中国裂叶苔科植物的研究-分类、区系和生态

裂叶苔科（Lophoziaceae）是叶苔目植物中的一个大科，其植物体形态变化较大，分类较为困难。中国在裂计佩一苔科下已记录的植物有23属、106种、2变种和2变形。本论文在大量文献考证和对国内外3000余份标本深入研究基础上，对中国裂仆佩一苔科进行了较系统全面的分类修订，记录了中国裂价卜苔科植物共有11属45种3变种1变形，提供了种属形态特征描述和41幅图版。发现中国新记录2种1变型：异瓣裂叶苔（Lophozia diversiloba Hatt），毛口挺叶苔（Anastrophyllum piligerm (Nees.) Steph.）和密叶三瓣苔小叶变形（Tritomaria quinquedentata fo. gracilis (Jens.) Schust.）；新组合名1个：小挺叶苔尖变种（Anastrophyllum minutum (Schreb. in Cranz.) Schust var. acuminatum (Horik.) Cao & Sun comb. nov.），还有省区新分布记录16个。采用聚类分析方法分析了裂叶苔科种属间的关系，结果支持广义裂汗卜苔属和挺口一卜苔属的概念。 区系成分的分析研究表明：中国裂计佩一苔科植物的地理成分主要以泛北极分布类型为主，占79.6%.东北地区、秦岭地区、西南地区和台湾省为我国裂p_佩一苔科植物种类最丰富的地区。在国内首次开展了苔类专科的生态学研究，并采用CCA方法对结果进行分析。研究表明：裂叶苔科植物在长白山分布上表现出明显的垂直地带性，可分为三类：（1)分布在2000米以上苔原带的种类，主要有小挺叶苔A. minutum、石生挺叶苔A. saxicola、密叶三瓣苔T. quinquedentata、高山裂叶苔L. sudetica，圆叶裂叶L. wenzelii；（2）分布在1730米到2000米苔岳桦林带的种类，主要有：方叶无褶苔L. bantriensis，细裂瓣苔B. barbata，阔瓣裂叶苔L. excisa；（3）分布在1150-1730米以下暗针叶林的种类，主要有：三瓣苔T. exsecta，多角胞三瓣苔T. exsectiformis、囊苞裂叶苔L. ventricosa，秃瓣裂叶苔L. obtusa和倾立裂叶苔L. ascendens。影响裂叶苔科植物分布的主要坏境因子是海拔高度。 对处于不同纬度三个地区的同种裂叶苔科植物的比较分析说明：随纬度的升高其分布的海拔高度逐步降低。

中国管口苔属（Solenostoma Mitt.）植物研究

本文是对中国管口苔属（Solenostoma Mitt.）植物种类的初步整理和研究。共记载3亚属、44种及1变种，其中有24个新组合，如下：Solenostoma (L.) subulatum (Evans) Wang, S. (L.) atrovirens (Schleich) Wang, S. (L.) grossitextum (Steph.) Wang, S. (S.) fusiformis (Steph.) Wang, S. (S.) lanigerum (Mitt.) Wang, S. (S.) pseudocyclops (Inoue) Wang, S. (S.) subrubrum (Steph.) Wang, S. (S.) pyriflorum var.minutissimum (Amak.) Wang, S. (S.) sinensis (Nich.) Wang, S. (S.) faurianum (Beauvd) Wang, S. (S.) cyclops (HAtt.) Wang, S. (S.) apressifolium (Mitt.) Wang, S. (S.) schaulianum (Steph.) Wang, S. (P.) Japonicum (Amak.) Wang, S. (P.) tetragonum (Lindb.) Wang, S. (P.) rosulans (Steph.) Wang, S. (P.) thermarum (Steph.) Wang, S. (P.) hattorianum (Amak.) Wang, S. (P.) rupicolum (Amak.) Wang, S. (P.) rubripunctatum (Hatt.) Wang, S. (P.) hasskarlianum (Nees) Wang, S. (P.) setulosum (Herzog) Wang, S. (P.) truncatum (Nees) Wang, S. (P.) tsukushiensis (Amak.) Wang, 其中有14种及1变种为中国分布新纪录，如下：Solenostoma (L.) grossitextum (Steph.) Wang, S. (S.) fusiformis (Steph.) Wang, S. (S.) faurianum (Beauvd.) Wang, S. (S.) cyclops (Hatt.) Wang, S. (S.) pusillum (Jens) Steph., S. (S.) pyriflorum var. minutissimum (Amak.) Wang, S. (P.) rubripunctatum (Hatt.) Wang, S. (P.) thermarum (Steph.) Wang, S. (P.) rosulans (Steph.) Wang, S. (P.) hyalinum (Lyell) Mitt., S. (P.) radicellosum Mitt, S. (P.) Japonicum (Amak.) Wang, S. (P.) tsukushiensis (Amak.) Wang, S. (P.) hatterianum (Amak.) Wang, S. (P.) rupicolum (Amak.) Wang, 其中还有6种中国特有种，如下：Solenostoma (L.) subulatum (Evans) Wang, S. (P.) flagellalioides Gao, S. (P.) microphyllum Gao, S. (P.) orbicularifolium Gao, S. (P.) setulosum (Herzog) Wang, S. (S.) sinensis (Nich.) Wang。本文还对管口苔属（Solenostoma Mitt.）的研究历史作了回顾。对中国管口苔属各分类群的鉴别特征、产地和地理分布作了叙述，对区系成份做了分析。并对前人工作中的某些问题进行了讨论，提出了自己的看法。

The Early Diagenetic Formation of Organic Sulfur in the Sediments of Mangrove Lake, Bermuda

Due to a low mineral content, the sapropelic sediments depositing in Mangrove Lake, Bermuda, provide an excellent opportunity to explore for possible additions of sulfur to organic matter during the early stages of diagenesis. We evaluated early diagenetic organic sulfur transformations by monitoring the concentrations and stable isotopic compositions of a number of inorganic and organic sulfur pools, thereby accounting for all of the sulfur in the sediments. We have identified and quantified the following sulfur pools: porewater sulfate, porewater sulfide, elemental sulfur, pyrite sulfur, hydrolyzable organic sulfur (HYOS), chromium-reducible organic sulfur (CROS), and nonchromium-reducible organic sulfur (Non-CROS). Of the organic sulfur pools, the Non-CROS pool is by far the largest, followed by CROS, and finally HYOS. By 60 cm depth these pools contribute, respectively, to 85, 7.9, and 3.6% of the total solid phase sulfur. The HYOS pool is probably of biological origin and shows no interaction with the sulfur compounds produced during diagenesis. By contrast, CROS is produced, most likely, from the diagenetic addition of polysulfides to functionalized lipids in the upper, H2S-poor, elemental sulfur-rich, region of the sediment. A portion of this sulfur pool is unstable and decomposes on contact with the H2S-rich porewaters. The portion of CROS that remains in the sulfidic waters appears to readily exchange sulfur isotopes with H2S. While some of the Non-CROS pool is of biological origin, some is also formed by the diagenetic addition of sulfur to organic compounds in the upper H2S-poor region of the sediment. By contrast with CROS, Non-CROS is not diagenetically active in the H2S-rich porewaters. Overall, somewhere between 27 and 53 % of the organic sulfur buried in Mangrove Lake sediments is of diagenetic origin, with the remaining organic sulfur derived from biosynthesis. We extrapolate our Mangrove Lake results and calculate that in typical coastal marine sediments between 11 and 29 μmol g−1 of organic sulfur will form during early diagenesis, of which 2–5 μmol g−1 will be chromium reducible.

中国三瓣苔属(Tritomaria(Hepaticae))一新记录变型

报道了三瓣苔属(Tritomaria)的一中国新记录变型密叶三瓣苔小叶变型(Tritomariaquinquuedentata f.gracilis(Jens.)Schust.),并对该属的分类情况进行了讨论。