317 resultados para HPLC-UV-DAD

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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A new labeling reagent, 1-(2-naphthyl)-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (NMP), coupling with liquid chromatography (LC) with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) for the detection of carbohydrates from a famous Tibetan medicine is reported. Carbohydrates were derivatized to their bis-NMP-labeled derivatives. The method, in conjunction with a gradient elution, offered a baseline resolution of carbohydrate derivatives on a reversed phase Hypersil ODS-2 column. The carbohydrates such as mannose, galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid, rhamnose, glucose, galactose, xylose, arabinose, and fucose could be successfully detected by UV and ESI-MS. Derivatives showed intense protonated molecular ion at m/z [M+H]+ in positive ion mode. The mass to charge ratios of characteristic fragment ions at m/z 473.0 could be used for the accurately qualitative identification of carbohydrates; this characteristic fragment ion was from the cleavage of C2-C3 bond in the carbohydrate chain giving the specific fragment ions at m/z [MH-CmH2m+1Om-H2O](+) for pentose, hexose, and glyceraldehydes, and at m/z [MH-CmH2m-1Om+1-H2O](+) for alduronic acids, such as galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid (m=n-2, n is carbon atom number of carbohydrate). Compared with the traditional 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) reagent, currently synthesized NMP show the advantage of higher sensitivity to carbohydrate compounds with UV and ESI-MS detection.

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The antibacterial drug furazolidone belonging to the group of nitrofuran antibacterial agents has been widely used as an antibacterial and antiprotozoal feed additive for poultry, cattle, and farmed fish in China. During application a large proportion of the administered drug may reach the environment directly or via feces. Although the use of furazolidone is prohibited in numerous countries, there are indications of its illegal use. It is known that furazolidone can be rapidly metabolized to 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ) in the body of the target organism. In this study, a total of 21 fish feed samples, including 17 commercial fish feeds from local markets in China (representing 15 different formulations) and 4 fish feeds obtained from Germany and Turkey, respectively, are analyzed to determine whether the drug is still illegally used or commercially available feeds are contaminated by this drug. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) methods have been implemented to determine furazolidone and its metabolite AOZ in fish feeds containing animal protein, respectively. An efficient and convenient cleanup method for the determination of furazolidone in fish feeds is developed, and a simple cleanup method for the determination of AOZ is used. Method recoveries for samples used were determined as 87.7-98.3% for furazolidone at two spike levels of 2.0 and 5.0 ng g(-1) and as 95.6-102.8% for AOZ at spike levels of 0.4 and 0.8 ng g(-1). Limits of detections were 0.4 ng g(-1) for furazolidone and 0.05 ng g(-1) for AOZ. The established methods are therefore suitable for the determination of furazolidone and its metabolite AOZ in fish feeds at trace contamination levels. Using the established methods, all fish feed samples have been proved to be furazolidone negative; however, AOZ is tested in 16 of 17 fish feeds obtained from local markets in the Hubei province of China, with a positive rate as high as 94.1%.

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对12批不同来源的刺五加叶提取物进行指纹图谱研究,并利用ESI-MS指纹图谱鉴别刺五加叶与山楂叶。分别采用高效液相色谱(HPLC-UV)和电喷雾电离质谱(ESI-MS)测定12批不同来源的刺五加叶提取物,利用ESI-MS技术测定刺五加叶与山楂叶提取物,得到了分离度、精密度和重现性均较好的刺五加叶HPLC-UV及ESI-MS指纹图谱;同时,利用刺五加叶与山楂叶ESI-MS指纹图谱的差异,成功鉴别了二者,可为刺五加叶药材的质量控制提供参考。

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目的:考察大黄、黄柏、赤芍炮制前后化学成分在质和量方面的变化,以探讨中药的炮制机理。方法:利用电喷雾质谱法(ESI-MS)和高效液相色谱法(HPLC-UV),对大黄、黄柏、赤芍炮制前后的化学成分进行详细研究。质谱:电喷雾电离源(ESI),加热毛细管温度为200℃,喷雾电压为4.5kV;液相色谱:色谱柱为Agilent Zorbax C18柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm),柱温均为28℃。结果:大黄经酒制和醋制后,其化学成分的含量变化较大;黄柏经酒制后巴马汀的含量略有增加,而小檗碱的含量呈下降趋势;盐制对于黄柏的化学成分几乎无影响;赤芍经酒制和炒制后,芍药苷的含量都呈下降趋势。结论:不同炮制方法对化学成分的影响不同,为进一步阐明中药材炮制入药的科学内涵提供了实验依据。

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采用反相高效液相色谱一二极管阵列的检测方法,分析了不同产地11批麻花秦艽药材,建立麻花秦艽药材的指纹图谱,进行野生药材与栽培药材的对比研究。结果表明:最佳条件可较全面的反映麻花秦艽药材的主要成分,栽培药材与野生药材相似度较好。

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An HPLC-UV-MS method for simultaneous identification of predominant phenolics and minor nucleoside derivatives in Gastrodia elata was developed, which was based on their UV and MS characteristics summarized through a series of homemade reference standard experiments. Phenolics showed characteristic UV lambda(max) at 267 nm, [M + NH4](+) base peak in positive mode and [M - H](-) base peak in negative mode while nucleosides exhibited UV lambda(max) at 255 nm, [M + H](+), [M - H + 2H(2)O](-) or [M - H + CH3COOH](-). Phenolics conjugates mainly underwent the consecutive loss of gastrodin residue (- 268 U) and the combined loss of H2O and CO2 from the citric acid unit under negative MS/MS conditions whereas nucleosides simply lost the ribose (- 132 U) under positive MS/MS conditions. According to these characteristics, a special pattern under MS/MS conditions and reported compound data for G. elata in the literature, not only 15 phenolics were identified but also 6 nucleoside derivatives were identified. Among these compounds, seven phenolics and three nucleoside derivatives have not been reported yet from G. elata.

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A sensitive and specific reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method with diode array detection (DAD) was established for the quantitative determination of the nine active components, namely, swertiamarin (SWM, 1), mangiferin (MA, 2), gentipicroside (GE, 3), sweroside (SWO, 4), isoorientin (IS, 5), swertisin (SWS, 6), swertianolin (SWN, 7), 7-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-1 -> 2)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl]-1,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone (RX, 8), and bellidifolin (BE, 9) used as the external standard, in Tibetan folk medicinal species Swertia franchetiana. Based on the baseline chromatographic separation of most components from the methanolic extract of Swertia franchetiana on a reversed-phase Eclipse XDB-C8 column with water-acetonitrile-formic acid as mobile phase, the nine components were identified by comparison with standard samples and qualified by using the external standard method with DAD at 254 nm. The correlation coefficients of all the calibration curves were found to be higher than 0.9980. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the peak areas and retention times for the nine standards were less than 2.07% and 2.86%, respectively.

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手性是自然界的一种普遍现象,生命现象离不开手性。手性物质在有机化学、药物化学、生物化学以及功能材料等领域显示出诱人的应用前景。外消旋体的拆分是手性研究的重要基础工作。高效液相色谱手性固定相法(HPLC-CSP)在对映体化合物的分离分析和制备方面表现出独特的优势。本论文以旋光性联萘类聚合物和纤维素类衍生物涂敷的手性固定相进行分析级和半制备级色谱拆分,研究和探讨了它们对外消旋化合物的手性识别能力。1. 纤维素类聚合物的合成 将微晶纤维素与相应的酰氯或异氰酸酯反应获得四种纤维系类衍生物,纤维素三苯甲酸酯(CTB)、纤维素三苯基氨基甲酸酯(CTPC)、纤维素三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)(CDMPC)、纤维素三联萘甲酸酯(CTBPT)。红外、核磁、元素分析证明原料纤维素已酯化完全。2. 旋光性聚合物手性固定相及HPLC手性柱的制备采用聚合物涂敷硅胶方法制备了四种纤维素类、三种联萘聚酰胺手性固定相和二种半制备级纤维素手性固定相,匀浆法装柱。研究了不同的涂敷液对色谱柱效的影响。3. 旋光性联萘聚酰胺手性柱拆分能力的探讨 在三种由(S)-联萘聚酰胺涂敷的色谱柱上,以多种流动相体系对多种外消旋化合物进行手性折分试验。4. 纤维素类手性分析柱拆分能力的研究 对手性柱进行塔板数和稳定性测试及拆分能力研究。对一些外消旋化合物实现了手性拆分。由实验结果可以看出,以CDMPC涂敷的手性柱对多种外消旋化合(包括药物)具有手性拆分能力,具分离度较高。5. 半制备级拆分 对三种外消旋药物在纤维素半制备色谱柱上进行了半制备级拆分。我们在分析型色谱柱进行了流动相条件的选择,将优化后的分析条件直接放大到半制备色谱中,不仅节省了模索条件的时间,而且可以节省大量的流动相,预计一天内所能达到的对外消旋体最大拆分量可达克级以上。6. 进行了HPLC-UV-旋光仪的联用检测研究,实现了在线流动过程中旋光曲线的绘制。

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利用发根农杆菌(Agrobacterium rhizogenes)1601,1000,1500,15834,A4,均成功地转化了中药青蒿(Artemisia annua L.)并且建立了pRi1601,pRi15834,pRiA4诱导的发根培养。pRi1601,pRi15834的发根诱导率比其它质粒高。太老或太幼的叶片不利子发根的诱导;发根主要从叶脉的伤口处萌发;带顶芽或带侧芽的叶片容易诱导根,但不一定是发根。光照有利于发根的诱导和发根的生长。以每个发根的“绝对生长速率”(Gtowth Ratio,GR)和绝对“侧根”数量(Number of Side Roots,NSR),通过大量的发根系的筛选,建立了8个发根系,1601-L-1, 1601-L-2, 1601-L-3, 1601-L-4, 15834-L-1, 1601-P-I, 16 01-P-2,15834-L-2。Southern分子检测表明,160l-1-1,1801-L-2, 1601-L-3,1601-L-4,1601-P-1,1601-P-2均为转化子。8个建立的发根系之间无论生长或者QHS的合成存在明显的差异。比较光/暗(16/8hrs),25℃条件下培养的16 01-L-1,1601-L-2,1601-L-3,1601-L-4,1601-P-l,和1601-P-2,其中16 01-L-3的生长最快,160l-L-1的生长最慢;但是,1601-L-1的QHS的含量最高(可达1. 048%),1601-1-3的QHS的含量最低。160Z-L-3,15834 -L-1和2583:1-L-2的生长速率相差不大。用盛有l000mLMS液体培养基的3000mL的锥形瓶扩大培养1601-L -3,15834-L-1和15834-L-2,转速为ll0rlpm,培养过程中发根容易形成发根球(Hairy Root Balis,HRB),HRB的形成严重影响发根的生长和QHs的合成,HpLC分析表明扩大培养发根中QHS的含量比较低。 改变MS基本培养基中的无机离子的浓度,研究不同无机离子对发根生长和QHS的合成的影响。 l、KN03为18.79×10-3M时有利于1601- L-1生长,为14. 84×10-3M时有利于QHS的合成。NH-4N0-3浓度在10.93-12. 49×10—3M范围内有利于1601-L-1生长,在0-20.62×10-3M范围内对QHS的合成影响不大,大于20. 62×lO-3M不利QHS的合成。培养基中NH-4+/N0-3-比值为0. 37-0. 4-0.52:1时有利于发根的生长,比值为0.52 - 0.58:1时有利于QHS的合成。 2、H-2P0-4-浓度为2.498×10-3M时有利于发根的生长在0-2. 498×l0-3M范围内,随着浓度的提高,促进发根的生长。培养基中的H2P4 -的浓度在0-1.249×lO-3M的范围内,随着浓度的提高,促进QHS的合成,为1.249×10-3M时QHS的含量最高。 3、培养基中最适16 01-L-1生长的Ca-2+浓度为0.198- 0.766×10-3M,大于或小于该浓度范围,显著地抑制发根的生长。但是,在0-3.695×10-3M范围内,随着培养基中Ca-2+浓度提高,促进QHS的合成,最适Ca-2+浓度为3.695×l0-3M。 4、培养基中不加Mg-2+时,完全抑制发根生长,在0. 142×10-3M-7.506×l0-3M浓度范围内,对发根生长影响没有明显的差别。但是,HPLC和UV分析发根中QHS含量,培养基中不加Mg-2+时,发根中QHS含量最高。 5、培养基中的Fe-2+浓度在0. 25 -1.0×10-3M范围内,同时有利于16 01- L-1的生长和QHS的形成。 6、培养基中最适合予16 01- L-3生长的KI浓度为2.5ppm,大于或小予该浓度均显著地抑制发根的生长,培养基中加入KI明显地降低发根中的QHS的含量。 7、H2BO3对l601-L-l生长影响不大,HPLC分析QHS的含量,培养基中的H3BO3浓度为100ppm和400ppm,QHS的含量分别为1.69mg/g和1.80mg/g(DW)。 8、Cu-2+对1601-L-3的生长影响显著,最适合1601-L-3生长的Cu-2+浓度为1.00ppm,在0 -1.00ppm的浓度范围内,随着培养基中的Cu+浓度的提高,发根的生物量不断增加。培养基中QHS合成的最适Cu2+浓度为0.05ppm,大于或小于该浓度均显著地抑制发根中QHS的合成。 比较光培养和暗培养对发根生长的影响,结果表明光照明显地促进1601-L-l的生长,暗培养明显不利于发根的生长。最适合于发根生长的温度为25℃,大于35℃显著地抑制发根的生长,影响发根的根尖细胞的正常分裂。 改变培养基中的蔗糖浓度和在发根培养的不同时期给培养基中添加蔗糖,试验结果表明蔗糖作为碳源对1601-L-3和1601-L-1的生长具有显著的影响。 (1)培养基中缺少蔗糖显著地抑制发根的生长。 (2)发根培养的前5天时间内,蔗糖浓度为30- 60glL昀培养基最有利于发根的生长,50glL的培养基中的发根生长最快,培养基中的蔗糖浓度大于60g/L小于30g/L时,发根的生物量增加较少。 (3)发根培养至第15天时,蔗糖浓度为60g/L的培养基最有利予发根的生物量的增加。发根培养至30天时,蔗糖浓度为60-90g/L的培养基,发根的生物量的增加相差不大,但是为蔗糖浓度为30-40g/L的培养基中的发根生物量一倍。 (4)发根培养过程中,分别于第5和15天给蔗糖浓度为30g/L的培养基中添加一次或二次蔗糖,使培养基中的蔗糖终浓度相当于60g/L或90g/L,培养至30天时,添加蔗糖的培养基中的发根的干重生物量相当于不添加蔗糖培养基中的发根生物量一倍,相当于初始蔗糖浓度为60g/L和90g/L培养基中发根的生物量。 (5)随着培养基中蔗糖浓度的提高,发根干重/鲜重比显著增加。培养基中的蔗糖的消耗量与发根生物量的增加呈正相关,蔗糖消耗越多,发根生物量的增加越大。 比较pH值对发根生长和QHS合成的影响表明,灭菌前pH值在5.O-6.5范围内的培养基适合予1601-L-1的生长,小于5.O不利于发根的生长,pH5.8有利于1601-1-1生长和QHS的生物合成。发根收获时培养基中的pH值一般为4.5-5.2. pH7.O抑制发根的生长,pHl0.O对发根具有强烈的致死作用。发根在培养过程中,对培养基中的pH值具有显著的调节作用,发根能在很短的时间内(24- 48hrs)使pl:l值为5.8、6.4、7.0培养基降低到pH4. 5-5.2,pH为5.8的培养基有利于QHS合成。 比较不同基本培养基对发根生长和QHS合成的影响,试验结果表明N6、DCR、Litvay培养基有利于1601-L-1的生长,WS、White、B5培养基不利于发根的生长。DCR培养基中的QHS含量最高。 根据三水平试验选用三水平正交表来安排试验的原则,选用三水平正交表L7(3-),研究多因子效应对发根生长和QHS合成的影响,试验结果表明,Mg2+,Fe2+,Mn-2+,NH4NO3,KN03 ,KI,Ca-2+为发根生长的主要因子,NH4N03,KNOs,Mg2+,Ca2+,肌醇为QHS合成的主要因子。 通过TLC分析发根中QHS和其它化学成分,同时比较发根和无菌苗及野生植株的化学成分,发根和无菌苗均能合成包括QHS在内的野生青蒿叶片中的大部分非挥发性的化台 物。 研究青蒿植株在发育过程中QHS的含量的变化以及发根、无菌苗和野生青蒿中QHS的合成,HP分析结果表明,l、不同的单株青蒿之间的QHS量相差很大。2、同一植株幼 叶的QHS含量比老叶的QHS含量高。3、不同单株青蒿之间达到最高QHS含量的时间不一样,开花期或开花之前。4、无菌苗(带根)或者不带根丛生芽均能合成QHS,但是带根的无菌蕾的QHS量比丛生芽中的QIS的含量高。5、不同发根农杆菌转化的发根系1601-L-1和15834-L-1都能合成QHS。

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目的:控制中华眼镜蛇蛇毒神经生长因子产品质量,研究其理化性质及生物学活性的定性和定量。方法:通过离子交换色谱、凝胶过滤及FPLC色谱分高纯化得到中华眼镜蛇蛇毒神经生长因子,按国家新药审批有关要求对其进行了SDS-PAGE电泳,N端蛋白质序列规定,HPLC色谱分析,UV光谱图谱扫描,并利用PC12细胞培养法和鸡胚背根神经节培养法检测其生物活性。结果:电泳为一条带,亚基分子量为13500,N端蛋白质序列测定后确证为神经生长因子(NGF),HPLC为单峰,相对百分含量为95%以上,279.6nm处呈现出蛋白质样特征吸收峰。生物活性测定为,PC12细胞培养法灵敏度可达1ng/ml,鸡胚背根神经节培养法需30ng/ml的浓度梯度才能在神经节上有所反应。结论:此实验样品为具有较高生物活性的高纯度NGF多肽。

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利用灭菌灯照射,HPLC法检测,研究了MCRR在紫外光(主要发射波长为254nm)照射下的光降解行为。结果表明,在254nm紫外光下,MCRR的光降解和异构化作用同时发生,整个过程不能用准一级反应动力学方程描述。光照强度是影响反应速率的重要因素,温度对反应速率也有较大影响,光强增加和温度的升高均可加速MCRR降解。当温度为25℃、光强为425μW·cm-2时,MCRR的降解半衰期约为2min。pH对MCRR降解的影响不十分显著,但在偏酸性条件比中性和碱性条件有利于降解。

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以五种群体和单细胞微囊藻及自然微囊藻水华为材料 ,在沸水浴中经不同时间处理 ,过滤后直接进行HPLC UV检测 ,发现 12min的沸水浴处理就足以达到抽提目的。研究中发现 ,去离子水比蒸馏水是更有效的抽提溶剂。传统的甲醇抽提结果与沸水浴处理的相对误差主要在 0 2 %— 16 5 9%之间。结果还显示 ,群体微囊藻需要比单细胞微囊藻抽提更长时间。本研究提供了一种经过改进的高效、廉价和快速的微囊藻毒素抽提分析方法。

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The distribution and dynamics of microcystins in various organs of the phytoplanktivorous bighead carp were studied monthly in Lake Taihu, which is dominated by toxic cyanobacteria. There was a good agreement between LC-MS and HPLC-UV determinations. Average recoveries of spiked fish samples were 63% for MC-RR and 71% for MC-LR. The highest MC contents in intestine, liver, kidney and spleen were 85.67, 2.83, 1.70 and 1.57 mu g g(-1) DW, respectively. MCs were much higher in mid-gut walls (1.22 mu g g(-1) DW) than in hind- and fore-gut walls (0.31 and 0.18 mu g g(-1) DW, respectively), suggesting the importance of mid-gut wall as major site for MC absorption. A cysteine conjugate of MC-LR was detected frequently in kidney. Among the muscle samples analyzed, 25% were above the provisional tolerable daily intake level by WHO. Bighead is strongly resistant to microcystins and can be used as biomanipulation fish to counteract cyanotoxin contamination in eutrophic waters. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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采用紫外可见分光光度法、ESI-MS(电喷雾质谱)与HPLC-UV(高效液相色谱)测定技术分析了等离子体种子处理机处理人参种子对所栽培人参中人参皂苷含量的影响。结果发现,人参种子受到等离子体与梯度磁场综合作用处理后,培育出的人参其总皂苷含量随磁化电流强度的改变呈现近似的正态分布。其中,在磁化线圈电流强度为1.1~1.5 A处理种子后,栽培的人参中总皂苷含量较高。建立了电喷雾质谱分析人参提取物中人参皂苷的半定量方法,方法便捷地反映了未处理及处理后的人参种子所栽培的人参中皂苷成分的含量变化。

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目的优化草乌中乌头类生物碱提取方法,比较草乌、附子生品及市售炮制品中乌头类生物碱的含量,为相关中药中生物碱的测定和临床应用提供参考。方法分别用7种提取方法提取附子中乌头类生物碱,比较各方法对3种双酯型生物碱的提取效率,并测定乌头类生药及其炮制品中乌头类生物碱含量。结果10%氨水乙醚冷浸法对3种双酯型生物碱的提取效率最高。炮制品中的乌头类生物碱含量明显低于生药,各种炮制品中乌头类生物碱的含量差别也比较大。结论采用10%氨水乙醚冷浸法,高效液相色谱-紫外光谱(HPLC-UV)法对药材中乌头类生物碱进行提取和含量测定,能真实反映药材中药效和毒性成分。不同的炮制品中各生物碱含量差别较大,临床应用应有差别。