真空辐射加热基片的温度分布

真空辐射加热下基片表面温度分布的均匀性是薄膜制备中的关键问题之一。采用数值计算和比色红外测温两种方法，研究了作者自行研制的真空辐射加热器（IMCAS-VRH）的性能。利用IMCAS-VRH加热直径6in的单晶硅基片,当电功率为3860W时，基片表面平均温度为1093K,整个基片上的温度变化的测量值约为6 K。基片表面温度分布的计算结果与测量数据符合得很好，进一步的计算分析表明钼丝对辐射的遮挡效应、隔热屏和基片热传导等对基片温度分布均匀性有重要影响。

露天矿边坡动态整治方法及其应用--以福建潘洛铁矿滑坡整治为例

露天矿边坡属于人工边坡,它的形成不仅时间长,而且一直处于动态过程中.露天矿滑坡在一定范围内是允许的,滑坡治理的目的是保证矿山在开采期限内安全采出设计境界内的矿石.基于这些特征,在文中提出了适合露天矿滑坡治理的新方法-动态治理法及其可行性,并以潘洛铁矿露天矿滑坡灾害治理为例,对该方法的应用进行了论述.可为露天矿滑坡治理所借鉴.

Magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium of plasma ball lightning

Thin foil observations using transmission electron microscopy reveal that the density of dislocations within the band is extremely high and the tangled arrangement of dislocations tends to align along the length of the shear band. The grains in the band were also elongated along the shear band and clearly exhibited a crystallographic nature.

等离子体效应对碳的类氢离子能级的影响

通过在狄拉克方程中考虑德拜-休克尔（Debye-Hückel）屏蔽势，研究了类氢离子C^5＋低能级能量1s（^2S1／2），2s（^2S1／2），2p（^2P1／2和^2P3／2）随等离子体电子温度及电子密度的变化规律，计算得到类氢离子C^5＋能级能量及能级电离势随等离子体环境的变化关系。同时，拟合得到了基于德拜-休克尔屏蔽势下相当好的束缚态能级能量随等离子体环境变化的解析公式，利用该公式得到了类氢离子C^5＋相应各能级发生压致电离的临界电子密度，其结果与其它文献比有很好的可比性。结果表明：束缚态能级能量

Aberration measurement of projection optics in lithographic tools by use of an alternating phase-shifting mask

As a critical dimension shrinks, the degradation in image quality caused by wavefront aberrations of projection optics in lithographic tools becomes a serious problem. It is necessary to establish a technique for a fast and accurate in situ aberration measurement. We introduce what we believe to be a novel technique for characterizing the aberrations of projection optics by using an alternating phase-shifting mask. The even aberrations, such as spherical aberration and astigmatism, and the odd aberrations, such as coma, are extracted from focus shifts and image displacements of the phase-shifted pattern, respectively. The focus shifts and the image displacements are measured by a transmission image sensor. The simulation results show that, compared with the accuracy of the previous straightforward measurement technique, the accuracy of the coma measurement increases by more than 30% and the accuracy of the spherical-aberration measurement increases by approximately 20%. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America.

中国野青茅属的分类学修订

　　通过野外观察和标本研究，本文分析了中国野青茅属植物主要形态性状的变异式样，对其叶片表皮进行了光镜和电镜观察，对外稃表皮进行了电镜观察，分析了该属植物的生态和地理分布。在此基础上，对中国野青茅属植物进行了分类修订。 1．形态性状分析 分析结果显示：野青茅属植物形态变异极其复杂，性状之间大多缺少相关性，属内有分类价值的性状较为贫乏。一般来说，颖片表面特征、基盘毛与外稃的相对长度、外稃的质地及表皮结构、外稃背部具芒与否、芒的伸出位置等性状在种内较为稳定，是本属首要的分类性状。植株疏丛型或密丛型、花序宽大开展或短小紧缩、小穗的大小等性状在分类上具有第二位的重要性。而叶鞘、叶舌、叶片的长宽、颖片边缘是否具睫毛等性状往往在种内没有稳定性，在分类中应该审慎对待。但是，应该特别指出，即便是通常比较稳定可靠的性状， 在少数类群中也可能存在较为复杂的变异，而那些通常没有稳定性的性状，在个别类群中又可能表现出稳定性，在分类上具有重要的价值。 2．叶表皮 在光镜和扫描电镜下观察了叶表皮结构，结果表明：上表皮结构无规律性可循，难以用来分类;下表皮结构为典型的狐茅型，脉间长细胞、刺毛、硅细胞的形态具有一定的分类学意义。 3．外稃表皮 在扫描电镜下观察了外稃表皮结构，结果表明：所有类群的外稃表皮均由长细胞和刺毛组成，偶见硅细胞而无气孔。根据外稃表皮的结构特征可将本属植物分为4类，第1类：长细胞厚壁，边缘显著波状弯曲，刺毛基部浅表型;第2类：长细胞厚壁，边缘微波状或波状弯曲，刺毛基部浅表型;第3类：长细胞薄壁，边缘波状弯曲，刺毛基部下陷;第4类：长细胞厚壁，边缘微波状或波状弯曲，刺毛基部下陷。 4．生态与地理分布 野青茅属植物分布于南北半球的温带地区以及热带的山区，主要生于较潮湿的环境，如林缘、灌丛、低海拔的湿草甸、高山和亚高山草甸、山坡草地等。该属植物在中国主要分布在西南山区和青藏高原，分布种类在海拔3000-4000米最为丰富。 5．区系地理成分分析 中国野青茅属植物的区系地理成分以中国一喜马拉雅成分、中国特有成分为主体，包括环北极成分、旧世界温带成分、中国一日本成分等共5种。认为中国的西南山区至喜马拉雅一带为野青茅属植物的多样性中心之一。 6．根据标本资料，绘制了每一种在中国的地理分布图，以及大部分种的垂直分布柱状图。并首次提供丁8个种的标本绘图。 在．上述工作的基础上，本文对中国野青茅属进行了分类学修订，归并12种，12变种，其中包括新异名16个;作出新组合2个，其中包括1个改级新组合。本文确认了产于中国的该属植物3 1种，3变种（不包括原变种）;另有8种1变种暂存疑。经本文修订后，原中国植物志记载的43种14变种，目前被确认27种2变种。

酸性抗菌肽及其基因和在制药中的应用

本发明涉及一种酸性抗菌肽及其基因和在制药中的应用，属于生物医学领域。酸性抗菌肽，是中国两栖类动物大蹼铃蟾基因编码的一种单链多肽，分子量2021.4，等电点4.8，多肽氨基酸全序列一级结构为：Ile Leu Gly Pro Val LeuGly Leu Val Ser Asp Thr Leu Asp Asp Val Leu Gly Ile Leu-AMIDATION。编码酸性抗菌肽的基因由632个核苷酸组成，其中编码成熟酸性抗菌肽为第418-477位核苷酸。人工化学合成的酸性抗菌肽具有显著的抑制细菌生长的作用，可以作为制备抗微生物感染疾病药物的应用。

一个脱毛相关基因及其应用

本发明涉及一个脱毛相关基因及其应用，属于生物技术领域。本发明确定了一无毛基因与昆明小鼠脱毛性状的相关性。该基因被定位于小鼠14号染色体，在细胞遗传图谱上的位置是14D1，在连锁图谱上的位置是39.5cM，全长约20.281KbDNA序列，转录产物(cDNA)有4017bp，含有19个外显子，从成熟mRNA的第378位(2号外显子)开始翻译，共编码1182个氨基酸残基。通过测序，该基因第2817位无义突变(C→T)是导致昆明种犀牛小鼠KIZ脱毛的遗传基础。而且，该基因在人类基因组中也非常保守，具有相似的功能。所以该基因可以用来研究人秃头症的致病机理，以及作为设计治疗丘疹性秃头症药物的靶基因。

Nucleotide variation and recombination along the fourth chromosome in Drosophila simulans

The fourth chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster and its sister species are believed to be nonrecombining and have been a model system for testing predictions of the effects of selection on linked, neutral variation. We recently examined nucleotide variat

银鲫种系细胞标记分子Vasa:cDNA克隆及其抗体制备(英文)

种系细胞始自胚胎发育早期,是动物生殖及生殖工程的基础。为研究鱼类的种系细胞提供标记分子,我们克隆并鉴定了银鲫的vasacDNA即Cagvasa。CagvasacDNA全长2771碱基(nt),编码的蛋白为银鲫Vasa即CagVasa,全长701个氨基酸(aa)。CagVasa蛋白与已知Vasa蛋白的结构特征一致:在N端有14个RGG重复序列,在C端Vasa所特有的8个功能域俱全。银鲫Vasa与鲤鱼、斑马鱼、陆生脊椎动物和果蝇的Vasa蛋白分别有95%,89%,61%-66%和50%的同源性。卵巢切片的RN

Antimicrobial activity-specific to Gram-negative bacteria and immune modulation-mediated NF-kappa B and Sp1 of a medaka beta-defensin

Defensins are a group of cationic antimicrobial peptides which play an important role in the innate immune system by exerting their antimicrobial activity against pathogens. In this study, we cloned a novel beta-defensin cDNA from medaka (Oryzias latipes) by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technique. The full-length cDNA consists of 480 bp, and the open reading frame (CRF) of 189 bp encodes a polypeptide of 63 amino acids (aa) with a predicted molecular weight of 7.44 kDa. Its genomic organization was analyzed, and Southern blot detection confirmed that only one copy of beta-defensin exists in the medaka HNI strain. RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry detections showed that the beta-defensin transcript and protein could be detected in eyes, liver, kidney, blood, spleen and gill, and obviously prevalent expression was found in eyes. Antimicrobial activity of the medaka beta-defensin was evaluated, and the antibacterial activity-specific to Gram-negative bacteria was revealed. Furthermore, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, was demonstrated to be able to induce about 13-fol up-regulation of the beta-defensin within first 12 h. In addition, promoter and promoter mutagenesis analysis were performed in the medaka beta-defensin. A proximal 100 base pair(bp) sequence (+26 to -73)and the next 1700 bp sequence (-73 to -1755) were demonstrated to be responsible for the basal promoter activity and for the transcription regulation. Three nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) cis-elements and a Sp1 cis-element were revealed by mutagenesis analysis to exist in the 5' flanking sequence, and they were confirmed to be responsible for the up-regulation of medaka beta-defensin stimulated by LPS. And, the Sp1 cis-element was further revealed to be related to the basal promoter activity, and transcriptional factor II D (TFIID) was found to be in charge of the gene transcription initiation. All the obtained data suggested that the novel medaka beta-defensin should have antimicrobial activity-specific to Gram-negative bacteria, and the antibacterial immune function should be modulated by NF-kappa B and Sp1. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The structural and photoluminescence character of InAs quantum dots grown on a combined InAlAs and GaAs strained buffer

The structural and photoluminescence (PL) properties of the InAs quantum dots (QDs) grown on a combined InAlAs and GaAs strained buffer layer have been investigated by AFM and PL measurements. The dependence of the critical thickness for the transition from 2D to 3D on the thickness of GaAs layer is demonstrated directly by RHEED. The effects of the introduced-InAlAs layer on the density and the aspect ratio of QDs have been discussed.