental results for the excited time of the nonequlibrium radiation and the ionization behind strong shock waves are presented. Using an optical multichannel analyzer, InSb infrared detectors and near-free-molecular Langmuir probes, the infrared radiation, the electron density of air and the nonequilibrium radiation spectra at different moments of the relaxation process in nitrogen test gas behind normal shock waves were obtained, respectively, in hydrogen oxygen combustion driven shock tubes.

Measurement of Electron Density Profile Behind Strong Shock Waves with a Langmuir Probe

At the shock velocity range of 7~9km/s, the variations of electron density behind strong normal shock waves are measured in a low-density shock tube by using the Langmuir electrostatic probe technique. The electron temperature, calculated based on Park’s three-temperature model, is used in interpreting the probe current data. The peak electron densities determined in the present experiment are shown to be in a good agreement with those predicted by Lin’s calculation. The experimentally obtained ratios of the characteristic ionization distance to the mean free path of freestream ahead of the shock wave are found to be in a good agreement with the existing experiments and Park’s calculation.

Langmuir-Blodgett 薄膜诱导晶体生长研究

近年来，Langmuir—Blodgett（LB）薄膜诱导晶体生长的方法引起了人们的极大关注。通过优化LB膜的结构和化学性质可以调控晶体的结构、形貌、取向、晶型。本论文在此领域的主要研究内容如下： (1) 制备了硬脂酸和十八胺两种具有不同结构和官能团的LB膜，然后把这两种膜垂直浸入到中性的甘氨酸溶液中。实验结果表明用不同结构和化学性质的LB膜不仅可以调控晶体的结构、形貌和取向，并且可以在相同的溶液中诱导出不同晶型的晶体。 (2) 制备了Y型硬脂酸LB膜，然后把这种模板以不同的方式浸入到氯化钾溶液中。通过改变LB膜模板在溶液中的放置方式，控制溶液中的诱导成核和自发成核的过程，从而生成不同形貌的氯化钾晶体。 (3)我们研究了不同热力学状态的LB膜诱导五水硫酸铜晶体生长过程。结果表明LB膜即使在液态状态下，仍有诱导晶体生长的能力。且LB膜的热力学状态对晶体的形貌和取向有很大的影响。 另外，我们在以上工作之外，还作了两项其他工作。 (4) 研究了各种羧酸类（甲酸、乙酸、丙酸）、丙酮、醇类（甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇）对谷氨酸溶液结晶晶型的影响。结果表明：当70°C的谷氨酸饱和溶液快速冷却搅拌到0°C时，有羧酸类物质存在时可以得到β型晶体;而当有酮类、醇类、或无添加剂时在相同条件下得到α型晶体。 (5) 利用LB技术制备了聚苯乙烯和硬脂酸的混合薄膜。实验结果证明PS和SA在混合LB膜中是相分离的。其过程是PS在空气/水界面上首先发生聚集,然后这种聚集的程度随着膜压的增加而增大.并且PS在空气-LB膜界面上在空气/LB膜界面上的聚集程度随着时间仍继续发生改变。

十八胺及其相关物质Langmuir-Blodgett膜的制备和性质研究

Langmuir-Blodgett（LB）膜技术由于在电子学、非线性光学以及化学传感器等领域具有潜在的应用前景而引起了人们的研究兴趣，其中它的热稳定性对LB膜的应用领域和范围具有一定的影响。本论文在此领域的主要研究内容如下： 利用LB膜技术分别制备了十八胺及硬脂酸、氘代硬脂酸的多层LB膜，采用变温傅立叶变换红外光谱研究了三种LB膜的相变行为。实验发现：十八胺LB膜在55-75 oC温度区间内发生相变，其CH2对称和反对称伸缩振动频率向高能量区发生明显移动；硬脂酸LB膜在70-80 oC的温度区间内发生了明显的相转变，CH2对称和反对称伸缩振动的强度比在升温过程中也有显著改变；氘代硬脂酸LB膜的相行为发生在65-70 oC的温度区间内。 利用LB膜技术制备了十八铵硬脂酸盐(C18H37NH3+C17H35COO-, ODASA)与十八铵氘代硬脂酸盐(C18H37NH3+C17D35COO-, ODASA-d35) Langmuir-Blodgett (LB)膜，使用变温傅立叶变换红外透射光谱研究了它们的热行为。发现LB膜中十八铵硬脂酸盐分子的两个碳氢链高度有序，然而在十八铵氘代硬脂酸盐LB分子中的来自于十八胺的碳氢链部分无序，即在常温下有一些扭曲构象存在于碳氢链中。而十八铵硬脂酸盐的热稳定性也与十八铵氘代硬脂酸盐的热稳定性有些不同。在十八铵硬脂酸盐LB膜中，碳氢链在85 oC到90 oC的温度区间内发生非常明显的有序-无序变化。而在十八铵氘代硬脂酸盐LB膜中，碳氢链和来自于硬脂酸的氘代的烃链各自呈现出不同的热行为，即：碳氢链在80-90 oC的温度区间发生有序-无序变化，尤其是在80-85 oC的温度范围内这个变化非常显著；而氘代的烃链则在70 oC到85 oC这个较长的温度区间发生缓慢的相变。 分别制备了十八铵十二酸盐 （C18H37NH3+C11H23COO-，ODALA）和十八铵二十四酸盐（C18H37NH3+C23H45COO-,ODATA）LB膜，并用变温傅立叶变换红外透射光谱法研究了十八铵十二酸盐和十八铵二十四酸盐LB膜的热行为，比较了十八铵十二酸盐、十八铵硬脂酸盐和十八铵二十四酸盐这三种双链化合物LB膜的热行为。温度相关的红外光谱显示，这三种物质LB膜的热稳定性取决于碳链的长度。其中，十八铵十二酸盐LB膜在50-65 oC的温度区间内发生相变。对应的，十八铵二十四酸盐LB膜在80-90 oC的温度范围内发生有序-无序变化。令人感兴趣的是，十八铵二十四酸盐LB膜的相变温度与十八铵硬脂酸盐LB膜的相变温度基本一样，都是80-90 oC，也即在十八铵二十四酸盐和十八铵硬脂酸盐两种LB膜中，即使二十四酸取代了硬脂酸对前者的热稳定性的影响非常小。以上结果说明，在双长链化合物中，有效链长度取决于双链中的较短的那个烃链，从而来决定膜的热稳定性。在十八铵二十四酸盐LB膜中，十八胺的全部碳链对膜的热稳定性有贡献，而二十四酸的碳链则只有部分（有效部分）烃链有贡献。 制备了十八胺单层和多层LB膜和粒径为几个纳米的金纳米粒子。由于十八胺在pH值小于10.3的溶液中氨基带正电荷，使其置于金纳米溶胶中，利用带正电荷的十八胺和附着负电荷的金纳米粒子之间的静电作用，使得金纳米颗粒成功地吸附组装到十八胺的有序分子膜中，形成有规律的纳米颗粒层。通过紫外-可见光谱、红外光谱以及扫描电镜观察到，金纳米颗粒通过这种方法能够很好的组装在有机分子膜上，而且由于十八胺LB膜的高度有序性使得金纳米颗粒的组装层有序。而且，不同层数的十八胺LB膜对金纳米粒子呈现出不同的吸附行为。 测量了含微量甲醇（体积分数为0.04%~0.24%）的系列乙醇水溶液的近红外光谱，利用近红外光谱分析建立了预测甲醇含量的定量分析模型。比较了用外部检验法（Test Set-Validation）和交叉检验法(Cross-Validaton)建立的数学模型以及研究了使用外部检验法时校正集和检验集样品数的改变对模型预测结果的影响。结果发现，当校正集样品数为15检验集样品数为6（总样品数为21）时，使用外部检验法建立的数学模型预测结果较好，外部检验与交叉检验的预测均方根误差（分别为RMSEE和RMSEP）都较小（分别为0.0105和0.0115）而且很接近。结果表明，近红外光谱方法简单，准确而且实用。

高性能全流水线可控参数JPEG-LS编码器实现

提出了一种高性能的JPEG-LS无损/近无损图像压缩算法VLSI实现结构.通过对JPEG-LS算法瓶颈的分析,针对算法中不利于流水线实现的场景缓存部分,采用了一种信号量集机制避免流水线等待.全流水线结构保证了算法实现可以满足高速图像传感器系统的吞吐量需求.同时通过高度参数化的设计,系统可以动态调整和优化算法参数,使压缩效果和效率适应不同的运行环境.算法在FPGA平台通过验证,并得到了接近甚至超过其他A-SIC实现的性能.

Nucleation and growth of CUSO4 center dot 5H(2)O crystals on the liquid state stearic acid Langmuir-Blodgett film

Oriented crystallization of CUSO4 center dot 5H(2)O on a Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film of stearic acid has been studied in the temperature ranges of 73-68 degrees C and 53-20 degrees C, respectively. This is the first time that the LB film at temperature above its melting point has been served as a template to induce nucleation and growth of crystals. The experimental results demonstrated that the LB film in the liquid state has the ability of directing the nucleation and growth of crystals. Moreover, X-ray diffraction patterns of the as prepared crystals revealed that the orientation of the attached crystals on the LB film is affected by temperature greatly.

Control for oriented growth of large size KCl crystals by the competition between spontaneous and induced nucleation/growth on a Langmuir-Blodgett film

Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film of stearic acid was used as template to induce the nucleation and growth of KCl crystals when the KCl solution was cooled from 50 to 25 degrees C. When the LB film template was vertically dipped into the solution, only induced crystals with (1 1 0) orientation were formed. However, if the template was horizontally placed into solutions, both the induced nuclei at the solution/film interface and spontaneous nuclei formed in solution were simultaneously absorbed onto the LB film, and then grew further to form crystals. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and optical microscopy images showed that the orientation and morphology of the crystals were controlled properly by changing the orientation and position of the LB films in the solutions.