含气泡液态金属的磁流体力学和Hartmann流动

本文给出含气泡液态金属的磁流体力学基本方程,以及Hartmann流动的解。

Encircled energy measurement for focusing lens based on scanning Hartmann test

The encircled energy of a focusing lens is one of the parameters directly affecting the target efficiency in high-power laser facilities. The direct measurement method of the encircled energy for the focusing lens based on the scanning Hartmann test is proposed in this paper. With the scanning Hartmann test setup, the information in the whole aperture of the focusing lens can be achieved. The encircled energy can be obtained by analyzing the spot diagram on the focal plane of the focusing lens. In experiments, the encircled energy of an aspheric focusing lens is measured using this method. The measurement result is in good agreement with that derived from measurement data by an interferometer and the difference is 7.7%. (C) 2006 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

电磁流体管道流的进口段分析

最近有不少文章討論了导电流体在横向磁場作用下管內完全发展流动的規律,例如文献[1]。但是在确定这些結果的实用范围之前,必須估計出进口段的长度,即管道从进口处开始,直到中心流速和完全发展流动的中心流速相差1％处那一段的长度。文献[2]曾考虑过这一門題,并应用Rayleigh近似得出了一个适用于大Hartmann数情况的估計,文献[3]則考虑了小Hartmann数的流动。本文利用Langbaar假设来处理了同一問題,原則上对Hartmann数的大小没有限制;給出了一些数值結果,并和文献[2,3,7]的結果作了比較。

H-S管激励振荡流动的数值模拟及实验研究

Hartmann-Sprenger(H-S)管在一定条件下,可以使射流气体产生按一定频率激励的强烈振荡.对H-S管的振荡流动进行了数值模拟和实验研究.数值模拟结果显示出H-S管在吞吐模式下流场的周期变化,在对应的试验瞬态纹影图上,则观察到相应的吞吐射流气体,揭示了H-S管激励的工作机理.通过大量的实验研究,对小管径共振管的频率估算公式进行了修正,提高了振荡频率估算的准确度,为以后设计给定激励频率的射流喷嘴奠定了基础.

配置环形线电极的单极机中的磁流体力学流动

给出配置了环形线电极的单极机中的磁流体力学解析解.由于问题是线性的,求解可简化为基本解的叠加,可利用单极机在两个区域中的基本解的衔接来求得解析解.讨论了基本解的性质.利用非完全电极可改善Hartmann边界层、增加装置中的质量流量.应用基本解讨论了连续电极的单极机.

Large-aperture automatic focimeter for the measurement of optical power and other optical characteristics of ophthalmic lenses

We propose an optical apparatus enabling the measurement of spherical power, cylindrical power, and optical center coordinates of ophthalmic lenses. The main advantage of this new focimeter is to provide a full bidimensional mapping of the characteristics of ophthalmic glasses. This is made possible thanks to the use of a large-area and high-resolution position-sensitive detector. We describe the measurement principle and present some typical mappings, particularly for progressive lenses. We then discuss the advantages in terms of speed and versatility of such a focimeter for the measurement of complex lens mappings. (C) 2002 Optical Society of America.

Wavefront measurement of double-clad pulsed ytterbium fiber laser

Because of high efficiencies, compact structure, and excellent heat dissipation, high-power fiber lasers are extremely useful for applications such as cutting, welding, precision drilling, trimming, sensing, optical transmitter, material processing, micromachining, and so on. However, the wavefront of the double clad fiber laser doped with ytterbium is still unknown. In this paper, wavefront of a fiber laser is measured and the traditional Hartmann-shack wavefront sensing method is adopted. We measured a double clad fiber laser doped with ytterbium which produces pulse wave output at infrared wavelength. The wavefront shape and contour are reconstructed and the result shows that wavefront is slightly focused and not an ideal plane wavefront. Wavefront measurement of fiber laser will be useful to improving the lasers' performance and developing the coherent technique for its applications.

扫描型哈特曼检测装置研究

在传统哈特曼检验法基础上研制成功一种扫描型哈特曼检测新装置。可对最大口径为Ф300mm的聚焦镜在全口径范围内进行采样测量。该检测装置由大口径标准平行光管、扫描式哈特曼光阑、被俭聚焦镜、CCD摄像机及计算机组成。在水平和垂直两个径向上开有等间距排列且相互错开半个间距的小孔。并且在步进电机的驱动下绕光轴旋转。可对被检聚焦镜进行全口径连续采样。对有效口径为夺154mm的斐索平面干涉仪非球面准直物镜的球差及焦斑能量集中度进行了测量。进而由球差计算得到了波像差。并用干涉法对该准直物镜进行了测量。球差的理论值与测量值

靶镜光学质量检测技术的研究

提出了一种利用扫描型哈特曼检测装置检验靶镜光学质量的技术.该装置对传统哈特曼检验装置的光阑进行了改进,通过扫描型哈特曼光阑的旋转扫描,可对被检靶镜全口径范围内连续采样.利用该扫描型哈特曼检测装置对一块口径为φ270 mm的非球面靶镜的能量集中度和波像差进行了检验,其结果与激光数字波面干涉仪的测量结果相吻合,其中能量集中度的相对测量误差为7.7%,波像差的相对测量误差为10.2%,验证了该检测技术的有效性.

激励射流在超声速流场中的混合特性研究

将Hartmann-Sprenger(H-S)管集成到传统射流装置中形成激励射流,研究其在超声速流场中的混合特性.设计了3种频率的C02激励射流,将其横向注入Ma=2.5的均匀超声速来流当中.采用平面激光散射技术对其进行瞬态可视化成像,利用组分采样进行时均分析,结果表明: H-S激励射流可以有效提高射流穿透深度,形成较多大尺度结构,从而获得较好的混合效果

激励射流在超声速流场中的混合的特性研究

<正>Hartmann-Sprenger(H-S)管处于吞吐模式下可以产生高频高幅度的气流振荡。本文将H-S管集成到传统射流装置中形成激励射流,研究其在超声速流场中的混合特性。本文

H-S管激励射流超声速燃烧实验研究

Hartmann-Sprenger（H-S）管处于吞吐模式下可以产生高频高幅度的气流振荡。本文将H-S管集成到传统射流装置中形成激励射流，研究其在超声速流场中的燃烧特性。本文设计了三种频率的激励射流，将其横向注入马赫数1.8和2.5的超声速来流当中。采用平面激光散射技术对其进行瞬态可视化成像，利用组分采样、测量总压进行时均分析。结果表明：H-S激励射流可以有效提高射流穿透深度，形成较多大尺度结构，从而获得较好的燃烧效果

Systematics of central heavy ion collisions in the 1A GeV regime

Using the large acceptance apparatus FOPI, we study central collisions in the reactions (energies in A GeV are given in parentheses): Ca-40 + Ca-40 (0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.5, 1.93), Ni-58 + Ni-58 (0.15, 0.25, 0.4), Ru-96+Ru-96 (0.4, 1.0. 1.5), (96)zr+(96)zr 1.0, 1.5), Xe-129+CsI (0.15, 0.25, 0.4), Au-197 + Au-197 (0.09, 0.12, 0.15, 0.25, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.5). The observables include cluster multiplicities, longitudinal and transverse rapidity distributions and stopping, and radial flow. The data are compared to earlier data where possible and to transport model simulations. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.