内旋流流化床垃圾焚烧炉及其研究中的测量技术

介绍了中科院力学研究所建造的内旋流流化床炉，总结了在进行内旋流流化床垃圾焚烧炉试验过程中所采用的部分测量方案。

城市生活垃圾中微量金属元素含量的特性分析

城市生活垃圾中含有多种微量金属元素,可能会对环境和人们的健康造成危害.分析这些元素随着产地及时间的差别,了解它们在垃圾中的富集量,对于垃圾的处理和综合利用是非常重要的.在此通过连续监测1年内某沿海城市若干地区生活垃圾的组成成分,得到了垃圾中微量金属元素的原始数据,探讨了微量金属元素随来源和季节的分布规律,并进行了较为详尽的讨论.

Thermodynamics of the displacive mechanism of alpha(1) transformation in a beta

Thermodynamics of the displacive mechanism of plate-shaped phase alpha(1) was analyzed in beta'Cu-Zn alloys. It was proposed that the displacive transformation of the alpha(1) plate took place in the solute-depleted region formed in the parent phase during the incubation period. The thermodynamic analysis indicated that the driving force of alpha(1) transformation, Delta G, increased with the reduction of x(d), the solute concentration of the depleted region. And, Delta G could overcome-the transformation barrier with solute depletion to a certain degree. In addition, x(d) was higher than the equilibrium concentration in the phase diagram. Therefore, the shear formation of alpha(1) plate in the solute-depleted region was thermodynamically supported.

Free surface oscillation of thermocapillary convection in liquid bridge of half-floating-zone

Free surface deformations of thermocapillary convection in a small liquid bridge of half floating-zone are studied in the present paper. The relative displacement and phase difference of free surface oscillation are experimentally studied, and the features of free surface oscillation for various applied temperature differences are obtained. It is discovered that there is a sort of surface waves having the character of small perturbation, and having a wave mode of unusually large amplitude in one corner region of the liquid bridge.

中国科学家研制出室温超大塑性大块金属玻璃

长期以来，探索同时具有高强度和大塑性的金属合金材料一直是材料领域追求的目标．一般而言，材料的强度遵循着这样的规律：越小越强，即组成材料的晶粒尺寸越小，材料的强度越高．这个规律的最终极限是每个晶粒仅包含一个原子——原子排列长程无序的玻璃态材料．事实上，通过快速凝固的现代冶金方法制备的大块金属玻璃（也称非晶态合金），其强度接近于Frenkel理论强度极限，即剪切模量的十分之一．然而，似乎高强度和大塑性是无法共存的．

Sensitivity map of laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy for single-cell analysis of colorectal cancer

Raman spectroscopy on single, living epithelial cells captured in a laser trap is shown to have diagnostic power over colorectal cancer. This new single-cell technology comprises three major components: primary culture processing of human tissue samples to produce single-cell suspensions, Raman detection on singly trapped cells, and diagnoses of the cells by artificial neural network classifications. it is compared with DNA flow cytometry for similarities and differences. Its advantages over tissue Raman spectroscopy are also discussed. In the actual construction of a diagnostic model for colorectal cancer, real patient data were taken to generate a training set of 320 Raman spectra and, a test set of 80. By incorporating outlier corrections to a conventional binary neural classifier, our network accomplished significantly better predictions than logistic regressions, with sensitivity improved from 77.5% to 86.3% and specificity improved from 81.3% to 86.3% for the training set and moderate improvements for the test set. Most important, the network approach enables a sensitivity map analysis to quantitate the relevance of each Raman band to the normal-to-cancer transform at the cell level. Our technique has direct clinic applications for diagnosing cancers and basic science potential in the study of cell dynamics of carcinogenesis. (C) 2007 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.

Electromagnetically induced self-imaging

We study the self-imaging and image-transforming properties of a probe field in a cold atomic medium with electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Due to the similarities between the gradient-index medium and the inhomogeneous index distribution of an EIT medium under the conditions of a negative probe detuning and a Gaussian control field, we find based on analytical investigations that there exists a kind of electromagnetically induced self-imaging phenomenon in cold atomic media. Numerical simulations clearly show that electromagnetically induced self-imaging is observable and controllable. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America.

Analysis of beam-quality degradation in nonlinear frequency conversion

Based on the ripple transfers of electric-field amplitude and phase in frequency tripling, simple formulas are derived for the harmonic laser's beam-quality factor M-3omega(2), with an arbitrary fundamental incidence to ideal nonlinear crystals. Whereas the harmonic beam's quality is generally degraded, the beam's divergence is similar to that of the fundamental after nonlinear frequency conversion. For practical crystals with periodic surface ripples that are caused by their machining, a multiorder diffractive model is presented with which the focusing properties of harmonic beams can be studied. Predictions of the theories are shown to be in excellent agreement with full numerical simulations. (C) 2002 Optical Society of America.

Laser-diode-pumped Cr4+,Nd3+: YAG with self-Q-switched laser output of 1.4 W

By use of a laser diode as a pump source, a self-Q-switched laser from a Cr,Nd:YAG crystal is demonstrated. The output Q-switched traces are very stable, the threshold pump power is 3.5 W, the pulse duration is 50 ns, and the slope efficiency is as high as 20%. In addition, the pulse width remains constant while the pulse repetition rate Varies with pump power. (C) 2000 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 140.0140, 140.2020, 140.3380, 140.3480, 140.3540, 140.3580.

西藏高山栎群体遗传结构的研究

本文以西藏高原不同海拔高度八个居群的川滇高山栎和一个 居群的通麦栎为研究对象，应用同工酶电泳和形态指标的统计方 法，阐明了遗传多样性随着海拔高度的变化规律：海拔2400-3300 m的川滇高山栎的遗传变异水平较高，而海拔3800 m以及海拔 2200 m居群的遗传变异水平都有降低的趋势。本文还发现人为干 扰，日照多少等因素均对遗传变异水平有影响。通过遗传相似系数的比较，可以把通麦栎同川滇高山栎区别开来。形态指标同样能反映居群随海拔高度的变化趋势以及发育的状况。